nih-gov/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/index.html

3801 lines
No EOL
146 KiB
HTML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" >
<head itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#" >
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<!-- Mobile properties -->
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="True">
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="320">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.ba8099dd2df4.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.452c70ce66f7.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.7bf600913d6e.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/css/output.0bfa59184c7a.css" type="text/css">
<title>A &quot;lymphokine-like&quot; soluble product that induces proliferation and maturation of B cells appears in the serum-free supernatant of a T cell hybridoma as a consequence of mycoplasmal contamination - PubMed</title>
<link rel="preload" as="font" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/uswds/dist/fonts/merriweather-bold-webfont.woff2" type="font/woff2" crossorigin />
<!-- Favicons -->
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/ico" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon.ico" />
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon.png" />
<!-- 192x192, as recommended for Android
http://updates.html5rocks.com/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android
-->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-192.png" />
<!-- 57x57 (precomposed) for iPhone 3GS, pre-2011 iPod Touch and older Android devices -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png">
<!-- 72x72 (precomposed) for 1st generation iPad, iPad 2 and iPad mini -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-72.png">
<!-- 114x114 (precomposed) for iPhone 4, 4S, 5 and post-2011 iPod Touch -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-114.png">
<!-- 144x144 (precomposed) for iPad 3rd and 4th generation -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/favicons/favicon-144.png">
<!-- For Pinger + Google Optimize integration (NS-820) -->
<meta name="ncbi_sg_optimize_id" content="">
<!-- Mobile browser address bar color -->
<meta name="theme-color" content="#20558a">
<!-- Preserve the Referrer when going from HTTPS to HTTP -->
<meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin">
<meta name="ncbi_pinger_gtm_track" content="true"/>
<!-- Logging params: Pinger defaults -->
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="pubmed" />
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="pubmed" />
<meta name="ncbi_phid" content="6D440001559903B5000028D412F75321.1.m_6" />
<meta name="ncbi_pinger_stat_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/stat" />
<meta name="log_category" content="literature" />
<meta name="ncbi_cost_center" content="pubmed" />
<!-- Logging params: Pinger custom -->
<meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="abstract" />
<meta name="log_op" content="retrieve" />
<meta name="uid" content="3871110" />
<meta name="ncbi_uid" content="3871110" />
<meta name="log_displayeduids" content="3871110" />
<meta name="log_source_db" content="pubmed" />
<meta name="ncbi_search_id" content="gP9syYp89s-HIaRj8aB12A:05e4d551fc7e939560652289fb24ec76" />
<meta name="ncbi_adj_nav_search_id" content="LVw0Ya402nTbNPty3sY9pQ:e77d2e178129b88130169ac42ab34dc4" />
<!-- Social meta tags for unfurling urls -->
<meta name="description" content="The serum-free supernatant of a cloned murine T cell hybridoma supports the proliferation and maturation to Ig secretion of purified B cells (mu+ cells) from BALB/c nu/nu mice, but has no effect on the proliferation of nylon wool-selected BALB/c nu/+ splenic T cells. Although the supernatant activat …"><meta name="keywords" content="pmid:3871110, J J Proust, M A Buchholz, A A Nordin, Animals, B-Lymphocytes / cytology, B-Lymphocytes / immunology*, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Female, Flow Cytometry, Hybridomas / immunology, Interleukin-2 / immunology, Lymphocyte Activation*, Lymphokines / isolation &amp; purification*, Mice, Mice, Nude, Mycoplasma / immunology*, T-Lymphocytes / cytology, T-Lymphocytes / immunology*, PubMed Abstract, NIH, NLM, NCBI, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE"><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive"><meta property="og:title" content="A &quot;lymphokine-like&quot; soluble product that induces proliferation and maturation of B cells appears in the serum-free supernatant of a T cell hybridoma as a consequence of mycoplasmal contamination - PubMed"><meta property="og:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/"><meta property="og:description" content="The serum-free supernatant of a cloned murine T cell hybridoma supports the proliferation and maturation to Ig secretion of purified B cells (mu+ cells) from BALB/c nu/nu mice, but has no effect on the proliferation of nylon wool-selected BALB/c nu/+ splenic T cells. Although the supernatant activat …"><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:site_name" content="PubMed"><meta name="twitter:domain" content="pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:title" content="A &quot;lymphokine-like&quot; soluble product that induces proliferation and maturation of B cells appears in the serum-free supernatant of a T cell hybridoma as a consequence of mycoplasmal contamination - PubMed"><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/"><meta name="twitter:description" content="The serum-free supernatant of a cloned murine T cell hybridoma supports the proliferation and maturation to Ig secretion of purified B cells (mu+ cells) from BALB/c nu/nu mice, but has no effect on the proliferation of nylon wool-selected BALB/c nu/+ splenic T cells. Although the supernatant activat …"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg">
<!-- OpenSearch XML -->
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/opensearch.xml" title="PubMed search">
<!-- Disables severely broken elements when no JS -->
<noscript>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/no-script.css">
</noscript>
<meta name="citation_title" content="A &quot;lymphokine-like&quot; soluble product that induces proliferation and maturation of B cells appears in the serum-free supernatant of a T cell hybridoma as a consequence of mycoplasmal contamination">
<meta name="citation_authors" content="Proust JJ;Buchholz MA;Nordin AA;">
<meta name="citation_date" content="1985 Jan">
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="J Immunol">
<meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)">
<meta name="citation_pmid" content="3871110">
<meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/">
<meta name="citation_volume" content="134">
<meta name="citation_issue" content="1">
<meta name="citation_doi" content="">
<meta name="citation_issn" content="0022-1767">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/" />
</head>
<body >
<noscript>
<div class="no-script-banner" id="no-script-banner">
<div class="warning-message">
<div class="warning-message-text">
This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features!
</div>
</div>
</div>
</noscript>
<div class="no-session-banner" id="no-session-banner" hidden>
<div class="warning-message">
<div class="warning-message-text">
Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable.
</div>
<button class="close-banner-button"
title="Close Clipboard and Search History not available warning banner"
ref="linksrc=close_no_session_banner"
aria-controls="no-session-banner"
aria-label="Close Clipboard and Search History not available warning banner"
aria-expanded="true">
</button>
</div>
</div>
<a class="usa-skipnav" href="#article-details">
Skip to main page content
</a>
<!-- ========== BEGIN HEADER ========== -->
<section class="usa-banner">
<div class="usa-accordion">
<header class="usa-banner-header">
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
<button
class="usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="gov-banner-top"
>
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
</button>
</div>
</header>
<div
class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content"
id="gov-banner-top"
>
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
<img
class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img"
src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg"
alt="Dot gov"
/>
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p>
<strong>The .gov means its official.</strong>
<br />
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal
government site.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
<img
class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img"
src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg"
alt="Https"
/>
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
<p>
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
<br />
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
and transmitted securely.
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
<div class="usa-grid">
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none"
aria-controls="account_popup">
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true"></span>
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu"><span class="fa fa-times"></span><span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
<h4>Account</h4>
</div>
<div class="account-user-info">
Logged in as:<br/>
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
</div>
<div class="account-links">
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
</div>
<section data-section="Alerts">
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
</section>
<!-- ========== END HEADER ========== -->
<a id="maincontent" aria-label="Main page content below" role="navigation"></a>
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<form action="/" method="get" autocomplete="off" class="usa-search usa-search-big search-form content-page-layout" id="search-form" role="search">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<a class="pubmed-logo"
aria-label="Pubmed Logo"
href="/"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="pubmed_logo">
<img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg" alt="pubmed logo" />
</a>
<a href="#" class="search-input-trigger" data-alt-title="Hide search bar" title="Show search bar" aria-label="Show search bar">
</a>
<div role="search" class="search-input">
<div class="form-field ">
<label class="usa-sr-only" for="id_term">
Search:
</label>
<input
type="search"
name="term"
data-skip-ie-scroll-to-top=""
data-replace-term-with-exact=""
data-exact-query=""
placeholder=""
class="term-input"
required="required"
id="id_term"/><a href="#" class="clear-btn" aria-label="Clear search input" title="Clear search input" role="button" data-pinger-ignore></a><button type="submit" class="search-btn" aria-label="Search" disabled data-pinger-ignore><span class="usa-search-submit-text">Search</span></button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Create alert and Create RSS are buttons that look like links -->
<!-- Better for them to look like buttons but no space -->
<div class="search-links-wrapper content-page-layout">
<div class="search-links">
<a href="/advanced/"
class="search-input-link adv-search-link"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="adv_search">Advanced</a>
<a href="/clipboard/"
class="search-input-link clipboard-link hidden"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="clipboard">
Clipboard <span class="amount-in-clipboard"></span>
</a>
</div>
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
<a href="/help/"
data-ga-category="featured_link"
data-ga-action="user_guide">
User Guide
</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<div id="article-page-header">
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<div class="actions-container">
<div class="return-to-search">
</div>
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
type="button"
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="save"
data-ga-label="open">
Save
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
type="button"
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="email"
data-ga-label="open">
Email
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
type="button"
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
aria-label="Send to"
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
href="#"
role="button"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="clipboard"
data-ga-label="send">
Clipboard
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F3871110%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F3871110%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
<button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
<div class="title">
Display options
</div>
<div class="content">
<div class="format-container">
<span class="option-label">
Format
</span>
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Save citation to file
</h2>
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
class="action-panel-content action-form"
action="/results-export-ids/"
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
method="post"
data-by-search-method="post"
data-by-ids-method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
Format:
</label>
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Saving..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="save"
data-ga-label="save">
Create file
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="save"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="email-action-panel"
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
aria-hidden="true"
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Email citation
</h2>
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
class="action-panel-content action-form"
action="/send-email/"
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
data-by-search-method="post"
data-by-ids-method="post"
method="post"
>
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<span class="action-panel-label">
Subject:
</span>
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 3871110 - PubMed</span>
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 3871110"/>
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="3853298821e38223d38a60a9184bf1a5a7f3fc8690a0ca902ec4f6e85e85eb91"/>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
To:
</label>
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
From:
</label>
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
Format:
</label>
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
</div>
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
</div>
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Sending..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="email"
data-ga-label="send">
Send email
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="email"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="collections-action-panel"
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
aria-hidden="true"
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
Add to Collections
</h3>
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
<ul class="radio-group-items">
<li>
<input type="radio"
id="collections-action-panel-new"
class="collections-new"
name="collections"
value="new"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
</li>
<li>
<input type="radio"
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
class="collections-existing"
name="collections"
value="existing"
checked="true"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="controls-wrapper">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Name your collection:
</label>
<input
type="text"
name="add-to-new-collection"
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/"
maxlength="100"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="create_collection"
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Name must be less than 100 characters
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
Choose a collection:
</label>
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="select_collection"
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
</select>
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Adding..."
data-pinger-ignore
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="add">
Add
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="collections"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
aria-hidden="true"
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
Add to My Bibliography
</h3>
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
<div class="choice-group">
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
<li>
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Adding..."
data-pinger-ignore>
Add
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="mybib"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Your saved search
</h2>
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
Name of saved search:
</label>
<input maxlength="200"
type="text"
name="saved-search-name"
id="saved-search-name"
class="saved-search-name"
value=""
required
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/">
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Search terms:
</label>
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
</div>
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
</div>
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
Would you like email updates of new search results?
</span>
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
<ul class="radio-group-items">
<li>
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
</li>
<li>
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
</li>
</ul>
</fieldset>
</div>
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label class="action-panel-label">
Email:
</label>
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
Frequency:
</label>
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
Which day?
</label>
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
<option value="day">The first day</option>
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
Which day?
</label>
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
Report format:
</label>
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
Send at most:
</label>
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
<option value="1">1 item</option>
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
<option value="10">10 items</option>
<option value="20">20 items</option>
<option value="50">50 items</option>
<option value="100">100 items</option>
<option value="200">200 items</option>
</select>
</div>
<div>
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
Send even when there aren't any new results
</label>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
Optional text in email:
</label>
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
id="saved-search-email-text"
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Saving..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="save">
Save
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Create a file for external citation management software
</h2>
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
class="action-panel-content action-form"
action="/results-export-ids/"
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
method="post"
data-by-search-method="post"
data-by-ids-method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Sending..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
data-ga-label="save">
Create file
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
Your RSS Feed
</h2>
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
data-search-form-term-value="">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Name of RSS Feed:
</label>
<input maxlength="200"
placeholder="Name"
type="text"
name="rss-name"
id="rss-name"
class="rss-name"
value=''
required
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/">
</div>
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
Number of items displayed:
</label>
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
<option value="5">5</option>
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
<option value="20">20</option>
<option value="50">50</option>
<option value="100">100</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-actions">
<button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Creating..."
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="save">
Create RSS
</button>
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="alert"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button>
</div>
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
<button
type="button"
disabled
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="rss"
data-ga-label="copy">
Copy
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="3871110">
<aside class="page-sidebar">
<div class="inner-wrap">
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="open"
data-all-citations-url="/3871110/citations/"
data-citation-style="nlm"
data-pubmed-format-link="/3871110/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="3871110" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="collections_button"
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F3871110%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
class="dialog collections-dialog"
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
class="collections-new"
name="collections"
value="new"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
class="collections-existing"
name="collections"
value="existing"
checked="true"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
Name your collection:
</label><input
type="text"
name="add-to-new-collection"
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
pattern="[^&quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: &quot;&amp;=&lt;&gt;/"
maxlength="100"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="create_collection"
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Name must be less than 100 characters
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
Choose a collection:
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="select_collection"
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
type="submit"
data-loading-label="Adding..."
data-pinger-ignore
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="add">
Add
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
aria-expanded="false"
data-ga-category="collections_button"
data-ga-action="click"
data-ga-label="cancel">
Cancel
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
Display options
</div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label">
Format
</span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="sidebar-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<div class="social-sharing">
<h3 class="title">
Share
</h3>
<ul class="social-sharing-links usa-unstyled-list">
<li>
<a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=A%20%22lymphokine-like%22%20soluble%20product%20that%20induces%20proliferation%20and%20maturation%20of%20B%20cells%20appears%20in%20the%20serum-free%20%E2%80%A6%20https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/"
class="share-link share-link-twitter"
rel="noreferrer noopener"
target="Pubmed-Social-Media-Share-Popup"
title="Share article on Twitter"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="social"
data-ga-label="twitter"></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/"
class="share-link share-link-facebook"
rel="noreferrer noopener"
target="Pubmed-Social-Media-Share-Popup"
title="Share article on Facebook"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="social"
data-ga-label="fb"></a>
</li>
<li>
<div class="share-permalink">
<button class="trigger"
title="Show article permalink"
ref="linksrc=show_permalink_btn">
</button>
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
<div class="title">
Permalink
</div>
<div class="content">
<input type="text"
class="permalink-text"
value="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/"
aria-label="Article permalink"/><button class="permalink-copy-button usa-button-primary"
title="Copy article permalink"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="link"
data-ga-label="copy_link"><span class="button-title">Copy</span></button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<nav class="page-navigator" role="navigation" aria-label="Page navigation">
<div class="full-view">
<h3 class="title">
Page navigation
</h3>
<ul class="items-list">
<li class="heading ">
<a href="#heading"
aria-label="navigate to Title &amp; authors section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="heading">
Title &amp; authors
</a>
</li>
<li class="abstract ">
<a href="#abstract"
aria-label="navigate to Abstract section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="abstract">
Abstract
</a>
</li>
<li class="similar ">
<a href="#similar"
aria-label="navigate to Similar articles section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="similar">
Similar articles
</a>
</li>
<li class="citedby ">
<a href="#citedby"
aria-label="navigate to Cited by section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="citedby">
Cited by
</a>
</li>
<li class="mesh-terms ">
<a href="#mesh-terms"
aria-label="navigate to MeSH terms section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="mesh-terms">
MeSH terms
</a>
</li>
<li class="substances ">
<a href="#substances"
aria-label="navigate to Substances section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="substances">
Substances
</a>
</li>
<li class="related-links ">
<a href="#related-links"
aria-label="navigate to Related information section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="related-links">
Related information
</a>
</li>
<li class="linkout ">
<a href="#linkout"
aria-label="navigate to LinkOut - more resources section"
data-ga-category="page_nav"
data-ga-action="linkout">
LinkOut - more resources
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<select class="short-view" autocomplete="off" title="navigate to selected section" aria-label="Navigate to page section">
<option value="heading">Title &amp; authors</option>
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="similar">Similar articles</option>
<option value="citedby">Cited by</option>
<option value="mesh-terms">MeSH terms</option>
<option value="substances">Substances</option>
<option value="related-links">Related information</option>
<option value="linkout">LinkOut - more resources</option>
</select>
</nav>
</div>
</aside>
<main class="article-details" id="article-details">
<!-- "Filters applied" shows only when page is redirected from search -->
<!-- because search found one result -->
<header class="heading" id="heading">
<div class="full-view" id="full-view-heading">
<div class="article-citation">
<div class="article-source">
<div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="full-view-journal-trigger"
class="journal-actions-trigger trigger"
ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn"
title="Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="full-view-journal"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"
data-pinger-ignore>
J Immunol
</button><div id="full-view-journal"
class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22J+Immunol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22J+Immunol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&amp;journal_abbrev=J Immunol"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="J Immunol">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22J+Immunol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D"
data-ga-category="search_catalog"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="J Immunol">
Search in NLM Catalog
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term='"J Immunol"[jour]'
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label='"J Immunol"[jour]'
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">1985 Jan;134(1):390-6.</span>
</div>
</div>
<h1 class="heading-title">
A &quot;lymphokine-like&quot; soluble product that induces proliferation and maturation of B cells appears in the serum-free supernatant of a T cell hybridoma as a consequence of mycoplasmal contamination
</h1>
<div class="inline-authors">
<div class="authors">
<div class="authors-list">
<span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Proust+JJ&amp;cauthor_id=3871110"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="J J Proust">J J Proust</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Buchholz+MA&amp;cauthor_id=3871110"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="M A Buchholz">M A Buchholz</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Nordin+AA&amp;cauthor_id=3871110"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="A A Nordin">A A Nordin</a></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true">
</div>
<ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers">
<li>
<span class="identifier pubmed">
<span class="id-label">
PMID:
</span>
<strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">3871110</strong>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden>
Item in Clipboard
</div>
</div>
<div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading">
<h1 class="heading-title">
A &quot;lymphokine-like&quot; soluble product that induces proliferation and maturation of B cells appears in the serum-free supernatant of a T cell hybridoma as a consequence of mycoplasmal contamination
</h1>
<div class="short-citation">
<span class="authors-list">
<span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">J J Proust</span><span class="citation-separator">&nbsp;et al.</span></span>
</span>
<span class="citation-journal">
J Immunol<span class="citation-separator">.</span>
</span>
<span class="date">
<span class="citation-year">1985 Jan</span><span class="citation-separator">.</span>
</span>
</div>
<div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings">
<button class="more-article-details"
id="toggle-article-details"
data-alt-text="Hide details"
ref="linksrc=toggle_article_details"
aria-controls="full-article-details"
aria-expanded="false"
data-fetch-url="/3871110/long-authors/"
data-id-prefix="">
<span class="title">Show details</span>
</button>
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
<button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
</button>
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
<div class="title">
Display options
</div>
<div class="content">
<div class="format-container">
<span class="option-label">
Format
</span>
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="mobile-display-format">
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="extended-article-details" id="full-article-details" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="article-citation">
<div class="article-source">
<div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="short-view-journal-trigger"
class="journal-actions-trigger trigger"
ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn"
title="Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="short-view-journal"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"
data-pinger-ignore>
J Immunol
</button><div id="short-view-journal"
class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22J+Immunol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22J+Immunol%22%5Bjour%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&amp;journal_abbrev=J Immunol"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="J Immunol">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22J+Immunol%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D"
data-ga-category="search_catalog"
data-ga-action="journal_link"
data-ga-label="J Immunol">
Search in NLM Catalog
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term='"J Immunol"[jour]'
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label='"J Immunol"[jour]'
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">1985 Jan;134(1):390-6.</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="expanded-authors" id="short-view-expanded-authors">
<div class="authors">
<h3 class="title">
Authors
</h3>
<div class="authors-list">
<span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Proust+JJ&amp;cauthor_id=3871110"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="J J Proust">J J Proust</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Buchholz+MA&amp;cauthor_id=3871110"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="M A Buchholz">M A Buchholz</a><span class="comma">,&nbsp;</span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
href="/?term=Nordin+AA&amp;cauthor_id=3871110"
ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="author_link"
data-ga-label="A A Nordin">A A Nordin</a></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers">
<li>
<span class="identifier pubmed">
<span class="id-label">
PMID:
</span>
<strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">3871110</strong>
</span>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden>
Item in Clipboard
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="open"
data-all-citations-url="/3871110/citations/"
data-citation-style="nlm"
data-pubmed-format-link="/3871110/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
data-default-format-value="abstract"
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
class="trigger usa-button"
title="Change format"
data-ga-category="display_options"
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
Display options
</div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label">
Format
</span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<div class="abstract" id="abstract">
<h2 class="title">
Abstract
</h2>
<div class="abstract-content selected"
id="eng-abstract">
<p>
The serum-free supernatant of a cloned murine T cell hybridoma supports the proliferation and maturation to Ig secretion of purified B cells (mu+ cells) from BALB/c nu/nu mice, but has no effect on the proliferation of nylon wool-selected BALB/c nu/+ splenic T cells. Although the supernatant activates B cells without co-stimulation, it synergizes with anti-mu for the proliferative response. The induction of B cell proliferation and maturation to Ig secretion is directly related to contamination of the hybridoma by Mycoplasma hyorhinis. Hybridoma cells freed of mycoplasma by detergent treatment fail to produce active supernatant, and reinfection of the treated cells reconstitutes the activity. Furthermore, deliberate infection of a mycoplasma-free unrelated T cell hybridoma, as well as the monocytic cell line P388D1, results in the production of supernatants with B cell proliferating activity. Mycoplasma organisms isolated from the supernatant induce B cell proliferation without subsequent maturation to Ig secretion. Gel filtration chromatography of the supernatant from mycoplasma-contaminated hybridoma cells yields two peaks of activity. The first peak, found at the exclusion limit of the gel, results in B cell proliferation without maturation and may be attributed to mycoplasma organisms. The second peak (average m.w. 90,000) results in B cell proliferation as well as differentiation to Ig secretion. A "lymphokine-like" soluble product released by Mycoplasma hyorhinis is most likely responsible for this B cell activation, because fractionation of the supernatant from deliberately contaminated P388D1 cells gives essentially the same results, and gel filtration of mycoplasma-free supernatants does not generate any active fractions. The possibility should be considered that mycoplasma-derived soluble products may be among the many factors controlling in vitro B cell growth and maturation.
</p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer">
<a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" data-ga-category="literature_resources"
data-ga-action="disclaimer_link" data-ga-label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a>
</p>
<div class="similar-articles" id="similar">
<h2 class="title">
Similar articles
</h2>
<ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list">
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/6806371/"
ref="article_id=6806371&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="6806371"
data-ga-label="">
Separable helper factors support B cell proliferation and maturation to Ig secretion.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Parker DC.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Parker DC.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Immunol. 1982 Aug;129(2):469-74.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Immunol. 1982.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">6806371</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/3872907/"
ref="article_id=3872907&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=2"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="3872907"
data-ga-label="">
BCGFII activity on activated B cells of a purified murine T cell-replacing factor (TRF) from a T cell hybridoma (B151K12).
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Harada N, Kikuchi Y, Tominaga A, Takaki S, Takatsu K.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Harada N, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Immunol. 1985 Jun;134(6):3944-51.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Immunol. 1985.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">3872907</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/3489779/"
ref="article_id=3489779&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=3"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="3489779"
data-ga-label="">
Production of BSF-1 during an in vivo, T-dependent immune response.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Finkelman FD, Ohara J, Goroff DK, Smith J, Villacreses N, Mond JJ, Paul WE.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Finkelman FD, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Immunol. 1986 Nov 1;137(9):2878-85.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Immunol. 1986.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">3489779</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/6354067/"
ref="article_id=6354067&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=4"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="6354067"
data-ga-label="">
Signals in B lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Schimpl A.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Schimpl A.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Ann Immunol (Paris). 1983 Jul-Aug;134D(1):143-53.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Ann Immunol (Paris). 1983.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">6354067</span></span>
<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/6354068/"
ref="article_id=6354068&amp;linksrc=similar_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=5"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="6354068"
data-ga-label="">
Studies on B-cell activation in vitro.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Melchers F, Corbel C.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Melchers F, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Ann Immunol (Paris). 1983 Jul-Aug;134D(1):63-73. doi: 10.1016/s0769-2625(83)80057-9.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Ann Immunol (Paris). 1983.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">6354068</span></span>
<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="actions-bar">
<a
class="show-all-linked-articles"
data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=3871110"
data-ga-category="similar_article"
data-ga-action="show_all"
>
See all similar articles
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="citedby-articles" id="citedby">
<h2 class="title">
Cited by
</h2>
<ul class="articles-list" id="citedby-articles-list">
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/3495482/"
ref="article_id=3495482&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=1"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="3495482"
data-ga-label="">
T-24.B-cell differentiation factor induces immunoglobulin secretion in human B cells without prior cell replication.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Gallagher G, Christie JF, Stimson WH, Guy K, Dewar AE.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Gallagher G, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Immunology. 1987 Apr;60(4):523-9.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Immunology. 1987.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">3495482</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/3257204/"
ref="article_id=3257204&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=2"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="3257204"
data-ga-label="">
Suppression of cytotoxic responses by a supernatant factor derived from Mycoplasma hyorhinis-infected mammalian cell lines.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Teh HS, Ho M, Williams LD.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Teh HS, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Infect Immun. 1988 Jan;56(1):197-203. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.1.197-203.1988.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Infect Immun. 1988.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">3257204</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/10678919/"
ref="article_id=10678919&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=3"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="10678919"
data-ga-label="">
Cytokines in Mycoplasma hyorhinis-induced arthritis in pigs bred selectively for high and low immune responses.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Jayagopala Reddy NR, Wilkie BN, Borgs P, Mallard BA.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Jayagopala Reddy NR, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Infect Immun. 2000 Mar;68(3):1150-5. doi: 10.1128/IAI.68.3.1150-1155.2000.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Infect Immun. 2000.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">10678919</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/9841667/"
ref="article_id=9841667&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=4"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="9841667"
data-ga-label="">
Molecular biology and pathogenicity of mycoplasmas.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Razin S, Yogev D, Naot Y.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Razin S, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998 Dec;62(4):1094-156. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.62.4.1094-1156.1998.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1998.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">9841667</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="full-docsum">
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
<a class="docsum-title"
href="/7520421/"
ref="article_id=7520421&amp;linksrc=citedby_articles_link&amp;ordinalpos=5"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="7520421"
data-ga-label="">
A 48-kilodalton Mycoplasma fermentans membrane protein induces cytokine secretion by human monocytes.
</a>
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Kostyal DA, Butler GH, Beezhold DH.</span>
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Kostyal DA, et al.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Infect Immun. 1994 Sep;62(9):3793-800. doi: 10.1128/iai.62.9.3793-3800.1994.</span>
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Infect Immun. 1994.</span>
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">7520421</span></span>
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="actions-bar">
<a
class="show-all-linked-articles"
data-href="/?linkname=pubmed_pubmed_citedin&from_uid=3871110"
data-ga-category="cited_by"
data-ga-action="show_all"
>
See all "Cited by" articles
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="mesh-terms" class="mesh-terms keywords-section">
<h2 class="title">
MeSH terms
</h2>
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Animals"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Animals
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Animals"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Animals&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Animals">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Animals"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Animals">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Animals&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Animals&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword B-Lymphocytes / cytology"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
B-Lymphocytes / cytology
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword B-Lymphocytes / cytology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22B-Lymphocytes%2Fcytology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22B-Lymphocytes%2Fcytology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;B-Lymphocytes/cytology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="B-Lymphocytes / cytology">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=B-Lymphocytes"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="B-Lymphocytes / cytology">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;B-Lymphocytes/cytology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;B-Lymphocytes/cytology&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword B-Lymphocytes / immunology*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-2"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-2"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword B-Lymphocytes / immunology*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22B-Lymphocytes%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22B-Lymphocytes%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;B-Lymphocytes/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="B-Lymphocytes / immunology*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=B-Lymphocytes"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="B-Lymphocytes / immunology*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;B-Lymphocytes/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;B-Lymphocytes/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cell Line"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Cell Line
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cell Line"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Cell+Line%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Cell+Line%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Cell Line&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Cell Line">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Cell+Line"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Cell Line">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Cell Line&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Cell Line&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cells, Cultured"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Cells, Cultured
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cells, Cultured"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Cells%2C+Cultured%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Cells%2C+Cultured%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Cells, Cultured&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Cells, Cultured">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Cells%2C+Cultured"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Cells, Cultured">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Cells, Cultured&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Cells, Cultured&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Culture Media"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Culture Media
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Culture Media"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Culture+Media%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Culture+Media%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Culture Media&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Culture Media">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Culture+Media"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Culture Media">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Culture Media&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Culture Media&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Female"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Female
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Female"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Female%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Female%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Female&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Female">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Female"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Female">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Female&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Female&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Flow Cytometry"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Flow Cytometry
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Flow Cytometry"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Flow+Cytometry%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Flow+Cytometry%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Flow Cytometry&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Flow Cytometry">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Flow+Cytometry"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Flow Cytometry">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Flow Cytometry&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Flow Cytometry&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Hybridomas / immunology"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Hybridomas / immunology
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Hybridomas / immunology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Hybridomas%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Hybridomas%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Hybridomas/immunology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Hybridomas / immunology">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Hybridomas"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Hybridomas / immunology">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Hybridomas/immunology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Hybridomas/immunology&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Interleukin-2 / immunology"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Interleukin-2 / immunology
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Interleukin-2 / immunology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Interleukin-2%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Interleukin-2%2Fimmunology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Interleukin-2/immunology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Interleukin-2 / immunology">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Interleukin-2"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Interleukin-2 / immunology">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Interleukin-2/immunology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Interleukin-2/immunology&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Lymphocyte Activation*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-10"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Lymphocyte Activation*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-10"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Lymphocyte Activation*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Lymphocyte+Activation%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Lymphocyte+Activation%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Lymphocyte Activation&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Lymphocyte Activation*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Lymphocyte+Activation"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Lymphocyte Activation*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Lymphocyte Activation&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Lymphocyte Activation&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Lymphokines / isolation &amp; purification*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-11"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Lymphokines / isolation &amp; purification*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-11"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Lymphokines / isolation &amp; purification*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Lymphokines%2Fisolation+and+purification%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Lymphokines%2Fisolation+and+purification%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Lymphokines/isolation and purification&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Lymphokines / isolation &amp; purification*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Lymphokines"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Lymphokines / isolation &amp; purification*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Lymphokines/isolation and purification&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Lymphokines/isolation and purification&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Mice"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-12"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mice
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-12"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Mice"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mice%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mice%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Mice&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Mice">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mice"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Mice">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Mice&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Mice&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Mice, Nude"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-13"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mice, Nude
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-13"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Mice, Nude"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Nude%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mice%2C+Nude%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Mice, Nude&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Mice, Nude">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mice%2C+Nude"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Mice, Nude">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Mice, Nude&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Mice, Nude&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Mycoplasma / immunology*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-14"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Mycoplasma / immunology*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-14"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Mycoplasma / immunology*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Mycoplasma%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Mycoplasma%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;Mycoplasma/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="Mycoplasma / immunology*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Mycoplasma"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="Mycoplasma / immunology*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Mycoplasma/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Mycoplasma/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword T-Lymphocytes / cytology"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-15"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
T-Lymphocytes / cytology
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-15"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword T-Lymphocytes / cytology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22T-Lymphocytes%2Fcytology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22T-Lymphocytes%2Fcytology%22%5BMeSH%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;T-Lymphocytes/cytology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="T-Lymphocytes / cytology">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=T-Lymphocytes"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="T-Lymphocytes / cytology">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;T-Lymphocytes/cytology&quot;[MeSH]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;T-Lymphocytes/cytology&quot;[MeSH]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword T-Lymphocytes / immunology*"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-16"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-16"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword T-Lymphocytes / immunology*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22T-Lymphocytes%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22T-Lymphocytes%2Fimmunology%22%5BMAJR%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;mesh=&quot;T-Lymphocytes/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
data-ga-label="T-Lymphocytes / immunology*">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=T-Lymphocytes"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
data-ga-label="T-Lymphocytes / immunology*">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;T-Lymphocytes/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;T-Lymphocytes/immunology&quot;[MAJR]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
<h2 class="title">
Substances
</h2>
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Culture Media"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Culture Media
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Culture Media"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Culture+Media%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Culture+Media%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Culture Media&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Culture Media">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Culture+Media%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Culture Media">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Culture Media&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Culture Media&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Interleukin-2"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Interleukin-2
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Interleukin-2"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Interleukin-2%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Interleukin-2%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Interleukin-2&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Interleukin-2">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Interleukin-2%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Interleukin-2">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Interleukin-2&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Interleukin-2&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Lymphokines"
tabindex="0"
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-2"
aria-expanded="false"
data-pinger-ignore>
Lymphokines
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-2"
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
hidden
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Lymphokines"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
href="/?term=%22Lymphokines%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
data-href="/?term=%22Lymphokines%22%5Bnm%5D&amp;sort=date&amp;sort_order=desc"
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&amp;keyword=&quot;Lymphokines&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="substance"
data-ga-label="Lymphokines">
Search in PubMed
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Lymphokines%22"
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
data-ga-action="substance_link"
data-ga-label="Lymphokines">
Search in MeSH
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
role="button"
data-search-term="&quot;Lymphokines&quot;[nm]"
data-ga-category="search"
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
data-ga-label="&quot;Lymphokines&quot;[nm]"
href="#">
Add to Search
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="related-links" class="related-links">
<h2 class="title">
Related information
</h2>
<ul class="related-links-list"><li><a title="PubMed links associated with Books" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books?linkname=pubmed_books_refs&amp;from_uid=3871110"
ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=3871110&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1">
Cited in Books
</a></li></ul>
</div>
<div id="linkout" class="linkout">
<h2 class="title">
LinkOut - more resources
</h2>
<ul class="linkout-list"><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Other Literature Sources</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a
href="https://www.lens.org/lens/search/patent/list?q=reference_cited.npl.ids.pmid:3871110"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=8681&uid=3871110&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=2985117R"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Other Literature Sources"
data-ga-label="The Lens - Patent Citations Database"
>
The Lens - Patent Citations Database
</a></li></ul></li><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Research Materials</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a
href="https://antibodies.cancer.gov/detail/CPTC-PSMA1-1"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
ref="linksrc=linkout_link&PrId=8467&uid=3871110&db=pubmed&itool=Abstract&log$=linkoutlink&nlmid=2985117R"
data-ga-category="link_out"
data-ga-action="Research Materials"
data-ga-label="NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program"
>
NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program
</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div>
</main>
<div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="Citation Dialog">
<div class="dialog citation-dialog">
<button class="close-overlay" tabindex="1">[x]</button>
<div class="title">Cite</div>
<div class="citation-text-block">
<div class="citation-text"></div>
<div class="citation-actions">
<button
class="copy-button dialog-focus"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="copy"
tabindex="2">
Copy
</button>
<form method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="Z4eMP9WiA8NmD3ft7vmjHAbHbXfiOaWNgRYRsZpEaJAQxuljKOZlbIHlJ1XuHLu7">
<button type="submit"
class="export-button"
data-ga-category="save_share"
data-ga-action="cite"
data-ga-label="download"
title="Download a file for external citation management software"
tabindex="3">
<span class="download-title">Download .nbib</span>
<span class="download-title-mobile">.nbib</span>
</button>
</form>
<div class="citation-style-selector-wrapper">
<label class="selector-label">Format:</label>
<select aria-label="Format" class="citation-style-selector" tabindex="4">
<option data-style-url-name="ama"
value="AMA"
>
AMA
</option>
<option data-style-url-name="apa"
value="APA"
>
APA
</option>
<option data-style-url-name="mla"
value="MLA"
>
MLA
</option>
<option data-style-url-name="nlm"
value="NLM"
selected="selected">
NLM
</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="overlay" role="dialog" aria-label="More Actions Dialog">
<div id="more-actions-dialog" class="dialog more-actions-dialog">
<strong class="title">Send To</strong>
<ul class="more-actions-links">
<li><a id="clipboard-trigger" role="button" class="submit-button clipboard-trigger clipboard-trigger-target dialog-focus link-item " href="#">Clipboard</a></li>
<li><a class="email-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Email</a></li>
<li><a class="save-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Save</a></li>
<li><a class="link-item" role="button" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F3871110%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li>
<li><a class="link-item" role="button" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F3871110%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li>
<li><a class="citation-manager-trigger link-item" role="button" href="#">Citation Manager</a></li>
</ul>
<button class="close-overlay">[x]</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="ncbi-footer">
<div class="literature-footer" role="complementary" title="Links to NCBI Literature Resources">
<div class="usa-grid">
<p class="literature-footer-text">NCBI Literature Resources</p>
<p class="literature-footer-text">
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/">MeSH</a>
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="pmc_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/">PMC</a>
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="bookshelf_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books">Bookshelf</a>
<a class="literature-footer-link" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="disclaimer_link" href="/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a>
</p>
<p class="literature-footer-text attribution-statement">The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ========== BEGIN FOOTER ========== -->
<footer>
<section class="icon-section">
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
<div class="grid-container container">
<div class="icon-section_container">
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter">
<svg width="40" height="40" viewBox="0 0 40 37" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<title>Twitter</title>
<g id="twitterx1008">
<path id="path1008"
d="M6.06736 7L16.8778 20.8991L6.00001 32.2H10.2L18.6 23.1L25.668 32.2H34L22.8 17.5L31.9 7H28.4L20.7 15.4L14.401 7H6.06898H6.06736ZM9.66753 8.73423H12.9327L29.7327 30.4658H26.5697L9.66753 8.73423Z"
fill="#5B616B"/>
</g>
</svg>
</a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg
data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<title>Facebook</title>
<path class="cls-11"
d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
</path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin"
href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm"
aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<title>LinkedIn</title>
<path class="cls-11"
d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
</path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg
data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
<defs>
<style>
.cls-11,
.cls-12 {
fill: #737373;
}
.cls-11 {
fill-rule: evenodd;
}
</style>
</defs>
<title>GitHub</title>
<path class="cls-11"
d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
</path>
<path class="cls-12"
d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
</svg></a>
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
<svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 40"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs><path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"/></svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
<div class="container pt-5">
<div class="row mt-3">
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter"
target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
<svg width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 38 35" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<title>Twitter</title>
<g id="twitterx1009" clip-path="url(#clip0_65276_3946)">
<path id="Vector" d="M17.5006 34.6565C26.9761 34.6565 34.6575 26.9751 34.6575 17.4996C34.6575 8.02416 26.9761 0.342773 17.5006 0.342773C8.02514 0.342773 0.34375 8.02416 0.34375 17.4996C0.34375 26.9751 8.02514 34.6565 17.5006 34.6565Z" fill="#205493" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.2" stroke-miterlimit="10"></path>
<path id="path1009" d="M8.54811 8.5L16.2698 18.4279L8.50001 26.5H11.5L17.5 20L22.5486 26.5H28.5L20.5 16L27 8.5H24.5L19 14.5L14.5007 8.5H8.54927H8.54811ZM11.1197 9.73873H13.4519L25.4519 25.2613H23.1926L11.1197 9.73873Z" fill="white"></path>
</g>
<defs>
<clipPath id="clip0_65276_3946">
<rect width="38" height="38" fill="white"></rect>
</clipPath>
</defs>
</svg></a>
</li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine"
aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px"
y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
<style type="text/css">
.st10 {
fill: #FFFFFF;
}
.st110 {
fill: none;
stroke: #FFFFFF;
stroke-width: 8;
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
}
</style>
<title>SM-Facebook</title>
<g>
<g>
<path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9
v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path>
</g>
</g>
<circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle>
</svg>
</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube"
target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249"
style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
<title>SM-Youtube</title>
<style type="text/css">
.st4 {
fill: none;
stroke: #FFFFFF;
stroke-width: 8;
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
}
.st5 {
fill: #FFFFFF;
}
</style>
<circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle>
<g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)">
<path class="st5"
d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7
v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path>
</g>
</svg></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br>
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323"
class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br>
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br>
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office"
class="text-white">FOIA</a><br>
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br>
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br>
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
<nav class="bottom-links">
<ul class="mt-3">
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white"
href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
</li>
<li>
<a
class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</footer>
<!-- ========== END FOOTER ========== -->
<!-- javascript to inject NWDS meta tags. Note: value of nwds_version is updated by "npm version" command -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var nwds_version = "1.2.3";
var meta_nwds_ver = document.createElement('meta');
meta_nwds_ver.name = 'ncbi_nwds_ver';
meta_nwds_ver.content = nwds_version;
document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta_nwds_ver);
var meta_nwds = document.createElement('meta');
meta_nwds.name = 'ncbi_nwds';
meta_nwds.content = 'yes';
document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(meta_nwds);
var alertsUrl = "/core/alerts/alerts.js";
if (typeof ncbiBaseUrl !== 'undefined') {
alertsUrl = ncbiBaseUrl + alertsUrl;
}
</script>
</div>
<!-- jQuery with plugins -->
<script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/js/output.293fbf76aa18.js"></script>
<!-- Project base scripts -->
<script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/js/output.550e9c8906a2.js"></script>
<script>
ncbi.awesome.basePage.init({
userInfo: {
isLoggedIn: false,
username: "",
loginUrl: "https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F3871110%2F",
logoutUrl: "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/signout/?back_url=https%3A//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3871110/"
},
baseUrl: 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov',
noSessionCookieName: "pm-ns",
searchIdCookieName: "pm-sid",
adjNavSearchIdCookieName: "pm-adjnav-sid",
searchFormSubmittedCookieName: "pm-sfs",
isOnSearchPageCookieName: "pm-iosp",
backToSearchCookieName: "pm-btsl",
clinicalSeeAllCookieName: "pm-csa",
jsCookieDomain: "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
userShareRequestFailed: "",
noSharedSettings: "myncbi_no_shared_settings",
noSharedAccount: "myncbi_no_shared_account"
});
</script>
<script type="module">
import dismissableNCBIAlert from "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/dismissable-ncbi-alert.js";
jQuery.getScript("https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/alerts/alerts.js", function () {
galert(['body > *:last-child']);
dismissableNCBIAlert();
}).fail(function() {
});
</script>
<script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/core/pinger/pinger.js"> </script>
<script src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/CACHE/js/output.e3950ac8c6da.js"></script>
<script>
ncbi.awesome.articlePage.init({
baseSuggestionsUrl: "/suggestions/",
mathJaxUrl: "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/mathjax/unpacked/MathJax.js?config=MML_CHTML",
clipboardAPIRoot: "/ajax/clipboard/",
clipboardNextPageUrl: "/clipboard-next-page/",
searchIdCookieName: "pm-sid",
searchFormSubmittedCookieName: "pm-sfs",
backToSearchCookieName: "pm-btsl",
jsCookieDomain: "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
longTermPrefix: "longquery",
adjNavURLPath: "/3871110/adj-nav/",
adjNavSearchIdCookieName: "pm-adjnav-sid",
articlePageUrl: "/3871110/",
markJSUrl: "https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/mark.js/dist/jquery.mark.js",
termHighlightColor: "",
highlightedTokens: "",
citeFormatPreferenceCookieName: "pm-cf"
});
</script>
</body>
</html>