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||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<span class="search-input-link user-guide-link" role="navigation" aria-label="User guide">
|
||
<a href="/help/"
|
||
data-ga-category="featured_link"
|
||
data-ga-action="user_guide">
|
||
User Guide
|
||
</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</form>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-page-header">
|
||
<div id="article-top-actions-bar" class="article-top-actions-bar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<div class="actions-container">
|
||
<div class="return-to-search">
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="multiple-results-actions " role="region" aria-label="save, email, send to">
|
||
<button id="save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="save-results save-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button><button id="email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="email-results email-results-panel-trigger"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="open">
|
||
Email
|
||
</button><div class="more-actions dropdown-block"><button id="more-actions-trigger"
|
||
type="button"
|
||
class="trigger more-actions-trigger"
|
||
ref="linksrc=show_moreactions_btn"
|
||
aria-label="Send to"
|
||
aria-controls="more-actions-dropdown">Send to</button><div id="more-actions-dropdown" class="dropdown dropdown-container" hidden><div class="content"><ul class="more-actions-links"><li><a class="clipboard-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link "
|
||
href="#"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="clipboard"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Clipboard
|
||
</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link bibliography-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F16960803%2F%23open-bibliography-panel">My Bibliography</a></li><li><a role="button" class="dropdown-block-link collections-trigger-target" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F16960803%2F%23open-collections-panel">Collections</a></li><li><a role="button" class="citation-manager-panel-trigger dropdown-block-link citation-manager-trigger-target" href="#">Citation manager</a></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region">
|
||
<button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog">
|
||
<span class="button-label">Display options</span>
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dropdown" hidden>
|
||
<div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
|
||
<div class="format-container">
|
||
<span class="option-label">
|
||
Format
|
||
</span>
|
||
<select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="article-display-format">
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pubmed">PubMed</option>
|
||
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="article-panels-container" class="article-panels-container">
|
||
<div id="save-action-panel" class="save-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Save citation to file
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="save-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="save-action-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="save-action-format" name="results-format" class="action-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="pubmed-text">PubMed</option>
|
||
<option value="pmid">PMID</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="csv">CSV</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Save citations to file' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_save_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="save-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="save"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="email-action-panel"
|
||
class="email-action-panel action-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-recaptcha-script-url="https://www.recaptcha.net/recaptcha/enterprise.js?render=explicit&onload=onloadCaptchaCallback"
|
||
data-recaptcha-enabled="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Email citation
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="email-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-email-by-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/send-email/"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Subject:
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="email-subject" id="email-subject" aria-label="Email subject">1 selected item: 16960803 - PubMed</span>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject" value="1 selected item: 16960803"/>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-subject-hash" value="a6df163bb86787f09f70df68dd231cd050af3e55f2fffef792d55ebc6260e299"/>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-to" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
To:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Recipient Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-to" class="email-to" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="100" required>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-from" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
From:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input type="email" aria-label="Sender Email Address" placeholder="email@example.com" id="email-from" class="email-from" pattern="^[a-zA-Z0-9_.+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9-.]+$" maxlength="256">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="email-citation-format" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="email-citation-format" name="citation-format" class="action-panel-selector email-citation-format">
|
||
<option selected="selected" value="summary">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="summary-text">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="abstract-text">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="include-supplemental-container">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" aria-label="Include MeSH and other data" name="include-supplemental" id="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental">
|
||
<label for="email-include-supplemental" class="email-include-supplemental-label">MeSH and other data</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="form-field recaptcha ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="g-recaptcha" id="id-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LfsWHMdAAAAAClKbtOpjQ2pMjgsGxvv7NdZW9uI"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="captcha-error-message" class="usa-input-error-message captcha-validation-message" role="alert"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="send">
|
||
Send email
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Email citations' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_email_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="email-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="email"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details" value="" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="email-search-details-hash" value="0e42663a6c3bd85498fcb88798998fed7bfdc45d457db35281e41afe13cc0524" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="collections-action-panel"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-panel-url-hash="#open-collections-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to Collections
|
||
</h3>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<form id="collections-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-add-to-collection-max-amount="1000"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup">
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-new">Create a new collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-existing">Add to an existing collection</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="controls-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-panel-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection">
|
||
<div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls">
|
||
<label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'">
|
||
</select>
|
||
<div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="collections"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h3 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Add to My Bibliography
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<form id="bibliography-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10"
|
||
data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/"
|
||
data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/"
|
||
data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/"
|
||
data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls">
|
||
<div class="choice-group">
|
||
<ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/>
|
||
<label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br>
|
||
<a href="#">Please try again</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Add
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="mybib"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false"
|
||
data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your saved search
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="saved-search-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/"
|
||
data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/"
|
||
data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of saved search:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="saved-search-name"
|
||
id="saved-search-name"
|
||
class="saved-search-name"
|
||
value=""
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Search terms:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="test-search-term-wrap">
|
||
<a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label">
|
||
Would you like email updates of new search results?
|
||
</span>
|
||
<fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label">
|
||
<legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend>
|
||
<ul class="radio-group-items">
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked>
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</fieldset>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="alert-schedule-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Frequency:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency">
|
||
<option value="monthly">Monthly</option>
|
||
<option value="weekly">Weekly</option>
|
||
<option value="daily">Daily</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">The first Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">The first Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option>
|
||
<option value="day">The first day</option>
|
||
<option value="weekday">The first weekday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Which day?
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day">
|
||
<option value="Sunday">Sunday</option>
|
||
<option value="Monday">Monday</option>
|
||
<option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option>
|
||
<option value="Thursday">Thursday</option>
|
||
<option value="Friday">Friday</option>
|
||
<option value="Saturday">Saturday</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Report format:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report">
|
||
<option value="DocSum">Summary</option>
|
||
<option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="Abstract">Abstract</option>
|
||
<option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option>
|
||
<option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Send at most:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount">
|
||
<option value="1">1 item</option>
|
||
<option value="5" selected>5 items</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10 items</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20 items</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50 items</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100 items</option>
|
||
<option value="200">200 items</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox">
|
||
Send even when there aren't any new results
|
||
</label>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap">
|
||
<label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Optional text in email:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<textarea name="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
id="saved-search-email-text"
|
||
class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Saving..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Save
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Create a file for external citation management software
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/"
|
||
data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/"
|
||
method="post"
|
||
data-by-search-method="post"
|
||
data-by-ids-method="post">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Sending..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create file
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="citation_manager"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
<h2 class="action-panel-heading">
|
||
Your RSS Feed
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<form id="rss-action-panel-form"
|
||
class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form"
|
||
data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/"
|
||
data-search-form-term-value="">
|
||
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf">
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name of RSS Feed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<input maxlength="200"
|
||
placeholder="Name"
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="rss-name"
|
||
id="rss-name"
|
||
class="rss-name"
|
||
value=''
|
||
required
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="rss-limit-wrap">
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top">
|
||
<label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Number of items displayed:
|
||
</label>
|
||
<select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit">
|
||
<option value="5">5</option>
|
||
<option value="10">10</option>
|
||
<option value="15" selected="selected">15</option>
|
||
<option value="20">20</option>
|
||
<option value="50">50</option>
|
||
<option value="100">100</option>
|
||
</select>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-actions">
|
||
<button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Creating..."
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="save">
|
||
Create RSS
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="rss-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="alert"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap">
|
||
<label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label>
|
||
<input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link">
|
||
<button
|
||
type="button"
|
||
disabled
|
||
class="rss-link-copy-button disabled"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="rss"
|
||
data-ga-label="copy">
|
||
Copy
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="16960803">
|
||
<aside class="page-sidebar">
|
||
<div class="inner-wrap">
|
||
|
||
<div class="full-text-links">
|
||
<div class="full-view">
|
||
<h3 class="title">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="full-text-links-list">
|
||
<a class="link-item
|
||
|
||
dialog-focus"
|
||
href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002-9297(07)63077-8"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=3048&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=16960803&db=pubmed&nlmid=0370475"
|
||
title="See full text options at Elsevier Science"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="Elsevier Science"
|
||
data-ga-label="16960803"
|
||
><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-celloa.png" alt="Elsevier Science full text link"><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Elsevier Science
|
||
|
||
</span></a><a class="link-item
|
||
pmc
|
||
"
|
||
href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/pmid/16960803/"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="noopener"
|
||
|
||
ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=True&PrId=3494&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=16960803&db=pubmed&nlmid=0370475"
|
||
title="Free full text at PubMed Central"
|
||
|
||
data-ga-category="full_text"
|
||
data-ga-action="PMC"
|
||
data-ga-label="16960803"
|
||
><span class="text">
|
||
|
||
Free PMC article
|
||
|
||
</span></a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="short-view">
|
||
<a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger">
|
||
Full text links
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles"
|
||
data-ga-category="save_share"
|
||
data-ga-action="cite"
|
||
data-ga-label="open"
|
||
data-all-citations-url="/16960803/citations/"
|
||
data-citation-style="nlm"
|
||
data-pubmed-format-link="/16960803/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="16960803" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger"
|
||
aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections."
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_button"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false"
|
||
data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F16960803%2F%23open-collections-dialog"
|
||
data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog"
|
||
class="dialog collections-dialog"
|
||
aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form"
|
||
class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors"
|
||
data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/"
|
||
data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/"
|
||
data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/"
|
||
data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100"
|
||
data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="keiopa6bZaMGVfTr3XCx5VjGkdoRQtmVB12t20zxzLzaPGZhGgfzz3PkSh63J4Uf"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-new"
|
||
class="collections-new"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="new"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-existing"
|
||
class="collections-existing"
|
||
name="collections"
|
||
value="existing"
|
||
checked="true"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk">
|
||
Name your collection:
|
||
</label><input
|
||
type="text"
|
||
name="add-to-new-collection"
|
||
id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new"
|
||
class="collections-action-add-to-new"
|
||
pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"
|
||
maxlength="100"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="create_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Name must be less than 100 characters
|
||
</div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label">
|
||
Choose a collection:
|
||
</label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing"
|
||
class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="select_collection"
|
||
data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message">
|
||
Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit"
|
||
type="submit"
|
||
data-loading-label="Adding..."
|
||
data-pinger-ignore
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="add">
|
||
Add
|
||
</button><button class="action-panel-cancel"
|
||
aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel"
|
||
ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel"
|
||
aria-controls="collections-action-panel"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-ga-category="collections_button"
|
||
data-ga-action="click"
|
||
data-ga-label="cancel">
|
||
Cancel
|
||
</button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger"
|
||
title="Open dialog with more actions to take"
|
||
ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format"
|
||
data-default-format-value="abstract"
|
||
data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button
|
||
class="trigger usa-button"
|
||
title="Change format"
|
||
data-ga-category="display_options"
|
||
data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title">
|
||
Display options
|
||
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2006 Oct;79(4):668-78.</span>
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Satb2 haploinsufficiency phenocopies 2q32-q33 deletions, whereas loss suggests a fundamental role in the coordination of jaw development
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Satb2 haploinsufficiency phenocopies 2q32-q33 deletions, whereas loss suggests a fundamental role in the coordination of jaw development
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The recent identification of SATB2 as a candidate gene responsible for the craniofacial dysmorphologies associated with deletions and translocations at 2q32-q33, one of only three regions of the genome for which haploinsufficiency has been significantly associated with isolated cleft palate, led us to investigate the in vivo functions of murine Satb2. We find that, similar to the way in which SATB2 is perceived to act in humans, craniofacial defects due to haploinsufficiency of Satb2, including cleft palate (in approximately 25% of cases), phenocopy those seen with 2q32-q33 deletions and translocations in humans. Full functional loss of Satb2 results in amplification of these defects and leads both to increased apoptosis in the craniofacial mesenchyme where Satb2 is usually expressed and to changes in the pattern of expression of three genes implicated in the regulation of craniofacial development in humans and mice: Pax9, Alx4, and Msx1. The Satb2-dosage sensitivity in craniofacial development is conspicuous--along with its control of cell survival, pattern of expression, and reversible functional modification by SUMOylation, it suggests that Satb2/SATB2 function in craniofacial development may prove to be more profound than has been anticipated previously. Because jaw development is Satb2-dosage sensitive, the regulators of Satb2 expression and posttranslational modification become of critical importance both ontogenetically and evolutionarily, especially since such regulators plausibly play undetected roles in jaw and palate development and in the etiology of craniofacial malformations.
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Pharyngeal and early-morphogenetic-stage <i> Satb2 </i> expression.… </p></div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Pharyngeal and early-morphogenetic-stage <i> Satb2 </i> expression. <i> a–c, Satb2 </i> expression detected through in situ hybridization… </p></div>
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Pharyngeal and early-morphogenetic-stage <i>Satb2</i> expression. <i>a–c, Satb2</i> expression detected through in situ hybridization at E10.5 and E11.5 in the mesenchyme of the distal maxillary BA1 (mx), associated FNP (l = lateral; m = medial), and the distal mandibular BA1 (md). Expression is associated with the distal regions but, significantly, is excluded from the actual midlines (<i>arrowheads</i>). op = olfactory pit. <i>d,</i> Radioactive in situ hybridization at E12.5, demonstrating <i>Satb2</i> expression in the tongue (tg) and in the developing lower (md) and upper (mx) jaws, including in the future palatal shelves (ps).</div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
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<p> Figure 2. </p>
|
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|
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|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Design rationale for the targeted… </p></div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
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<p> Figure 2. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
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|
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|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Design rationale for the targeted loss of <i> Satb2. a, </i> Schematic representation of the… </p></div>
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|
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Figure 2.
|
||
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|
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|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Design rationale for the targeted loss of <i>Satb2. a,</i> Schematic representation of the <i>Satb2</i> locus, the targeting vector, and the targeted locus. Coding exons are shown as unblackened boxes. Restriction sites are <i>Sma</i>I (S), <i>Nsi</i>I (N), and <i>Pac</i>I (P). Oligonucleotides are indicated by arrows and are designated “a” and “b.” The expected fragments are indicated by the dashed red lines. The 3′ external probe (<i>purple box</i>) identifies a 7.5-kb <i>Nsi</i>I fragment in the wild-type allele and a 4.6-kb fragment in the mutant allele. <i>b,</i> Analysis of transfected ES cells (<i>left</i>) and wild-type (WT), heterozygous (+/−), and homozygous (−/−) mice (<i>right</i>) by genomic Southern-blot analysis with a 3′ external probe. Mut = mutant allele. <i>c</i> and <i>d,</i> Immunohistochemical detection of Satb2 protein in E13.5 wild-type (<i>c</i>) and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> (<i>d</i>) embryos. Satb2 immunoreactivity (<i>arrowheads</i>) is detected in the forming palatal shelves (ps) of the wild-type embryo, whereas it is not detected in the craniofacial primordia of the <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> embryo; however, possibly because of exon skipping, some Satb2-positive cells are detected in the spinal cord of the <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> embryo, just as they are in the wild-type embryo. ns = Nasal septum; sc = spinal cord; tg = tongue.</div>
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
||
alt="Figure 3." />
|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Figure 3. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><i> Satb2 </i> gene-dosage sensitivity in craniofacial…</div>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Figure 3. </p>
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><i> Satb2 </i> gene-dosage sensitivity in craniofacial development. <i> a–c, </i> Differentially stained skulls of wild-type (wt),…</div>
|
||
|
||
|
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Figure 3.
|
||
</strong>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><i>Satb2</i> gene-dosage sensitivity in craniofacial development. <i>a–c,</i> Differentially stained skulls of wild-type (wt), <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>+/−</i></sup>, and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> neonates demonstrating the effect of gene dosage on upper jaw and palatal (<i>yellow arrowheads</i>) development. White arrows indicate hypoplasia of premaxillae (px) and nasal capsules. Green arrowhead (<i>c</i>) indicates the exacerbated deficiencies of nasal capsules, primary palate, and upper incisors (compare with panel b). Red arrows (<i>b</i> and <i>c</i>) indicate the midline trabecular basal plate. as = Alisphenoid; bs = basisphenoid; mx = maxilla; pg = pterygoid; psm = maxillary palatal shelf; psp = palatine palatal shelf; psx = premaxillary palatal shelf; v = vomer. <i>d–i,</i> Comparative histological sections of nissel-stained wild-type, Satb2<sup>+/−</sup>, and Satb2<sup>−/−</sup> postnatal day 0 and E13.5 embryos, highlighting loss of parasagittal hard- and soft-tissue structures. Arrowheads: green = midline nasal septum; peach = upper molar tooth or bud; turquoise = lower molar tooth or bud; red = body of Meckel’s cartilage; blue outlined in yellow = midline of lower jaw and tongue; black outlined in green = developing palatal shelf; black outlined in red = tongue; black outlined in yellow = developing submandibular gland; white = nasopharynx. <i>j</i> and <i>k,</i> Scanning electron micrographs of wild-type and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> embryos at E12. Unblackened arrowheads indicate the midline, orange arrowheads highlight relative mandibular hypoplasia, and arrows indicate maxillary and FNP deficits (compare oral aperatures). <i>l</i> and <i>m,</i> Gross anatomy of wild-type and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> E16 littermates demonstrating the small mouth, parasagittal hypoplasia, micrognathia, and maintenance of midline structures in mutants. “a–e” indicate relative positions of lateral and mandibular sinus follicles. Arrows are as in panels j and k. <i>n</i> and <i>o,</i> Skulls of the specimen in panels l and m, showing the specific loss of the distal portion of dentaries and distal juxtaposed portion of Meckel’s cartilage (compare <i>orange arrowheads</i>) but the presence of the midline rostral process (<i>unblackened arrowheads</i>). This maintenance of the midline of lower-jaw apparatus is mirrored in the upper jaws by the presence of the nasal septum and associated paraseptal cartilages and vomeronasal organs but the absence of much of the premaxillae and associated nasal capsule and incisors. <i>p</i> and <i>q,</i> Microcephaly, micrognathia (<i>black arrowhead</i>), premaxillary (px) hypoplasia (<i>arrow</i>), and absence of incisors in a neonatal <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> skull seen in <i>norma lateralis</i> (<i>q</i>) compared with a wild-type skull (<i>p</i>). Note the maintenance of the articular region (<i>purple arrowheads</i>). <i>r,</i> Labeled schema of wild-type neonatal dentary indicating the orientation for measuring relative dentary length. agp = Angular process; 2agp = secondary cartilage of agp; cdp = condylar process; 2cdp = secondary cartilage of cdp; crp = coronoid process; dnt = body of the dentary; ina = incisive alveolus; LI = lower incisor; moa = molar alveolus; mtf = mental foramen; rpMC = rostral process of Meckel’s cartilage. <i>s–u,</i> Measurements of neonatal wild-type, <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>+/−</i></sup>, and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> littermates along with <img class="formula-image" alt="formula image" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/1592575/equ/M3"/>, SD, and population size (<i>n</i>) of the measured population for which they are samples.</div>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
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|
||
|
||
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Figure 4. </p>
|
||
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Gene expression in <i> Satb2 </i> <sup> <i> −/−… </i> </sup> </p></div>
|
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
<p> Figure 4. </p>
|
||
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Gene expression in <i> Satb2 </i> <sup> <i> −/− </i> </sup> mutants. <i> a </i> and <i> b, </i> In situ hybridization of… </p></div>
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Gene expression in <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mutants. <i>a</i> and <i>b,</i> In situ hybridization of <i>Msx1</i> (<i>a</i>) and <i>Dlx5</i> (<i>b</i>) in wild-type (wt) and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mutant E10.5 embryos indicating the presence of the initial molecular polarity in the developing branchial arches of <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mutants. l = Lateral frontonasal process; m = medial frontonasal process; md = mandibular BA1; mx = maxillary BA1; op = olfactory pit. <i>c</i> and <i>d,</i> Marked decrease of <i>Pax9</i> expression at E11.5 in the mandibular incisor field (if) of the mutant (<i>red arrowhead</i>) presages the loss of the incisor developmental module. The white arrow indicates the midline. di = Diastema; mf = molar field. <i>e</i> and <i>f,</i> Serial histological sections of wild-type (<i>e, g,</i> and <i>i</i>) and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mutant (<i>f, h,</i> and <i>j</i>) embryos at E13.5 highlight the nasal capsular hypoplasia, microglossia, and loss of submandibular glands in the mutant and the subregional loss (compare <i>red arrowheads</i>) of <i>Alx4</i> (<i>h</i>) and <i>Msx1</i> (<i>j</i>) expression within the base of the developing palate of the mutant. lm = Lower molar bud; MC = Meckel’s cartilage; nc = nasal capsule; ns = nasal septum; oe = olfactory epithelium; ps = palatal shelf; smg = submandibular gland; tg = tongue; um = upper molar bud.</div>
|
||
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||
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||
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|
||
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||
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|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p> Figure 5. </p>
|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Increased cell death at E11.5… </p></div>
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|
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|
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<p> Figure 5. </p>
|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Increased cell death at E11.5 in <i> Satb2 </i> <sup> <i> −/− </i> </sup> mutants. Parasagittal ( <i> a </i> and… </p></div>
|
||
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Figure 5.
|
||
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents">Increased cell death at E11.5 in <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mutants. Parasagittal (<i>a</i> and <i>b</i>) and coronal (<i>c</i> and <i>d</i>) sections of E11.5 wild-type (<i>a</i> and <i>c</i>) and <i>Satb2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> (<i>b</i> and <i>d</i>) embryos assayed for apoptosis (TUNEL) demonstrate focal increases in cell death in the mandibular (md [<i>red arrowheads</i>]), maxillary (mx [<i>yellow arrowheads</i>]), and frontonasal (fnp [<i>yellow arrowheads</i>]) mesenchyme. White arrowheads indicate the midline, green arrowheads indicate the lambdoidal junction, and purple arrowheads point to typical apoptosis found at the maxillo-mandibular junction. fb = Forebrain; hrt = heart; hy = hyoid arch; op = olfactory pit.</div>
|
||
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|
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<strong class="figure-label">
|
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<p> Figure 6. </p>
|
||
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|
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|
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|
||
<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Modeling the significance of <i> Satb2… </i> </p></div>
|
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<p> Figure 6. </p>
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="figure-caption-contents"><p> Modeling the significance of <i> Satb2 </i> for coordination and elaboration of jaw development. <i> a… </i> </p></div>
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Figure 6.
|
||
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<div class="figure-caption-contents">Modeling the significance of <i>Satb2</i> for coordination and elaboration of jaw development. <i>a</i> and <i>b,</i> Hemisected human (<i>a</i>) and canine (<i>b</i>) skulls showing the nature of jaws as hinged, appositional mechanisms of which polarity and potential modularity are characteristics. The translucent circle around the jaw articulation represents the hinge as a region, whereas the blue arrows highlight the polarity generated by the position of the hinge. The potential for modularity inherent in polarized structures is depicted by the relative purple shading of the jaws. <i>c,</i> Functional demands, such as for the matched occlusion of the homodont dentition of the jaws of the Ganges River dolphin (<i>Platanista gangetica</i>), dictate that jaw registration must be ontogenetically coordinated. The lower jaw is lavender to better differentiate the jaws. <i>d</i> and <i>e,</i> Diagrams of E10.5 murine embryos, highlighting the integration of some of the signaling centers believed to act in setting pattern, polarity, and modularity in the developing jaw primordia. The translucent circle represents the presumptive hinge region, whereas the blue arrows indicate positional information, such as Fgf expression, emanating from the first pharyngeal plate and the oral ectoderm at the junction of the maxillary (mxBA1) and mandibular (mdBA1) first arch in this region. This positional information is integrated with midline signaling sources coming from the distal midline mdBA1 and the lambdoidal junction (λ), where mxBA1 meets the medial (mFNP) and lateral (lFNP) frontonasal processes. The relative purple shading signifies the polarity and potential modularity of the primorida set up by this integration. The orange arrowhead indicates the mdBA1 midline, whereas the blue discs indicate the relative positions of <i>Satb2</i> expression in the left-side upper- and lower-jaw primordia. Modified from Depew et al. <i>f,</i> Diagram integrating pattern, polarity, and modularity between embryonic and adult jaws. The disc represents the articulation of the upper and lower jaws, whereas the arrows represent the integrated signaling from the hinge region (<i>blue</i>) and distal ends (<i>red</i>). Polarity and modularity are marked by the toothed modules differentially shaded in purple. <i>g–i,</i> Three (of many) hypothetical scenarios for the modification of jaw modules through the differential regulation of Satb2 activity. Although it is assumed that the default state lies with the equivalence of each complementary module, the functional demands of any particular organism may require the modification of one or more complementary modules. This can occur by altering Satb2 activity at multiple levels, including both transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally. <i>g,</i> Scenario one: simultaneous down-regulation (<i>red bars</i>) of Satb2 activity in the blue modules of both the upper and lower jaws may result in either the diminution of growth of these modules (<i>top arrow</i>) or the loss of these modules (<i>bottom arrow</i>), a scenario essentially examined in our targeted loss of <i>Satb2. h,</i> Scenario two: specific down-regulation (<i>red bars</i>) of Satb2 activity in the upper-jaw blue module, its up-regulation (<i>green arrow</i>) in the lower jaw, or both may result in relative lengthening of the lower jaw, such as seen in the mastodon, <i>Phiomia.</i> Modified from Romer after Andrews. <i>i,</i> Scenario three: specific up-regulation (<i>green arrow</i>) of Satb2 activity in the upper-jaw blue module, its down-regulation (<i>red bars</i>) in the lower jaw, or both may result in relative lengthening of the upper jaw, such as seen in the thecodont, <i>Chasmatosaurus.</i> Modified from Romer.</div>
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Depew MJ, Tucker AS, Sharpe PT (2002) Craniofacial development. In: Rossant J, Tam PPL (eds) Mouse development: patterning, morphogenesis, and organogenesis. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 421–498
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data-ga-label="Blotting, Southern">
|
||
Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Blotting, Southern"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Blotting, Southern"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Cleft Palate / genetics"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Cleft Palate / genetics
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-3"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Cleft Palate / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Cleft+Palate%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Cleft+Palate%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Cleft Palate/genetics"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Cleft Palate / genetics">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Cleft+Palate"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Cleft Palate / genetics">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Cleft Palate/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Cleft Palate/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics"
|
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tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-4"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Craniofacial+Abnormalities%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Craniofacial+Abnormalities%2Fgenetics%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Craniofacial Abnormalities/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics">
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Craniofacial+Abnormalities"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
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data-ga-label="Craniofacial Abnormalities / genetics">
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Craniofacial Abnormalities/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Craniofacial Abnormalities/genetics"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Exons"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Exons
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-5"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Exons"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Exons%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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data-href="/?term=%22Exons%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Exons"[MeSH]"
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
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data-ga-label="Exons">
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Search in PubMed
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Exons"
|
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data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Exons">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
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</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Exons"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Exons"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Female"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Female
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Female"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Female%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Female%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Female"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Female">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Female"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Female">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Female"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Female"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gene Deletion"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Gene Deletion
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
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hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gene Deletion"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Gene+Deletion%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Gene+Deletion%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Gene Deletion"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Deletion">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gene+Deletion"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Deletion">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Gene Deletion"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Gene Deletion"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gene Dosage*"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-8"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Gene Dosage*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-8"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gene Dosage*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Gene+Dosage%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Gene+Dosage%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Gene Dosage"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Dosage*">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gene+Dosage"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Dosage*">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
||
role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Gene Dosage"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
||
data-ga-label=""Gene Dosage"[MAJR]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-9"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Developmental%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Developmental%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Developmental"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
||
data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental"[MeSH]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Gene Targeting"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Gene Targeting
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-10"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Gene Targeting"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Gene+Targeting%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Gene+Targeting%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Gene Targeting"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Targeting">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
||
href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Gene+Targeting"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
||
data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Gene Targeting">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
||
data-search-term=""Gene Targeting"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Gene Targeting"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
||
Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword In Situ Hybridization"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
||
aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-11"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
In Situ Hybridization
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-11"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword In Situ Hybridization"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22In+Situ+Hybridization%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22In+Situ+Hybridization%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="In Situ Hybridization"[MeSH]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="In Situ Hybridization">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=In+Situ+Hybridization"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="In Situ Hybridization">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""In Situ Hybridization"[MeSH]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""In Situ Hybridization"[MeSH]"
|
||
href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
||
</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major"
|
||
aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Jaw / embryology*"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-12"
|
||
aria-expanded="false"
|
||
data-pinger-ignore>
|
||
Jaw / embryology*
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-12"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Jaw / embryology*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
||
href="/?term=%22Jaw%2Fembryology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
data-href="/?term=%22Jaw%2Fembryology%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc"
|
||
ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Jaw/embryology"[MAJR]"
|
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data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term"
|
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data-ga-label="Jaw / embryology*">
|
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Search in PubMed
|
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</a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link"
|
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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Jaw"
|
||
data-ga-category="search_mesh"
|
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data-ga-action="mesh_term_link"
|
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data-ga-label="Jaw / embryology*">
|
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Search in MeSH
|
||
</a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link"
|
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role="button"
|
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data-search-term=""Jaw/embryology"[MAJR]"
|
||
data-ga-category="search"
|
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data-ga-action="add_to_search"
|
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data-ga-label=""Jaw/embryology"[MAJR]"
|
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href="#">
|
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Add to Search
|
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</a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link"
|
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aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Jaw / physiology"
|
||
tabindex="0"
|
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aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-13"
|
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aria-expanded="false"
|
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data-pinger-ignore>
|
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Jaw / physiology
|
||
</button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-13"
|
||
class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container"
|
||
hidden
|
||
aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Jaw / physiology"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link"
|
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Transcription Factors / genetics*
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