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<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
|
||
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu"><span class="fa fa-times"></span><span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
|
||
<h4>Account</h4>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="account-user-info">
|
||
Logged in as:<br/>
|
||
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="account-links">
|
||
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
|
||
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
|
||
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
|
||
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section data-section="Alerts">
|
||
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<!-- ========== END HEADER ========== -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a id="maincontent" aria-label="Main page content below" role="navigation"></a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
<form action="/" method="get" autocomplete="off" class="usa-search usa-search-big search-form content-page-layout" id="search-form" role="search">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<a class="pubmed-logo"
|
||
aria-label="Pubmed Logo"
|
||
href="/"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="pubmed_logo">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/277eb475-38df-4990-a0ee-0080b04e86fc/core/images/pubmed-logo-blue.svg" alt="pubmed logo" />
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a href="#" class="search-input-trigger" data-alt-title="Hide search bar" title="Show search bar" aria-label="Show search bar">
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<div role="search" class="search-input">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="usa-sr-only" for="id_term">
|
||
Search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input
|
||
type="search"
|
||
name="term"
|
||
|
||
data-skip-ie-scroll-to-top=""
|
||
data-replace-term-with-exact=""
|
||
data-exact-query=""
|
||
placeholder=""
|
||
class="term-input"
|
||
required="required"
|
||
id="id_term"/><a href="#" class="clear-btn" aria-label="Clear search input" title="Clear search input" role="button" data-pinger-ignore></a><button type="submit" class="search-btn" aria-label="Search" disabled data-pinger-ignore><span class="usa-search-submit-text">Search</span></button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Create alert and Create RSS are buttons that look like links -->
|
||
<!-- Better for them to look like buttons but no space -->
|
||
<div class="search-links-wrapper content-page-layout">
|
||
<div class="search-links">
|
||
<a href="/advanced/"
|
||
class="search-input-link adv-search-link"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="adv_search">Advanced</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/clipboard/"
|
||
class="search-input-link clipboard-link hidden"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard">
|
||
Clipboard <span class="amount-in-clipboard"></span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
|
||
<a href="/help/"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F31702883%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F31702883%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 31702883 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 31702883"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="12456352a21aab557fee1df7d21f51fa8a6c3cc767643b57c20a7e5c6e881f56"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="NC4gwn9OtzPeiPK9QljLlwafFnzY8EvT4pOl9dCa3aCIcgQZtEWNPEGTdrha1f3d">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="31702883">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1912770?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=4487&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=31702883&db=pubmed&nlmid=0255562"
|
||
title="See full text options at Atypon"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Atypon"
|
||
data-ga-label="31702883"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--www.nejm.org-pb-assets-images-editorial-icons-nejm-full-text.gif" alt="Atypon full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Atypon
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/31702883/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/31702883/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="31702883" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
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<h1 class="heading-title">
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A Phase 3 Trial of Difelikefalin in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus
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</h1>
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data-ga-label="Catherine Munera">Catherine Munera</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="From the Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Great Neck, NY (S.F.); North America Research Institute, San Dimas, CA (A.J.); and Cara Therapeutics, Stamford, CT (C.M., W.W., F.M.)." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff">
|
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1
|
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href="/?term=Wen+W&cauthor_id=31702883"
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data-ga-label="Warren Wen">Warren Wen</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="From the Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Great Neck, NY (S.F.); North America Research Institute, San Dimas, CA (A.J.); and Cara Therapeutics, Stamford, CT (C.M., W.W., F.M.)." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff">
|
||
1
|
||
</a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Menzaghi+F&cauthor_id=31702883"
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data-ga-label="Frédérique Menzaghi">Frédérique Menzaghi</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="From the Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Great Neck, NY (S.F.); North America Research Institute, San Dimas, CA (A.J.); and Cara Therapeutics, Stamford, CT (C.M., W.W., F.M.)." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff">
|
||
1
|
||
</a></sup><span class="semicolon">; </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=KALM-1+Trial+Investigators%5BCorporate+Author%5D"
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data-ga-label="KALM-1 Trial Investigators">KALM-1 Trial Investigators</a></span>
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</div>
|
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<div class="short-article-details">
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Collaborators,
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Affiliations
|
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<button
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Expand
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<div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors">
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<div class="collaborations">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
|
||
Collaborators
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<ul class="group-list">
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
<strong class="title">KALM-1 Trial Investigators</strong>:
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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<div class="authors-list">
|
||
<span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Hovater+M"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Michael Hovater">Michael Hovater</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Tietjen+D"
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data-ga-label="David Tietjen">David Tietjen</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Fadda+G"
|
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data-ga-label="George Fadda">George Fadda</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Hon+G"
|
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data-ga-label="George Hon">George Hon</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Jamal+A"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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|
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data-ga-label="Aamir Jamal">Aamir Jamal</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Joshi+S"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Sudhir Joshi">Sudhir Joshi</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Karimi+S"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-label="Sousan Karimi">Sousan Karimi</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Khan+A"
|
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|
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data-ga-label="Abid Khan">Abid Khan</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Kharait+S"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Sourabh Kharait">Sourabh Kharait</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Khawar+O"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Osman Khawar">Osman Khawar</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Kleinman+K"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Kenneth Kleinman">Kenneth Kleinman</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Mokri+P"
|
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data-ga-label="Parham Mokri">Parham Mokri</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Niu+P"
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Paul Niu">Paul Niu</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Sawhney+A"
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data-ga-label="Ajit Sawhney">Ajit Sawhney</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Steer+D"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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|
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data-ga-label="Dylan Steer">Dylan Steer</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Marder+B"
|
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|
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data-ga-label="Bradley Marder">Bradley Marder</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Dommu+A"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Aaron Dommu">Aaron Dommu</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Geller+A"
|
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|
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data-ga-label="Ari Geller">Ari Geller</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Raissi+S"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Sina Raissi">Sina Raissi</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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data-ga-label="Yaneicy Gonzalez Rojas">Yaneicy Gonzalez Rojas</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Hernandez+P"
|
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|
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data-ga-label="Pedro Hernandez">Pedro Hernandez</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Jacob+R"
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data-ga-label="Radu Jacob">Radu Jacob</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Navarro+J"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-label="Jesus Navarro">Jesus Navarro</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Reddivari+V"
|
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ref="linksrc=author_name_link"
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data-ga-label="Venkata Reddivari">Venkata Reddivari</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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|
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data-ga-label="Fabiola Schlessinger">Fabiola Schlessinger</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Jayesh Shah">Jayesh Shah</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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|
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data-ga-label="Ahmed Aqeel">Ahmed Aqeel</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Topf+J"
|
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data-ga-label="Joel Topf">Joel Topf</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Richard Miller">Richard Miller</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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|
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href="/?term=Liss+K"
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data-ga-label="Kenneth Liss">Kenneth Liss</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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|
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data-ga-label="Ayodele Erinle">Ayodele Erinle</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Kumar+J"
|
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data-ga-label="Jayant Kumar">Jayant Kumar</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Mark Adaimy">Mark Adaimy</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Kisra Anis">Kisra Anis</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Chaim Charytan">Chaim Charytan</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Steven Fishbane">Steven Fishbane</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Robert Lynn">Robert Lynn</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="James Rajan">James Rajan</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Neil Kumar">Neil Kumar</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Christopher Poole">Christopher Poole</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Irfan Agha">Irfan Agha</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Bruce Baker">Bruce Baker</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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data-ga-label="Adeel Ijaz">Adeel Ijaz</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Kumar+S"
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data-ga-label="Sumit Kumar">Sumit Kumar</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
|
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href="/?term=Manllo-Karim+R"
|
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data-ga-label="Roberto Manllo-Karim">Roberto Manllo-Karim</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Nadella+R"
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data-ga-label="Rama Nadella">Rama Nadella</a><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name"
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href="/?term=Tamirisa+S"
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|
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|
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Affiliation
|
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|
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|
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|
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<li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1"
|
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|
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><sup class="key">1</sup> From the Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Great Neck, NY (S.F.); North America Research Institute, San Dimas, CA (A.J.); and Cara Therapeutics, Stamford, CT (C.M., W.W., F.M.).</li>
|
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|
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<li>
|
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<span class="identifier pubmed">
|
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<span class="id-label">
|
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PMID:
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">31702883</strong>
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|
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<div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading">
|
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|
||
<div class="publication-type" >Clinical Trial</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h1 class="heading-title">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
A Phase 3 Trial of Difelikefalin in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</h1>
|
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="short-citation">
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<span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Steven Fishbane</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span>
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N Engl J Med<span class="citation-separator">.</span>
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<time class="citation-year" datetime="2020">2020</time><span class="citation-separator">.</span>
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2020 Jan 16;382(3):222-232.</span>
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Epub 2019 Nov 8.
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><sup class="key">1</sup> From the Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Great Neck, NY (S.F.); North America Research Institute, San Dimas, CA (A.J.); and Cara Therapeutics, Stamford, CT (C.M., W.W., F.M.).</li>
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PMID:
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<strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">31702883</strong>
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10.1056/NEJMoa1912770
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id="eng-abstract">
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p>
|
||
|
||
<strong class="sub-title">
|
||
Background:
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
Difelikefalin is a peripherally restricted and selective agonist of kappa opioid receptors that are considered to be important in modulating pruritus in conditions such as chronic kidney disease.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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<p>
|
||
|
||
<strong class="sub-title">
|
||
Methods:
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients undergoing hemodialysis who had moderate-to-severe pruritus to receive either intravenous difelikefalin (at a dose of 0.5 μg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo three times per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients with an improvement (decrease) of at least 3 points from baseline at week 12 in the weekly mean score on the 24-hour Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS; scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater itch intensity). The secondary outcomes included the change from baseline in itch-related quality-of-life measures, the percentage of patients with an improvement of at least 4 points in the WI-NRS score at week 12, and safety.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
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<p>
|
||
|
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<strong class="sub-title">
|
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Results:
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
A total of 378 patients underwent randomization. A total of 82 of 158 patients (51.9%) in the difelikefalin group had a decrease of at least 3 points in the WI-NRS score (primary outcome), as compared with 51 of 165 (30.9%) in the placebo group. The imputed percentage of patients with a decrease of at least 3 points in the WI-NRS score was 49.1% in the difelikefalin group, as compared with 27.9% in the placebo group (P<0.001). Difelikefalin also resulted in a significant improvement from baseline to week 12 in itch-related quality of life as measured by the 5-D itch scale and the Skindex-10 scale. The imputed percentage of patients with a decrease of at least 4 points in the WI-NRS score at week 12 was significantly greater in the difelikefalin group than in the placebo group (37.1% [observed data: 64 of 158 patients] vs. 17.9% [observed data: 35 of 165 patients], P<0.001). Diarrhea, dizziness, and vomiting were more common in the difelikefalin group than in the placebo group.
|
||
</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<p>
|
||
|
||
<strong class="sub-title">
|
||
Conclusions:
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
Patients treated with difelikefalin had a significant reduction in itch intensity and improved itch-related quality of life as compared with those who received placebo. (Funded by Cara Therapeutics; KALM-1 ClinicalTrials.gov number, <a href="http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03422653" title="See in ClinicalTrials.gov">NCT03422653</a>.).
|
||
</p>
|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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</div>
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</div>
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<p class="copyright" id="copyright">
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Copyright © 2019 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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<div class="linked-articles" id="linked-commentary">
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<h2 class="title">
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Comment in
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</h2>
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Difelikefalin for the Treatment of Uremic Pruritus.
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Steele DJR.</span>
|
||
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||
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||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Steele DJR.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020 Jan 16;382(3):289-290. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1916598.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020.</span>
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">31940704</span></span>
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|
||
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|
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<span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span>
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||
</div>
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</div>
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</li>
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<li class="full-docsum">
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<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
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<a class="docsum-title"
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One step closer to alleviating uraemic pruritus.
|
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</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
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||
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||
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<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Weisshaar E, Ofenloch RF.</span>
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<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Weisshaar E, et al.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020 Apr;16(4):189-190. doi: 10.1038/s41581-020-0251-3.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Nat Rev Nephrol. 2020.</span>
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">31988499</span></span>
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
<span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span>
|
||
</div>
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||
</div>
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||
</li>
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<li class="full-docsum">
|
||
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<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
|
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<a class="docsum-title"
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href="/32334827/"
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ref="article_id=32334827&linksrc=comments_link"
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Pruritus as a Patient-Reported Primary Trial End Point in Hemodialysis: Evaluation and Implications.
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||
</a>
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<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
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<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Nair D, Finkelstein FO.</span>
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<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Nair D, et al.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Am J Kidney Dis. 2020 Jul;76(1):148-151. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.01.002. Epub 2020 Apr 22.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Am J Kidney Dis. 2020.</span>
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32334827</span></span>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span>
|
||
</div>
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||
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||
</div>
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</li>
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<li class="full-docsum">
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||
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||
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
|
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<a class="docsum-title"
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href="/32433845/"
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ref="article_id=32433845&linksrc=comments_link"
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Difelikefalin in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus.
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
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<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Brennan F, Davison S, Brown M.</span>
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<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Brennan F, et al.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020 May 21;382(21):2064. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2002485.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020.</span>
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32433845</span></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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<span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
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|
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</li>
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<li class="full-docsum">
|
||
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||
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
|
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<a class="docsum-title"
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href="/32433846/"
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ref="article_id=32433846&linksrc=comments_link"
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Difelikefalin in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus.
|
||
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||
</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Manenti L, Rossi GM, Fiaccadori E.</span>
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|
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<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Manenti L, et al.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020 May 21;382(21):2064. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2002485.</span>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020.</span>
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|
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|
||
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32433846</span></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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||
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|
||
<li class="full-docsum">
|
||
|
||
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
|
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<a class="docsum-title"
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href="/32433847/"
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ref="article_id=32433847&linksrc=comments_link"
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data-ga-category="comment_correction"
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Difelikefalin in Hemodialysis Patients with Pruritus.
|
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</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Lin CH.</span>
|
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|
||
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||
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<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Lin CH.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020 May 21;382(21):2064-2065. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2002485.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">N Engl J Med. 2020.</span>
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||
|
||
|
||
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">32433847</span></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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</ul>
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<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Front Neurosci. 2022 Nov 3;16:964724. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.964724. eCollection 2022.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Front Neurosci. 2022.</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">36408401</span></span>
|
||
<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
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|
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<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
|
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|
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|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="full-docsum">
|
||
|
||
<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
|
||
<a class="docsum-title"
|
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href="/36506245/"
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Higher Symptom Frequency and Severity After the Long Interdialytic Interval in Patients on Maintenance Intermittent Hemodialysis.
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Chauhan K, Wen HH, Gupta N, Nadkarni G, Coca S, Chan L.</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Chauhan K, et al.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Kidney Int Rep. 2022 Oct 5;7(12):2630-2638. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.09.032. eCollection 2022 Dec.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Kidney Int Rep. 2022.</span>
|
||
|
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|
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">36506245</span></span>
|
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<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
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|
||
</div>
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||
</li>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="full-docsum">
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<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
|
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<a class="docsum-title"
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Antinociceptive and Antipruritic Effects of HSK21542, a Peripherally-Restricted Kappa Opioid Receptor Agonist, in Animal Models of Pain and Itch.
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Wang X, Gou X, Yu X, Bai D, Tan B, Cao P, Qian M, Zheng X, Wang H, Tang P, Zhang C, Ye F, Ni J.</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Wang X, et al.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 16;12:773204. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773204. eCollection 2021.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Front Pharmacol. 2021.</span>
|
||
|
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|
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">34867403</span></span>
|
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<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
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</div>
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|
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<div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;">
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[Systemic pruritus: what is new in diagnosis and treatment?].
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</a>
|
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<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Brand M, Kremer AE.</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Brand M, et al.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2022 Aug;73(8):600-608. doi: 10.1007/s00105-022-05027-z. Epub 2022 Jun 30.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2022.</span>
|
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">35925235</span></span>
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<span class="language spaced-citation-item citation-part">German.</span>
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|
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</li>
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="full-docsum">
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|
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Do you feel itchy? A guide towards diagnosis and measurement of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus in dialysis patients.
|
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|
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|
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<div class="docsum-citation full-citation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Manenti L, Leuci E.</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Manenti L, et al.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Clin Kidney J. 2021 Oct 14;14(Suppl 3):i8-i15. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfab143. eCollection 2021 Dec.</span>
|
||
<span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Clin Kidney J. 2021.</span>
|
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|
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<span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">34987778</span></span>
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<span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free PMC article.</span>
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<span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span>
|
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</div>
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</div>
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</li>
|
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<div id="publication-types" class="publication-types keywords-section">
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Publication types
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||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Double-Blind Method"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Double-Blind Method
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Double-Blind Method"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Double-Blind+Method%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Double-Blind+Method%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Double-Blind Method"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Double-Blind Method">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Double-Blind+Method"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Double-Blind Method">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Double-Blind Method"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Double-Blind Method"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Female"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-2"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Female
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-2"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Female"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Female%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Female%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Female"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Female">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Female"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Female">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Female"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Female"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Humans"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Humans
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Humans"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Humans"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Humans">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Humans"
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Humans">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Humans"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
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data-ga-label=""Humans"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-4"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*
|
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-4"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Kidney+Failure%2C+Chronic%2Fcomplications%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Kidney+Failure%2C+Chronic%2Fcomplications%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications"[MAJR]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Kidney+Failure%2C+Chronic"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications*">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications"[MAJR]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications"[MAJR]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
|
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class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
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aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Kidney+Failure%2C+Chronic%2Ftherapy%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Kidney+Failure%2C+Chronic%2Ftherapy%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Kidney+Failure%2C+Chronic"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Male"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Male
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Male"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Male%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Male%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Male"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Male">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Male"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Male">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Male"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Male"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Middle Aged"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Middle Aged
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Middle Aged"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Middle+Aged%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Middle+Aged%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Middle Aged"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Middle Aged">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Middle+Aged"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Middle Aged">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Middle Aged"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Middle Aged"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Piperidines / adverse effects"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Piperidines / adverse effects
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-8"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Piperidines / adverse effects"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Piperidines%2Fadverse+effects%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Piperidines%2Fadverse+effects%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Piperidines/adverse effects"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Piperidines / adverse effects">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Piperidines"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Piperidines / adverse effects">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Piperidines/adverse effects"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Piperidines/adverse effects"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Piperidines / therapeutic use*"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-9"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Piperidines / therapeutic use*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-9"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Piperidines / therapeutic use*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Piperidines%2Ftherapeutic+use%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Piperidines%2Ftherapeutic+use%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Piperidines/therapeutic use"[MAJR]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Piperidines / therapeutic use*">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Piperidines"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Piperidines / therapeutic use*">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Piperidines/therapeutic use"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Piperidines/therapeutic use"[MAJR]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Pruritus / drug therapy*"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-10"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Pruritus / drug therapy*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-10"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Pruritus / drug therapy*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Pruritus%2Fdrug+therapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Pruritus%2Fdrug+therapy%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Pruritus/drug therapy"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Pruritus / drug therapy*">
|
||
Search in PubMed
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Pruritus"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Pruritus / drug therapy*">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Pruritus/drug therapy"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Pruritus/drug therapy"[MAJR]"
|
||
href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Pruritus / etiology"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-11"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Pruritus / etiology
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-11"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Pruritus / etiology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Pruritus%2Fetiology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Pruritus%2Fetiology%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Pruritus/etiology"[MeSH]"
|
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Uremia / complications*
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<div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section">
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Substances
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</h2>
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<ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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Receptors, Opioid
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</button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1"
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Search in PubMed
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Search in MeSH
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
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difelikefalin
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Search in MeSH
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Add to Search
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul>
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</div>
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|
||
<div id="supplemental-data" class="supplemental-data">
|
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<h2 class="title">
|
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Associated data
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</h2>
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<ul class="supplemental-data-list"><li><div class="supplemental-data-actions dropdown-block"><button class="supplemental-data-actions-trigger trigger"
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ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03422653
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<div id="related-links" class="related-links">
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<h2 class="title">
|
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Related information
|
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</h2>
|
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|
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<ul class="related-links-list"><li><a title="PubMed links associated with Books" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books?linkname=pubmed_books_refs&from_uid=31702883"
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Cited in Books
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</a></li><li><a title="Related information in MedGen" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen?linkname=pubmed_medgen&from_uid=31702883"
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|
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MedGen
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</a></li><li><a title="Related PubChem Compound via MeSH" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pccompound?linkname=pubmed_pccompound_mesh&from_uid=31702883"
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ref="log$=recordlinks&logdbfrom=pubmed&ncbi_uid=31702883&ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3">
|
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PubChem Compound (MeSH Keyword)
|
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</a></li></ul>
|
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</div>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
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||
|
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|
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<div id="linkout" class="linkout">
|
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<h2 class="title">
|
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LinkOut - more resources
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</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul class="linkout-list"><li><h3 class="linkout-category">Full Text Sources</h3><ul class="linkout-category-links"><li><a
|
||
href="https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1912770?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub 0pubmed"
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target="_blank"
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