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|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F39090391%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F39090391%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 39090391 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 39090391"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="d112239aaf34ddc4ec0142569791b6ccb19d454a7ccd73b673b1023c4a56c2f1"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="39090391">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-024-01766-y"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=3094&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=39090391&db=pubmed&nlmid=101674869"
|
||
title="See full text options at Nature Publishing Group"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Nature Publishing Group"
|
||
data-ga-label="39090391"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.nature.com-static-images-logos-nature-portfolio-120.png" alt="Nature Publishing Group full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Nature Publishing Group
|
||
|
||
</span></a><a class="link-item
|
||
pmc
|
||
"
|
||
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/39090391/"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=39090391&db=pubmed&nlmid=101674869"
|
||
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="PMC"
|
||
data-ga-label="39090391"
|
||
><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Free PMC article
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/39090391/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/39090391/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="39090391" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_button"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F39090391%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
|
||
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
|
||
class="dialog collections-dialog"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Ka6SuXOWxk6sBkG2SLLBaSmlosifU7kZ1XQX7Nhi7VTWvLMSv4oDE0SZWw0rNISj"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label><input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
|
||
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
|
||
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2024 Oct;9(10):2522-2537.</span>
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An acidophilic fungus promotes prey digestion in a carnivorous plant
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An acidophilic fungus promotes prey digestion in a carnivorous plant
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<p>
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Leaves of the carnivorous sundew plants (Drosera spp.) secrete mucilage that hosts microorganisms, but whether this microbiota contributes to prey digestion is unclear. We identified the acidophilic fungus Acrodontium crateriforme as the dominant species in the mucilage microbial communities, thriving in multiple sundew species across the global range. The fungus grows and sporulates on sundew glands as its preferred acidic environment, and its presence in traps increased the prey digestion process. A. crateriforme has a reduced genome similar to other symbiotic fungi. During A. crateriforme-Drosera spatulata coexistence and digestion of prey insects, transcriptomes revealed significant gene co-option in both partners. Holobiont expression patterns during prey digestion further revealed synergistic effects in several gene families including fungal aspartic and sedolisin peptidases, facilitating prey digestion in leaves, as well as nutrient assimilation and jasmonate signalling pathway expression. This study establishes that botanical carnivory is defined by adaptations involving microbial partners and interspecies interactions.
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© 2024. The Author(s).
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<p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The authors declare no competing interests.</p>
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<p> Fig. 1. Microbial communities of <i> D. spatulata… </i> </p>
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<p> Fig. 1. Microbial communities of <i> D. spatulata </i> mucilage and surrounding co-occurring plants. </p>
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Fig. 1. Microbial communities of <i>D. spatulata</i> mucilage and surrounding co-occurring plants.
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>, <i>D. spatulata</i>. <b>b</b>, Close-up of stalk glands with secreted mucilage. <b>c</b>, Bacterial and fungal species evenness in sundew mucilage (<i>n</i> = 44) versus those of co-occurring moss (<i>n</i> = 24) and vascular plant leaf surfaces (<i>n</i> = 24). Asterisks denote significant difference from Wilcoxon rank sum test (two sided with multiple testing, ****adjusted <i>P</i> < 0.0001; mucilage versus vascular plant, <i>P</i> = 1.80 × 10<sup>−8</sup>; mucilage versus moss, <i>P</i> = 1.79 × 10<sup>−7</sup>). The centre line represents the median, and the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 times the interquartile range (i.q.r.). <b>d</b>,<b>e</b>, Beta diversity (Bray–Curtis index) of bacterial (<b>d</b>) and fungal (<b>e</b>) communities from three sites (Supplementary Fig. 2). Ellipses were drawn at 95% confidence level within samples of the same plant source and site. PC1, principal component 1; PC2, principal component 2. Source data</div>
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<p> Fig. 2. Abundance of <i> Acrodontium </i> OTU in… </p>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Fig. 2. Abundance of <i> Acrodontium </i> OTU in <i> Drosera </i> mucilage. </p>
|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b> a </b> , Relative abundances of the…</div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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Fig. 2. Abundance of <i>Acrodontium</i> OTU in <i>Drosera</i> mucilage.
|
||
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>, Relative abundances of the ten most abundant bacterial and fungal taxa among mucilage of <i>D. spatulata</i> (<i>n</i> = 44) and surrounding plants (moss, <i>n</i> = 24, and vascular plants, <i>n</i> = 24), highlighting <i>A. crateriforme</i> as the dominant species in the mucilage. Unpaired <i>t</i>-test was conducted (two sided, *<i>P</i> < 0.05; **<i>P</i> < 0.01; ***<i>P</i> < 0.001; ****<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The centre line represents the median, and the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 times the i.q.r. <b>b</b>, Temporal variation of <i>Acrodontium</i> and the next four most abundant OTUs shown as relative abundance in mucilage over 9 months (<i>n</i> = 4) between 2018 and 2019 pooled from Shumei and Shuangxi in northern Taiwan (Supplementary Fig. 2). Data are presented as mean ± s.d. <b>c</b>, Relative abundance of <i>A. crateriforme</i> identified from ITS amplicons from mucilage or tissues of four <i>Drosera</i> species sampled across northern Taiwan, North America and the United Kingdom. Source data</div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Fig. 3. The <i> A. crateriforme </i> – <i> D.… </i> </p>
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<p> Fig. 3. The <i> A. crateriforme </i> – <i> D. spatulata </i> holobiont. </p>
|
||
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b> a </b> – <b> c </b> , SEM image of sundew…</div>
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Fig. 3. The <i>A. crateriforme</i>–<i>D. spatulata</i> holobiont.
|
||
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|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>–<b>c</b>, SEM image of sundew stalk glands under sterile lab conditions (<b>a</b>), inoculated with <i>A. crateriforme</i> (<b>b</b>) and from wild samples from the natural habitat (<b>c</b>). Each condition was repeated once and images were retaken with similar results. Different arrow colours denote fungal conidiophores from which conidia were already detached (red), a conidium attached to the tip of a conidiophore (blue) and detached conidia (white). <b>d</b>, Reopening time of sundew traps with and without (control) supplementation with different substrates, or with inoculation with different microbiota. Each set contains a single leaf from five individual plants. The centre line represents the median, and the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 times the i.q.r. Median reopening time for touch, shrimp and wood in sundews with different microbiota are plotted as dashed lines (Extended Data Fig. 5). Unpaired two-tailed <i>t</i>-tests with multiple testing were performed (*<i>P</i> < 0.05; **<i>P</i> < 0.01; ***<i>P</i> < 0.001; ****<i>P</i> < 0.0001). <b>e</b>, Application of biotin-labelled BSA as a protein substrate during 16 h and 24 h of sundew digestion showing a decline in BSA with digestion using collected mucilage from sundews inoculated with different inocula. Each set contains five samples of pooled mucilage from a single sundew or entire wiped leaf surfaces of a single adjacent plant. Raw western blot images are shown in Supplementary Fig. 22. The centre line represents the median, and the upper and lower bounds of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 times the i.q.r. Wilcoxon rank sum test with multiple testing was conducted (*<i>P</i> < 0.05). Source data</div>
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<p> Fig. 4. Genomic features of <i> A. crateriforme. </i> </p>
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<p> Fig. 4. Genomic features of <i> A. crateriforme. </i> </p>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b> a </b> , Phylogenetic placement of <i> A. crateriforme </i> among…</div>
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Fig. 4. Genomic features of <i>A. crateriforme.</i>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>, Phylogenetic placement of <i>A. crateriforme</i> among extremophilic fungi denoted in blue branches, highlighting its association with known acidophiles. All nodes have a 100% bootstrap support. The number next to <i>A. crateriforme</i> denotes the number of lost OGs inferred by DOLLOP. <b>b</b>, Genome description and functional annotations of the <i>A. crateriforme</i> proteome. DHN, dihydroxynaphthalene; NRPs, nonribosomal peptides; RiPP, ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides. <b>c</b>, Chromosomal rearrangements among extremophile fungi <i>A. crateriforme</i>, <i>Baudoinia panamericana</i> and <i>H. werneckii</i> through clustering of single-copy orthologue pairs. The line colours designate corresponding <i>A. crateriforme</i> chromosomes. <b>d</b>, Synteny between a subtelomeric polyketide cluster on <i>A. crateriforme</i> chromosome 6 and plant pathogens <i>E. ampelina</i> and <i>P. nodorum</i>. <i>A. crateriforme</i> genes and orthologues are coloured sequentially. Source data</div>
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<p> Fig. 5. Transcriptome of the <i> D. spatulata… </i> </p>
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<p> Fig. 5. Transcriptome of the <i> D. spatulata </i> – <i> A. crateriforme </i> holobiont during digestion. </p>
|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b> a </b> , Overlap of…</div>
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Fig. 5. Transcriptome of the <i>D. spatulata</i>–<i>A. crateriforme</i> holobiont during digestion.
|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>, Overlap of upregulated (up) or downregulated (down) DEGs during digestion and coexistence for both species compared with baseline controls (determined by DESeq2; |log<sub>2</sub>(fold change)| > 1 and adjusted <i>P</i> < 0.05). Percentages indicate the proportion of differentially expressed genes in the digestion phase that were also expressed in the same trend in the coexistence phase. <b>b</b>, Transcriptome profiling of the plant–fungus holobiont during digestion with the fungus on the right and the plant on the left. DEGs were compared whether the same trends were observed in either the digestion or the coexistence process. <b>c</b>, Schematic representation of the role of the DEGs involved in the holobiont digestion. <b>d</b>, Schematic representation of designated categories of DEGs in <b>c</b> when compared with transcriptome changes in the plant treated with chitin or dead fungus. Numbers in rectangles denote the number of genes. NS denotes not significant, that is, DEGs that did not exhibit expression changes in response to elicitors. Numbers in brackets denote the proportion of DEGs that were also expressed in the same trend when the plant was treated with different elicitors. <b>e</b>, Expression of representative fungal peptidases in a co-expression module (module 2 in Supplementary Fig. 16) showing synergistic effects when both plant and insect prey are present. Asterisks indicate significantly upregulated expression between holobiont digestion and either the digestion or the coexistence phase. tpm, transcript per million. Source data</div>
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||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
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|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig. 6. Interactions within the <i> D. spatulata… </i> </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
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|
||
|
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<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Fig. 6. Interactions within the <i> D. spatulata </i> – <i> A. crateriforme </i> holobiont. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> A schematic diagram of a <i> D.… </i> </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-5" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Fig. 6. Interactions within the <i>D. spatulata</i>–<i>A. crateriforme</i> holobiont.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">A schematic diagram of a <i>D. spatulata</i> stalk gland and an <i>A. crateriforme</i> conidiophore with a summary of gene expression changes identified in this study. Genes that are co-expressed in different phases are shown multiple times.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
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|
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|
||
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|
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|
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<a class="figure-link"
|
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href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/062c80cecad4/41564_2024_1766_Fig7_ESM.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
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|
||
role="button"
|
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data-image-width="722"
|
||
data-image-height="840"
|
||
data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 1"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC11445062"
|
||
data-figure-id="Fig7">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-6"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/03e83e7ea1e8/41564_2024_1766_Fig7_ESM.gif"
|
||
alt="Extended Data Fig. 1" />
|
||
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|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="722">
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 1. Abundance and spatial… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 1. Abundance and spatial distribution of <i> Acrodontium crateriforme </i> in a. Taiwan, b.… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-6" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Extended Data Fig. 1. Abundance and spatial distribution of <i>Acrodontium crateriforme</i> in a. Taiwan, b. USA and c. UK.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Pie chart denote relative abundance of fungal OTUs. Source data</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item tail"
|
||
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|
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|
||
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|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/044c409e8198/41564_2024_1766_Fig8_ESM.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-7"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="722"
|
||
data-image-height="834"
|
||
data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 2"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC11445062"
|
||
data-figure-id="Fig8">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-7"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/8fdf1b4b0129/41564_2024_1766_Fig8_ESM.gif"
|
||
alt="Extended Data Fig. 2" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="722">
|
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<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="834">
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|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 2. ITS phylogeny of… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 2. ITS phylogeny of <i> Acrodontium crateriforme </i> and <i> Phoma herbarum. </i> </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Photo shows the… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-7" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Extended Data Fig. 2. ITS phylogeny of <i>Acrodontium crateriforme</i> and <i>Phoma herbarum.</i>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Photo shows the morphology of <b>a</b>. <i>A. crateriforme</i> and <b>b</b>. <i>P. herbarum</i> grown in potato dextrose agar. Red colour represents the consensus sequence of the <b>c</b>. <i>Acrodontium</i> and <b>d</b>. <i>Phoma</i> OTU from amplicon data. Brown colour represent sequences of strains that were isolated from <i>Drosera spatulata</i> mucilage.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item tail"
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
data-label-slug="extended-data-fig-3">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/69cd7a0ee4c5/41564_2024_1766_Fig9_ESM.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-8"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="722"
|
||
data-image-height="619"
|
||
data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 3"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC11445062"
|
||
data-figure-id="Fig9">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-8"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/6c8981b54dc4/41564_2024_1766_Fig9_ESM.gif"
|
||
alt="Extended Data Fig. 3" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<meta itemprop="width" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="722">
|
||
<meta itemprop="height" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" content="619">
|
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|
||
<div class="figure-caption figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="caption" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 3. Scanning electron microscope… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 3. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of <i> Drosera spatulata </i> sundew leaves. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b> a-c… </b></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-8" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Extended Data Fig. 3. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of <i>Drosera spatulata</i> sundew leaves.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a-c</b>. laboratory material grown under sterile, axenic conditions without fungi or bacteria, <b>d-f</b>. laboratory materials inoculated with <i>A. crateriforme</i> fungus, and <b>g-i</b>. collected from wild. Each condition was repeated once and images were re-taken with similar results.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item tail"
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
data-label-slug="extended-data-fig-4">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/9cf5609b9cc7/41564_2024_1766_Fig10_ESM.jpg"
|
||
itemprop="contentUrl"
|
||
aria-describedby="figure-caption-9"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="768"
|
||
data-image-height="539"
|
||
data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 4"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC11445062"
|
||
data-figure-id="Fig10">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-9"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/4cd657d11781/41564_2024_1766_Fig10_ESM.gif"
|
||
alt="Extended Data Fig. 4" />
|
||
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|
||
|
||
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 4. Infected areas of… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 4. Infected areas of <i> D. spatulata </i> one month after post-inoculation with <i> A.… </i> </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-9" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Extended Data Fig. 4. Infected areas of <i>D. spatulata</i> one month after post-inoculation with <i>A. crateriforme</i> or <i>Ph. herbarum.</i>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>. Each set consist of wilted area calculated from 10 plants (Wilcoxon rank sum test; two sided, *<i>P</i> < 0.05. **<i>P</i> < 0.01, ***<i>P</i> < 0.001). Data are presented as mean values ± SD. <b>b</b>. A photo showing wilt of <i>D. spatulata</i> as a result of inoculating <i>Ph. herbarum</i>. Source data</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item tail"
|
||
itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
data-label-slug="extended-data-fig-5">
|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/afa891065b30/41564_2024_1766_Fig11_ESM.jpg"
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="722"
|
||
data-image-height="282"
|
||
data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 5"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC11445062"
|
||
data-figure-id="Fig11">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-10"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/92c8c5a0c291/41564_2024_1766_Fig11_ESM.gif"
|
||
alt="Extended Data Fig. 5" />
|
||
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|
||
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 5. Re-opening time of… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 5. Re-opening time of sundew traps grown one month after different inoculum… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<figcaption id="figure-caption-10" class="figure-caption-full figure-caption-text" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="description">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Extended Data Fig. 5. Re-opening time of sundew traps grown one month after different inoculum and fed with different substrates/stimulation.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><b>a</b>. Treatment without proteinase inhibitor. <b>b</b>. Treatment with proteinase inhibitor. Asterisk denote P values from Wilcoxon-rank sum test (two sided, * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001). + and – denote presence and absence of treatment, respectively. The centre line represents the median, with the upper and lower bounds of the box representing the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 × i.q.r. Source data</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figure>
|
||
|
||
<figure class="figure-item tail"
|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
||
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|
||
<a class="figure-link"
|
||
href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/ccd8b1cca767/41564_2024_1766_Fig12_ESM.jpg"
|
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|
||
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|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-image-width="730"
|
||
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|
||
data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 6"
|
||
data-pmc-id="PMC11445062"
|
||
data-figure-id="Fig12">
|
||
<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
|
||
id="article-image-11"
|
||
src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/642f2d63b94b/41564_2024_1766_Fig12_ESM.gif"
|
||
alt="Extended Data Fig. 6" />
|
||
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|
||
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="caption-wrap">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 6. Another two batches… </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-medium figure-caption-text" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 6. Another two batches ( <b> a. </b> and <b> b. </b> ) of digestion experiment. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Application of… </p></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
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<strong class="figure-label">
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Extended Data Fig. 6. Another two batches (<b>a.</b> and <b>b.</b>) of digestion experiment.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Application of biotin-labelled BSA as a protein substrate during 16 and 24 h of sundew digestion using collected mucilage from sundews inoculated with different inoculum. (<b>a</b>: n=3, <b>b</b>: n=5, biological measurements; Wilcoxon rank sum test with multiple testing; two sided, * adjusted P<0.05.) The centre line represents the median, with the upper and lower bounds of the box representing the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers extend to 1.5 × i.q.r. Source data</div>
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data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 7"
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data-figure-id="Fig13">
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<img class="figure-thumb" itemprop="thumbnail"
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src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c7fa/11445062/7ba6fcfe52db/41564_2024_1766_Fig13_ESM.gif"
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alt="Extended Data Fig. 7" />
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Extended Data Fig. 7. <i> Acrodontium </i> phylogeny with… </p>
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Extended Data Fig. 7. <i> Acrodontium </i> phylogeny with orthogroup (OG) losses and gene number. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The blue… </p></div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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Extended Data Fig. 7. <i>Acrodontium</i> phylogeny with orthogroup (OG) losses and gene number.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">The blue circles on phylogeny described the loss OG number at each node. The heatmaps showed gene numbers of OGs in representative species. <i>A. crateriforme</i> was inferred to loss these OGs. Source data</div>
|
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<p> Extended Data Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of… </p>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Extended Data Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of different treatments used in the experiment for RNAseq. </p>
|
||
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|
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<strong class="figure-label">
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Extended Data Fig. 8. Schematic diagram of different treatments used in the experiment for RNAseq.
|
||
</strong>
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Green numbers and letters denote different treatments and transcriptome comparisons. Blue letters denote treatment. Details of preparation of sterile plants and incubation after inoculation are shown in Methods and Supplementary Methods.</div>
|
||
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data-image-alt="Extended Data Fig. 9"
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data-figure-id="Fig15">
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<p> Extended Data Fig. 9. Fungal growth on… </p>
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||
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||
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<strong class="figure-label">
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|
||
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||
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|
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|
||
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<strong class="figure-label">
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||
Extended Data Fig. 9. Fungal growth on remains of dead arthropod (covered by evenly spread hairs) on wild <i>Drosera spatulata.</i>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Fungal hyphae indicated by white arrowheads, two conidiophores of <i>Acrodontium crateriforme</i> by red arrows.</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</figcaption>
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A novel insight into the cost-benefit model for the evolution of botanical carnivory.
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<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
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<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Pavlovič A, Saganová M.</span>
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|
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|
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<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Pavlovič A, et al.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Ann Bot. 2015 Jun;115(7):1075-92. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcv050. Epub 2015 May 6.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Ann Bot. 2015.</span>
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">25948113</span></span>
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<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
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<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
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Freund, M. et al. The digestive systems of carnivorous plants. Plant Physiol.190, 44–59 (2022).
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Alessandri, G., Rizzo, S. M., Ossiprandi, M. C., van Sinderen, D. & Ventura, M. Creating an atlas to visualize the biodiversity of the mammalian gut microbiota. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.73, 28–33 (2022).
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Sirová, D. et al. Microbial community development in the traps of aquatic Utricularia species. Aquat. Bot.90, 129–136 (2009).
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Fungi / classification"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Fungi%2Fclassification%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Fungi%2Fclassification%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Fungi/classification"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Fungi / classification">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Fungi"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Fungi / classification">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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data-search-term=""Fungi/classification"[MeSH]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Fungi / genetics"
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tabindex="0"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Fungi / genetics
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Fungi / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Fungi%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Fungi%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Fungi/genetics"[MeSH]"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Fungi"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Fungi/genetics"[MeSH]"
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Fungi / metabolism"
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tabindex="0"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Fungi / metabolism
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Fungi / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Fungi%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Fungi%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Fungi/metabolism"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Fungi / metabolism">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Fungi"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Fungi / metabolism">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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data-search-term=""Fungi/metabolism"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Fungi/metabolism"[MeSH]"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Insecta / microbiology"
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tabindex="0"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
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Insecta / microbiology
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Insecta / microbiology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Insecta%2Fmicrobiology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Insecta%2Fmicrobiology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Insecta/microbiology"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Insecta / microbiology">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Insecta"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Insecta/microbiology"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Oxylipins / metabolism"
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tabindex="0"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10"
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aria-expanded="false"
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Oxylipins / metabolism
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10"
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Oxylipins / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Oxylipins%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Oxylipins%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Oxylipins/metabolism"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Oxylipins"
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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data-search-term=""Oxylipins/metabolism"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Plant Leaves* / metabolism"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-11"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Plant Leaves* / metabolism
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-11"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Plant Leaves* / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Plant+Leaves%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Plant+Leaves%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Plant Leaves/metabolism"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Plant Leaves* / metabolism">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Plant+Leaves"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Plant Leaves* / metabolism">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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role="button"
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data-search-term=""Plant Leaves/metabolism"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Plant Leaves* / microbiology"
|
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tabindex="0"
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-12"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Plant Leaves* / microbiology
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-12"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Plant Leaves* / microbiology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Plant+Leaves%2Fmicrobiology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Plant+Leaves%2Fmicrobiology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Plant Leaves/microbiology"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Plant Leaves* / microbiology">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Plant+Leaves"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Plant Leaves* / microbiology">
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Plant Leaves/microbiology"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Plant Leaves/microbiology"[MAJR]"
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Symbiosis*"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-13"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Symbiosis*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-13"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Symbiosis*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Symbiosis%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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data-href="/?term=%22Symbiosis%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Symbiosis"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Symbiosis*">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Symbiosis"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Symbiosis*">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Symbiosis"[MAJR]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Symbiosis"[MAJR]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Transcriptome"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-14"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Transcriptome
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-14"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Transcriptome"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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href="/?term=%22Transcriptome%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Transcriptome%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Transcriptome"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Transcriptome">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Transcriptome"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Transcriptome">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Transcriptome"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Transcriptome"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
Substances
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword jasmonic acid"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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jasmonic acid
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword jasmonic acid"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22jasmonic+acid%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22jasmonic+acid%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="jasmonic acid"[nm]"
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="substance"
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data-ga-label="jasmonic acid">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22jasmonic+acid%22"
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data-ga-label="jasmonic acid">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""jasmonic acid"[nm]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""jasmonic acid"[nm]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Oxylipins"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Oxylipins
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Oxylipins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Oxylipins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Oxylipins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Oxylipins"[nm]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="substance"
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data-ga-label="Oxylipins">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
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