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<meta name="description" content="Carnivorous pitcher plants are uniquely adapted to nitrogen limitation, using pitfall traps to acquire nutrients from insect prey. Pitcher plants in the genus <i>Sarracenia</i> may also use nitrogen fixed by bacteria inhabiting the aquatic microcosms of their pitchers. Here, we investigated whether …"><meta name="keywords" content="pmid:37338413, PMC10370301, doi:10.1128/aem.00812-23, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Leonora S Bittleston, Charles J Wolock, Anne Pringle, Alkynes, Animals, Bacteria / genetics, Insecta, Nitrogen / analysis, Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria*, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics, PubMed Abstract, NIH, NLM, NCBI, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, MEDLINE"><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive"><meta property="og:title" content="Carnivorous Nepenthes Pitchers with Less Acidic Fluid House Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria - PubMed"><meta property="og:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37338413/"><meta property="og:description" content="Carnivorous pitcher plants are uniquely adapted to nitrogen limitation, using pitfall traps to acquire nutrients from insect prey. Pitcher plants in the genus <i>Sarracenia</i> may also use nitrogen fixed by bacteria inhabiting the aquatic microcosms of their pitchers. Here, we investigated whether …"><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:site_name" content="PubMed"><meta name="twitter:domain" content="pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:title" content="Carnivorous Nepenthes Pitchers with Less Acidic Fluid House Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria - PubMed"><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37338413/"><meta name="twitter:description" content="Carnivorous pitcher plants are uniquely adapted to nitrogen limitation, using pitfall traps to acquire nutrients from insect prey. Pitcher plants in the genus <i>Sarracenia</i> may also use nitrogen fixed by bacteria inhabiting the aquatic microcosms of their pitchers. Here, we investigated whether …"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/persistent/pubmed-meta-image-v2.jpg">
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|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F37338413%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F37338413%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 37338413 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 37338413"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="9498e21e550839c2218bfc8736f96354e65864f5ede5e594c105250dc7e43a66"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="37338413">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/aem.00812-23?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=4487&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=37338413&db=pubmed&nlmid=7605801"
|
||
title="See full text options at Atypon"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Atypon"
|
||
data-ga-label="37338413"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--journals.asm.org-pb-assets-pubmed-pubmed_AEM.png" alt="Atypon full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Atypon
|
||
|
||
</span></a><a class="link-item
|
||
pmc
|
||
"
|
||
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/37338413/"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=37338413&db=pubmed&nlmid=7605801"
|
||
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="PMC"
|
||
data-ga-label="37338413"
|
||
><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Free PMC article
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/37338413/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/37338413/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="37338413" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_button"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F37338413%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
|
||
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
|
||
class="dialog collections-dialog"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="PhIwQwcMVEHBt4zcXWXUe6unSvFEFsy564sBtmF8vfu5nvF2AfAWIe01qznQy36p"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label><input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
|
||
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
|
||
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
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Carnivorous <i>Nepenthes</i> Pitchers with Less Acidic Fluid House Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
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<h1 class="heading-title">
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Carnivorous <i>Nepenthes</i> Pitchers with Less Acidic Fluid House Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
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<span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Leonora S Bittleston</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span>
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Carnivorous pitcher plants are uniquely adapted to nitrogen limitation, using pitfall traps to acquire nutrients from insect prey. Pitcher plants in the genus <i>Sarracenia</i> may also use nitrogen fixed by bacteria inhabiting the aquatic microcosms of their pitchers. Here, we investigated whether species of a convergently evolved pitcher plant genus, <i>Nepenthes</i>, might also use bacterial nitrogen fixation as an alternative strategy for nitrogen capture. First, we constructed predicted metagenomes of pitcher organisms from three species of Singaporean <i>Nepenthes</i> using 16S rRNA sequence data and correlated predicted <i>nifH</i> abundances with metadata. Second, we used gene-specific primers to amplify and quantify the presence or absence of <i>nifH</i> directly from 102 environmental samples and identified potential diazotrophs with significant differential abundance in samples that also had positive <i>nifH</i> PCR tests. Third, we analyzed <i>nifH</i> in eight shotgun metagenomes from four additional Bornean <i>Nepenthes</i> species. Finally, we conducted an acetylene reduction assay using greenhouse-grown <i>Nepenthes</i> pitcher fluids to confirm nitrogen fixation is indeed possible within the pitcher habitat. Results show active acetylene reduction can occur in <i>Nepenthes</i> pitcher fluid. Variation in <i>nifH</i> from wild samples correlates with <i>Nepenthes</i> host species identity and pitcher fluid acidity. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are associated with more neutral fluid pH, while endogenous <i>Nepenthes</i> digestive enzymes are most active at low fluid pH. We hypothesize <i>Nepenthes</i> species experience a trade-off in nitrogen acquisition; when fluids are acidic, nitrogen is primarily acquired via plant enzymatic degradation of insects, but when fluids are neutral, <i>Nepenthes</i> plants take up more nitrogen via bacterial nitrogen fixation. <b>IMPORTANCE</b> Plants use different strategies to obtain the nutrients that they need to grow. Some plants access their nitrogen directly from the soil, while others rely on microbes to access the nitrogen for them. Carnivorous pitcher plants generally trap and digest insect prey, using plant-derived enzymes to break down insect proteins and generate a large portion of the nitrogen that they subsequently absorb. In this study, we present results suggesting that bacteria living in the fluids formed by <i>Nepenthes</i> pitcher plants can fix nitrogen directly from the atmosphere, providing an alternative pathway for plants to access nitrogen. These nitrogen-fixing bacteria are only likely to be present when pitcher plant fluids are not strongly acidic. Interestingly, the plant's enzymes are known to be more active under strongly acidic conditions. We propose a potential trade-off where pitcher plants sometimes access nitrogen using their own enzymes to digest prey and at other times take advantage of bacterial nitrogen fixation.
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Keywords:
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carnivorous plant; convergent evolution; microbial ecology; nitrogen fixation; symbiosis; trade-off.
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<p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The acidity (pH) of pitcher… </p></div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The acidity (pH) of pitcher fluid and <i> nifH </i> presence in <i> Nepenthes </i> species, with… </p></div>
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FIG 1
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">The acidity (pH) of pitcher fluid and <i>nifH</i> presence in <i>Nepenthes</i> species, with representative photographs of each species. (A) Pitcher fluid pH in the following three Singaporean species: <i>N. gracilis</i>, <i>N. rafflesiana</i>, and <i>N. ampullaria</i>. (B) PICRUSt-predicted relative abundance of <i>nifH</i> from amplicon sequencing of Singaporean species. (C) Proportion of samples with <i>nifH</i> as assayed by PCR in Singaporean species. The number of samples with <i>nifH</i> over total number of samples is shown as text above each bar. (D) Pitcher fluid pH in the following four Bornean species: <i>N. stenophylla</i>, <i>N. veitchii</i>, <i>N. reinwardtiana</i>, and <i>N. hirsuta</i>. (E) Normalized <i>nifH</i> relative abundance from the metagenomes of the Bornean species. Photographs by L.S. Bittleston.</div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> The presence of <i> nifH </i> strongly correlates with pitcher fluid pH across our three… </p></div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">The presence of <i>nifH</i> strongly correlates with pitcher fluid pH across our three methods. (A) PICRUSt-predicted relative abundance of <i>nifH</i> from amplicon sequencing of Singaporean species by pitcher fluid pH. (B) Effect plot from model lme2 of data from panel A. (C) Counts of samples from Singaporean species with <i>nifH</i> as assessed by PCR, organized by pH level. (D) Effect plot from model glmer2 using PCR data. (E) Normalized <i>nifH</i> relative abundance from Bornean Nepenthes species by pitcher fluid pH. (F) Effect plot from model lm1 using data from panel E.</div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Bacterial taxa associated with increased <i> nifH </i> abundance. (A) A stacked bar plot showing… </p></div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Bacterial taxa associated with increased <i>nifH</i> abundance. (A) A stacked bar plot showing the relative abundance of the top 12 bacterial families, organized from left to right by increasing predicted <i>nifH</i> abundance. Legend is shown below. (B) Top 5 bacterial ASVs with higher relative abundance in samples with positive <i>nifH</i> PCR results. These ASVs are significantly differentially abundant as measured by ANCOM-II. Their taxonomic assignments are listed in the legend at the genus and family levels. Family names followed by stars are known to contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria.</div>
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+Non-U.S.+Gov%27t%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Research+Support%2C+Non-U.S.+Gov%27t%22%5Bpt%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"[pt]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="pub_type"
|
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data-ga-label="Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Research+Support%2C+Non-U.S.+Gov%27t"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="pub_type_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"[pt]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"[pt]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="mesh-terms" class="mesh-terms keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
MeSH terms
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Alkynes"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Alkynes
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-0"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Alkynes"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Alkynes%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Alkynes%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Alkynes"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Alkynes">
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
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||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Alkynes"
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||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Alkynes">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Alkynes"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Alkynes"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Animals"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Animals
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Animals"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Animals%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Animals"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
||
data-ga-label="Animals">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Animals"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Animals">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Animals"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Animals"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Bacteria / genetics"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-2"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Bacteria / genetics
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-2"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Bacteria / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Bacteria%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Bacteria%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Bacteria/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Bacteria / genetics">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Bacteria"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Bacteria / genetics">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Bacteria/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Bacteria/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Insecta"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Insecta
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Insecta"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Insecta%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Insecta%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Insecta"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Insecta">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Insecta"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Insecta">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Insecta"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Insecta"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Nitrogen / analysis"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Nitrogen / analysis
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Nitrogen / analysis"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Nitrogen%2Fanalysis%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Nitrogen%2Fanalysis%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Nitrogen/analysis"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
||
data-ga-label="Nitrogen / analysis">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Nitrogen"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Nitrogen / analysis">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Nitrogen/analysis"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Nitrogen/analysis"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria*"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-5"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-5"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Nitrogen-Fixing+Bacteria%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Nitrogen-Fixing+Bacteria%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria*">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Nitrogen-Fixing+Bacteria"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria*">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria"[MAJR]"
|
||
href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22RNA%2C+Ribosomal%2C+16S%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22RNA%2C+Ribosomal%2C+16S%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=RNA%2C+Ribosomal%2C+16S"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
|
||
<h2 class="title">
|
||
Substances
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword RNA, Ribosomal, 16S"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword RNA, Ribosomal, 16S"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22RNA%2C+Ribosomal%2C+16S%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22RNA%2C+Ribosomal%2C+16S%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="RNA, Ribosomal, 16S"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="RNA, Ribosomal, 16S">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22RNA%2C+Ribosomal%2C+16S%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
||
data-ga-label="RNA, Ribosomal, 16S">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""RNA, Ribosomal, 16S"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""RNA, Ribosomal, 16S"[nm]"
|
||
href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword nepenthe"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
nepenthe
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword nepenthe"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22nepenthe%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22nepenthe%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="nepenthe"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="substance"
|
||
data-ga-label="nepenthe">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22nepenthe%22"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="substance_link"
|
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data-ga-label="nepenthe">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""nepenthe"[nm]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""nepenthe"[nm]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Nitrogen"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-2"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Nitrogen
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-2"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Nitrogen"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Nitrogen%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
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