nih-gov/ncats.nih.gov/news/releases/2020/nih-expands-clinical-trials-to-test-convalescent-plasma-against-covid-19
2025-02-26 13:17:41 -05:00

439 lines
36 KiB
Text
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<script>document.cookie = "big_pipe_nojs=1; path=/; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"</script>
<meta name="description" content="Two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials funded by the NIH are evaluating convalescent plasma as a treatment for people hospitalized with COVID-19." />
<meta name="keywords" content="COVID-19, convalescent plasma, treatment, clinical trials, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, randomized, placebo" />
<link rel="canonical" href="http://ncats.nih.gov/news-events/news/nih-expands-clinical-trials-to-test-convalescent-plasma-against-covid-19" />
<meta name="google" content="PROqkJCbtNawPO29xzL4ENjcb0_EckySw96i97QXx8s" />
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="PROqkJCbtNawPO29xzL4ENjcb0_EckySw96i97QXx8s" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/d9_subtheme/assets/images/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
<title>NIH expands clinical trials to test convalescent plasma against COVID-19 | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/libraries/drupal-superfish/css/superfish.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/ajax-progress.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/align.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/autocomplete-loading.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/fieldgroup.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/container-inline.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/clearfix.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/details.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/hidden.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/item-list.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/js.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/nowrap.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/position-container.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/progress.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/reset-appearance.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/resize.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/sticky-header.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-counter.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-counters.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-general-info.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tabledrag.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tablesort.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tree-child.module.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/extlink/extlink.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/layout_discovery/layouts/onecol/onecol.css?srmo5o" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@uswds/uswds@3.3.0/dist/css/uswds.min.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.0.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap-icons@1.11.1/font/bootstrap-icons.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/d9_subtheme/css/styles.css?srmo5o" />
<script src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=HHS&amp;subagency=NIH" id="_fed_an_ua_tag" async type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body class="path-node page-node-type-level3">
<a href="#main-content" class="usa-sr-only focusable">
Skip to main content
</a>
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-55CGV66V"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
<section class="navigation-top">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12">
<div class="link-small d-flex">
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov/" title="Go to the hhs.gov" class="" target="_blank">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2023-10/hhs-white.png" alt="HHS Logo">
<span class="d-xl-inline d-lg-inline d-none small">U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services</span>
</a>
<a href="http://www.nih.gov/" title="National Institutes of Health | Homepage" class="" target="_blank">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2023-10/nih-logo.png" alt="NIH Logo">
<span class="d-xl-inline d-lg-inline d-none small">National Institutes of Health</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
<header class="usa-header usa-header--extended usa-header--extended-megamenu" id="header" role="banner">
<div class="region region-header grid-container">
<div class="grid-row grid-gap-1"><div class="desktop:grid-col-3 header-first">
<div class="usa-logo site-logo" id="logo">
<em class="usa-logo__text">
<a class="logo-img" href="/" accesskey="1" title="Home" aria-label="Home">
<img src="/themes/custom/d9_subtheme/logo.png" alt="Home" />
</a>
</em>
</div>
<div class="search-icon d-md-none"><a class="toggle-search" href="#"><i class="bi bi-search"></i></a></div>
</div><div class="desktop:grid-col-7">
<div id="block-navigation" class="block block-superfish block-superfishnavigation">
<ul id="superfish-navigation" class="menu sf-menu sf-navigation sf-horizontal sf-style-none">
<li id="navigation-menu-link-contentaed842ec-f581-4cea-b0b0-4a85c50def86" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/research" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Research</a><ul><li id="navigation-menu-link-content5a3b6aac-7ae9-45d7-929f-fbf776db20f0" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/overview" class="sf-depth-2">Research Overview</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentd0507d8b-7b88-453c-908a-2b7e961c0479" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/our-impact" class="sf-depth-2">Our Impact</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contented530d1e-2ec3-46db-a529-9029be3f3fb4" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/research-activities" class="sf-depth-2">Research Activities</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content2dac8545-38f2-47c0-8993-ea0cae65e123" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/research-resources" class="sf-depth-2">Research Resources</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content311ec98e-6232-4e22-9966-4a9ac796870a" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/training-education" class="sf-depth-2">Training &amp; Education</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content52b1ba41-94ea-4d84-9db7-7482b8f78f16" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/alliances" class="sf-depth-2">Alliances</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contenta185af75-90a5-4cc4-813f-ef66f35e21ea" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/research/collaborate-with-ncats" class="sf-depth-2">Collaborate With NCATS</a></li></ul></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content84a3cc1f-203d-4de6-ab26-d80c256b96dc" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/funding" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Funding</a><ul><li id="navigation-menu-link-content0a09bed2-3d99-4faf-b3c5-fc9a4878629a" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/overview" class="sf-depth-2">Funding Overview</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentd85a1f38-7893-4e4a-8514-5b9e767983e2" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/funding-opportunities" class="sf-depth-2">Open Funding Opportunities</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content81e84c00-ef73-4aff-a15f-7728cc398801" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/small-business-programs" class="sf-depth-2">Small Business Programs</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content631a166b-650b-450f-97b4-9014d14935e9" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/funding-policy-operating-guidelines" class="sf-depth-2">Funding Policy &amp; Operating Guidelines</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content5d56ebe7-b3e8-452a-bd30-df92b0deabef" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/grant-information" class="sf-depth-2">Grant Information</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content4429fdc9-e911-4022-b3dc-3f6a4980b9ff" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/challenges" class="sf-depth-2">Challenges and Prize Competitions</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content943fe682-94ff-4fcf-a6b0-32096d2b2d0e" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/scientific-review" class="sf-depth-2">Scientific Review</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content10496705-320e-4437-b2ba-ea2830b293d1" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/funding/conference-grant-information" class="sf-depth-2">Conference Grant Information</a></li></ul></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentea91f2ef-1b8d-4b1c-83e7-5830769dd505" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/resources" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">Resources For You</a><ul><li id="navigation-menu-link-content567e64e3-685d-41bc-8bf4-130c7689d6a2" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/resources/overview" title="Resources for You" class="sf-depth-2">Resources for You</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content786ce1f5-ff7a-463a-bb05-c01882062426" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/resources/for-researchers" title="Resources for Researchers" class="sf-depth-2">Resources for Researchers</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contente737ec67-ecd0-4f18-915d-b61660cb524f" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/resources/for-trainees" title="Resources for Trainees" class="sf-depth-2">Resources for Trainees</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content8812fdb6-0fb7-4b27-8401-2fc5b3f41ff1" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/resources/for-rare-disease-patients-and-advocates" title="Resources for Rare Disease Patients and Advocates" class="sf-depth-2">Resources for Rare Disease Patients and Advocates</a></li></ul></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contenta8527040-df23-4117-a5a7-566bd83e2c7f" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/news-events" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">News &amp; Events</a><ul><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentf6836a81-a42a-4528-b569-18939d8451da" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/news-events/overview" class="sf-depth-2">News &amp; Events Overview</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content9f44edc6-e5b7-4a92-bcb3-c0a8777461f4" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/news-events/news" class="sf-depth-2">News</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content402cff9f-12b7-459b-9f0f-56606930399c" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/news-events/newsletter" class="sf-depth-2">Newsletters</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content6cd76cbe-053e-4e3b-8961-c9f5def57ba6" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/news-events/events" class="sf-depth-2">Events</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content0a211675-2fb5-45cc-b443-c7946e7d9120" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/news-events/science-publications" class="sf-depth-2">Scientific Publications</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contente6d4ed4f-826f-41b4-a9e2-728c2fb4ca62" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/news-events/multimedia" class="sf-depth-2">Multimedia</a></li></ul></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentf1eb1fa8-5813-433c-9bcc-dc56f2e258f3" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent"><a href="/about" class="sf-depth-1 menuparent">About NCATS</a><ul><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentada9a195-ae5a-446a-9014-c1232164e6db" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/ncats-overview" class="sf-depth-2">NCATS Overview</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentd5e0369a-aded-4348-84f7-463c64498447" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/about-translational-science" class="sf-depth-2">About Translational Science</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contente298b7b2-724e-408b-9bb9-afcaac57a751" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/advisory-committees" class="sf-depth-2">Advisory Committees</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentbc9c91b7-8d3d-4d2c-af65-c25ef894d269" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/budget" class="sf-depth-2">Budget</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contenta4ed4439-05db-4a41-9357-731c2ff74543" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/director" class="sf-depth-2">Director&#039;s Corner</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-contentb50f96af-3723-4634-8566-4e60c2639491" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/divisions-and-offices" class="sf-depth-2">Divisions &amp; Offices</a></li><li id="navigation-menu-link-content41d11ad4-c576-46be-a326-1f8cf5059354" class="sf-depth-2 sf-no-children"><a href="/about/our-staff" class="sf-depth-2">Our Staff</a></li></ul></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="desktop:grid-col-2 search-block">
<form class="usa-search usa-search--small" action="/search/node" method="get" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8">
<div role="search">
<input class="usa-input" id="extended-search-field-small" type="search" name="keys" />
<button class="usa-button" type="submit">
<img src="/themes/custom/d9_subtheme/node_modules/@uswds/uswds/dist/img/usa-icons-bg/search--white.svg" class="usa-search__submit-icon" alt="Search">
</button>
</div>
</form>
</div></div>
</div>
<nav class="usa-nav" role="navigation">
<div class="usa-nav__inner">
<button type="button" class="usa-nav__close">
<img src="/themes/custom/d9_subtheme/node_modules/@uswds/uswds/dist/img/usa-icons/close.svg" alt="close"/>
</button>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<main class="main-content usa-layout-docs usa-section " role="main"
id="main-content">
<div class="grid-container-">
<div class="grid-row">
</div>
<div class="">
</div>
<div class="grid-row ">
</div>
<div class="grid-row grid-gap">
<div class="usa-layout-docs__main desktop:grid-col-fill">
<div class="">
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
<div id="block-d9-subtheme-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block">
<article data-history-node-id="17832">
<div>
<div class="container layout layout--onecol">
<div class="layout__region layout__region--content">
<div class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block">
<nav class="usa-breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb">
<h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="usa-sr-only">Breadcrumb</h2>
<ol class="usa-breadcrumb__list">
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<a href="/" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Home</span></a>
</li>
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<a href="/news-events/overview" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>News &amp; Events</span></a>
</li>
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<a href="/news-events/news" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>News</span></a>
</li>
<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item">
<span>NIH Expands Clinical Trials To Test Convalescent Plasma Against COVID-19</span>
</li>
</ol>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="block block-layout-builder block-extra-field-blocknodelevel3content-moderation-control">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container layout layout--onecol">
<div class="layout__region layout__region--content">
<div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelevel3title">
<h1 class="page-title">NIH expands clinical trials to test convalescent plasma against COVID-19</h1>
</div>
<div class="block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodelevel3body">
<div style="background-color:#E3EBED;margin:12px 0;padding:20px;"><p style="margin:0 0 10px 0;padding:0;"><strong>UPDATE:</strong></p><ul style="margin:0 18px;padding:0;"><li>Results from the CONTAIN COVID-19 trial showed that for people hospitalized with COVID-19, convalescent plasma taken from those who had recovered was not more effective than placebo in delivering clinical improvement. <a href="/news-events/news/2022/statement-on-nih-study-testing-convalescent-plasma-in-hospitalized-patients" title="Read a statement about the results published in January 2022">Read a statement about the results published in January 2022</a>.</li><li>Results from the Passive Immunity Trial for our Nation (PassITON) showed that treatment with convalescent plasma did not improve clinical outcomes in adults hospitalized with COVID-19. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35780813/" title="Read the journal article published in June 2022">Read the journal article published in June 2022</a>.</li></ul></div><div class="caption-right-md"><img class="img-responsive" src="/sites/default/files/CP_900x600px.jpg" alt="Person donates plasma." width="900" height="600"><div class="caption-text"><p>Two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are evaluating convalescent plasma from people who have recovered from COVID-19 as a treatment for those hospitalized with COVID-19. <em>(Alex Edelman/AFP via Getty Images)</em></p></div></div><p>September 22, 2020</p><p><em>Rigorous studies to build on earlier efforts to test the experimental treatment</em></p><p>Two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are expanding enrollment to further evaluate convalescent plasma as a treatment for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Preliminary observational studies indicate that convalescent plasma may improve outcomes among severely ill and hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Prospective, well-controlled randomized trials are needed to generate sufficient data on whether convalescent plasma is effective and safe for the treatment of COVID-19.</p><p>Convalescent plasma is blood plasma taken from people who have recovered from COVID-19. It contains antibodies that can recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as other components that may contribute to an immune response.</p><p>“The evidence on convalescent plasma as a treatment for severe cases of COVID-19 is promising but incomplete. We need to carry out rigorous randomized control clinical trials to determine how this therapy can improve outcomes,” said NIH Director Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D. “While the world waits for an effective vaccine, it is vital that we simultaneously expand the options for available treatments for those currently suffering from the worst effects of this disease.”</p><p>The trials expect to enroll hospitalized patients across the country at academic and community-based hospitals. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive the treatment or a placebo. Outcomes will be compared with respect to clinical improvement measures and resource needs, such as ventilators. Both trials currently are enrolling participants and anticipate results as early as this fall.</p><p>The trials are receiving $48 million in support through <a href="https://www.hhs.gov/about/news/2020/06/16/fact-sheet-explaining-operation-warp-speed.html">Operation Warp Speed (OWS)</a>, a collaborative initiative across federal agencies to advance the development, manufacturing and distribution of COVID19 vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics.</p><p>The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), part of NIH, will oversee the grant awards through its <a href="/research/research-activities/ctsa">Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program</a> research network. The CTSAs <a href="/research/research-activities/ctsa/projects/tin">Trial Innovation Network (TIN)</a> will play a key role in working to add study sites and enroll patients, including those from communities disproportionately affected by COVID-19.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>“The rapid expansion of these vital randomized, controlled convalescent plasma clinical trials demonstrates how nimbly the network of CTSA Program hubs and the TIN can respond to the nations research needs and shorten the path from discovery to treatment,” said NCATS Director Christopher P. Austin, M.D.</p><p>One trial, called Convalescent Plasma to Limit COVID-19 Complications in Hospitalized Patients, was launched in April by NYU Langone Health in New York, with collaboration from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, and with funding from NCATS. To increase enrollment in the trial, NYU is partnering with The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston and the University of Miami in Florida to enroll participants at sites in these states.</p><p>With these additional sites, this trial expects to enroll approximately 1,000 hospitalized patients 18 years or older with respiratory symptoms of COVID-19. The trial is primarily assessing clinical improvement at 14 and 28 days and also will be evaluating outcomes based on mortality, intensive care unit admission and patient antibody concentrations. Additional information about this study and participation is available at <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a> under study identifier <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04364737?term=Einstein%2C+plasma&amp;cond=COVID&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1" rel="noopener" target="_blank">NCT04364737</a>.</p><p>The trial called Passive Immunity Trial of Our Nation for COVID-19 also is expanding to enroll about 1,000 participants. Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, which launched the trial in April, will have access to about 50 additional clinical trial sites across the CTSA Program. Participants are 18 years or older with acute respiratory infection symptoms and laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection; they may be hospitalized or in an emergency department and likely to be admitted. The trial primarily will assess clinical improvement at 15 days and also will evaluate ventilation use, supplemental oxygen use, acute kidney injury and cardiovascular events. Additional information about this study and participation is available at <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a> under study identifier <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04362176?term=NCT04362176&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1" rel="noopener" target="_blank">NCT04362176</a>.</p><p>Media Contact: <a href="mailto:info@ncats.nih.gov">info@ncats.nih.gov</a></p><p><strong>About the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS):</strong>&nbsp;NCATS conducts and supports research on the science and operation of translation — the process by which interventions to improve health are developed and implemented — to allow more treatments to get to more patients more quickly. For more information about how NCATS helps shorten the journey from scientific observation to clinical intervention, visit <a href="https://ncats.nih.gov/">https://ncats.nih.gov</a>.</p><p><strong>About the National Institutes of Health (NIH):</strong>&nbsp;NIH, the nations medical research agency, includes 27&nbsp;Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit <a href="https://www.nih.gov/">https://www.nih.gov</a>.</p><p align="center"><em><strong>NIH…Turning Discovery Into Health<sup>®</sup></strong></em></p><p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article>
</div>
<div id="block-footercss" class="block block-block-content block-block-content2db33373-6fb7-49c5-be2f-83266eddea39">
<style type="text/css">
ul#superfish-navigation li { line-height:1.25; }
.region-header .block-superfish ul.sf-menu li a {padding-right:40px !important;}
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
ul.sf-menu.sf-navigation li.menuparent ul {width:280px !important;}
}
.main-content article .menu--navigation {
display:flex;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: stretch;
}
.main-content article .menu--navigation li {
flex: 1 1 0;
width: 0;
align-items: center;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
.main-content article .menu--navigation li .dropdown-toggle {
white-space: unset;
}
.image-box img,
div.col-md-4.col-lg-2 img {
height: auto;
}
.caption-left-md {
float: left;
width: 50%;
margin: 0 1% 2% 0;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.caption-left-md img {
width: 100%!important;
height: auto;
}
div.block.block-layout-builder.block-field-blocknodestafffield-divisions-office {
display: none
}
@media (max-width: 992px) {
.main-content article .menu--navigation {
flex-direction:column;
}
.main-content article .menu--navigation li {
display:inline-block;
margin:0;
padding:.25rem;
width: auto;
text-align:left;
}
.main-content article .menu--navigation li:hover, .main-content article .menu--navigation li.active {
border-bottom: 4px solid transparent !important;
}
.main-content article .menu--navigation li:hover a, .main-content article .menu--navigation li.active a {
border-bottom:4px solid #00626f !important;
padding-bottom:4px;
}
}
p.last-update-container {
font-size: 15px;
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</main>
<div>
<div id="block-d9-subtheme-lastupdateblock" class="block block-ncats-common block-last-update-block">
<div class="container"><p class="last-update-container">Last updated on February 13, 2025</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="pt-4 footer mt-4">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 py-4">
<img src="/sites/default/files/2023-10/ncats-logo-footer.png" class="img-fluid" alt="NCATS">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="container">
<div class="row justify-content-between">
<div class="col-xl-4">
<div class="pt-4">
<address>
9609 Medical Center Drive<br>
Rockville, MD 20850-9793<br>
301-594-8966<br>
<a href="mailto:ncatsinfo@nih.gov">ncatsinfo@nih.gov</a>
</address>
</div>
<div class="text-white social-links mt-4">
<h5>Connect with us</h5>
<ul id="social-media-icons" class="list-unstyled d-flex mb-4">
<li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/ncats.nih.gov" title="Visit us on Facebook" target="_blank"><i class="bi bi-facebook"></i></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/nih-ncats" title="Visit us on LinkedIn" target="_blank"><i class="bi bi-linkedin"></i></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.twitter.com/ncats_nih_gov" title="Visit us on X" target="_blank"><i class="bi bi-twitter-x"></i></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/ncatsmedia" title="View our videos on YouTube" target="_blank"><i class="bi bi-youtube"></i></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/64860478@N05/" target="_blank" title="View our photos on Flickr"><img src="/sites/default/files/2023-10/flickr.png" alt="View our photos on Flickr" style="height:24px;"></a></li>
</ul>
<p class="small">For <a href="http://edi.nih.gov/consulting/language-access-program/about" target="_blank">language access assistance</a>, contact the <a href="mailto:ncatsinfo@nih.gov">NCATS Public Information Officer</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xl-3 text-white mt-5 d-lg-none d-sm-none d-none d-xl-block">
<div id="mc_embed_shell">
<div id="mc_embed_signup">
<form action="https://nih.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=e06bd55ccbb41f1a362306dff&amp;id=d32fa404b4&amp;f_id=0087b1edf0" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" target="_blank">
<h5>Subscribe to NCATS News</h5>
<p>If you would like to stay up to date with the latest information from us, please sign up for NCATS News.</p>
<div id="mce-responses" class="clear">
<div class="response" id="mce-error-response" style="display: none;"></div>
<div class="response" id="mce-success-response" style="display: none;"></div>
</div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="email" name="EMAIL" class="required email form-control" id="mce-EMAIL" required="" value="" placeholder="Enter Email" aria-label="Recipient's username" aria-describedby="button-addon2" tabindex="-1">
<div aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;"><input type="text" name="b_e06bd55ccbb41f1a362306dff_d32fa404b4" tabindex="-1" value=""></div>
<button type="submit" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button btn" value="Subscribe">Submit</button>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="//s3.amazonaws.com/downloads.mailchimp.com/js/mc-validate.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">(function($) {window.fnames = new Array(); window.ftypes = new Array();fnames[0]='EMAIL';ftypes[0]='email';fnames[1]='FNAME';ftypes[1]='text';fnames[2]='LNAME';ftypes[2]='text';fnames[3]='SIGNUP';ftypes[3]='text';}(jQuery));var $mcj = jQuery.noConflict(true);</script></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- footer menu section -->
<section class="footer-menu py-3 mb-xl-0 mb-lg-0 mb-sm-5 mt-4">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12">
<ul class="list-unstyled d-xl-flex d-lg-flex d-sm-block d-block justify-content-center mb-0">
<li><a href="https://ncats.nih.gov/">NCATS Home</a></li>
<li><a href="/sitemap">Site Map</a></li>
<li><a href="/privacy">Privacy Notice</a></li>
<li><a href="/comments">Comment Policy</a></li>
<li><a href="/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li>
<li><a href="/foia">FOIA</a></li>
<li><a href="http://oig.hhs.gov/" target="_blank">OIG</a></li>
<li class="border-0"><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" target="_blank">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</footer>
</div>
<script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/17832","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJx1j8EOwjAMQ3-o0DNfU2Vt1pWlzdSkbPt7OgkhQONi2c_yweHmpA06YUYLIqhiwgfCTbEWoAt02TV5MR1RKrMNtS1A11c0kTkSOoVoY5fffIU7bN8wG4Kdm7qQxPMD6265oGcy0hasY5LJvt0Zc9OxSkWx6GkvGYjEV8Ry3h-uf5V_7cKSNHFf76KY7QCCpskaxB3WjhUyrlznJ5W4glk","theme":"d9_subtheme","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_classes":false,"allowlist_classes":"","blocklist_classes":"","include_environment":false,"environment_id":"","environment_token":""},"tagIds":["GTM-55CGV66V"]},"gtag":{"tagId":"G-ZZQ8H5G8ZX","otherIds":[],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":true,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":true,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"You are leaving the NIH website.\r\n\r\nThis external link provides additional information that is consistent with the intended purpose of this site. NIH cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal site.\r\n\r\nLinking to a non-federal site does not constitute an endorsement by NIH or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the site. You will be subject to the destination site\u0027s privacy policy when you follow the link.","mailtoClass":"mailto","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"superfish":{"superfish-navigation":{"id":"superfish-navigation","sf":{"animation":{"opacity":"show","height":"show"},"speed":"fast"},"plugins":{"smallscreen":{"mode":"window_width","accordionButton":0,"title":"Navigation"},"supposition":true,"supersubs":true}}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"24b2a698a72e7a44d4f2d94d9880a6ba82bfbc8b8200dee23422144335254cbc"}}</script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js?v=3.7.1"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/once/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupal.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupal.init.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/tabbable/index.umd.min.js?v=6.2.0"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@uswds/uswds@3.3.0/dist/js/uswds.min.js"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/progress.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/loadjs/loadjs.min.js?v=4.2.0"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/debounce.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/announce.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/message.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/ajax.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/themes/custom/d9_subtheme/js/script.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/extlink/extlink.js?v=10.2.3"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.ajax.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/libraries/drupal-superfish/superfish.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/libraries/drupal-superfish/jquery.hoverIntent.minified.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/libraries/drupal-superfish/sfsmallscreen.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/libraries/drupal-superfish/supposition.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/libraries/drupal-superfish/supersubs.js?srmo5o"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/superfish/js/superfish.js?v=2.0"></script>
</body>
</html>