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<h1>Coagulation Factor Tests</h1>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What are Coagulation Factor Tests?</h2>
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<p>Coagulation factors are proteins in your blood. They help form <a data-tid="6076" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bloodclots.html">blood clots</a> to stop <a data-tid="6039" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bleeding.html">bleeding</a> when you have an injury. These proteins are also called clotting factors. You have several different types of clotting factors that are all important for making blood clots.</p>
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<p>Coagulation factor tests are blood tests that check one or more of your clotting factors to see if you:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Have too much or too little of a clotting factor</li>
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<li>Are missing a clotting factor</li>
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<li>Have a clotting factor that isn't working properly</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Your liver makes most of your clotting factors. But normally, clotting factors are turned off, so you don't form abnormal blood clots. When you have an injury that causes bleeding, blood cells called platelets begin to make a soft blood clot to stop the bleeding.</p>
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<p>The platelets release molecules into your blood that begin to turn on the clotting factors. The clotting factors work together in a chain reaction to form a harder blood clot that will stay firmly in place.</p>
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<p>Problems with any one of your clotting factors may mean that:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Your blood clots too easily, even without an injury.</strong> This condition may lead to clots that block your blood flow and cause serious conditions, such as <a data-tid="5" href="https://medlineplus.gov/heartattack.html">heart attack</a>, <a data-tid="8" href="https://medlineplus.gov/stroke.html">stroke</a>, or <a data-tid="377" href="https://medlineplus.gov/pulmonaryembolism.html">clots in the lungs</a>.</li>
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||
<li><strong>Your blood doesn't clot enough after an injury or surgery.</strong> If this happens, you have a <a data-tid="166" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bleedingdisorders.html">bleeding disorder</a>. Bleeding disorders can lead to serious blood loss after an injury.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Clotting factors have names, such as fibrinogen and prothrombin. Each clotting factor also has a Roman numeral name, such as "clotting factor II."</p>
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<p>Other names: blood clotting factors, factor assays, factor assay by number (Factor I, Factor II, Factor VIII, etc.) or by name (fibrinogen, prothrombin, hemophilia A, hemophilia B, etc.), coagulation panel</p></div>
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</section>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What is it used for?</h2>
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<p>A coagulation factor test is used to find out if you have a problem with any of your clotting factors that may cause too little or too much blood clotting.</p>
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<p>Coagulation factor tests are also used to monitor people who have a known problem with clotting factors or who take medicine called <a data-tid="4861" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bloodthinners.html">blood thinners</a> to lower the risk of blood clots.</p>
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<p>You may have tests for one or more factors at a time.</p></div>
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</section>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Why do I need a coagulation factor test?</h2>
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<p>You may need this test if you have:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>An abnormal result on a blood test that checks how long it takes your blood to clot.</strong> These tests include a <a data-pid="13101" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/prothrombin-time-test-and-inr-ptinr/">prothrombin time test and INR (PT/INR)</a> and/or a <a data-pid="1389" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/partial-thromboplastin-time-ptt-test/">partial thromboplastin time test (PTT)</a>.</li>
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||
<li><strong>A family health history of problems with clotting factors.</strong> Some conditions that affect clotting factors, such <a data-tid="3115" href="https://medlineplus.gov/hemophilia.html">hemophilia</a>, are <a data-pid="20089" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/inheritance/">inherited</a>. That means that your parents passed the gene for the disease to you. These conditions are not common.</li>
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||
<li>
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||
<p><strong>A health condition that may affect clotting factors in your blood:</strong></p>
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||
<p>Conditions that may cause a bleeding disorder include:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Severe <a data-tid="310" href="https://medlineplus.gov/liverdiseases.html">liver disease</a></li>
|
||
<li>A lack of <a data-tid="5388" href="https://medlineplus.gov/vitamink.html">vitamin K</a></li>
|
||
<li><a data-tid="1211" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bloodtransfusionanddonation.html">Blood transfusions</a></li>
|
||
<li><a data-tid="25" href="https://medlineplus.gov/cancer.html">Cancer</a></li>
|
||
<li><a data-tid="295" href="https://medlineplus.gov/immunesystemanddisorders.html">Immune disorders</a></li>
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||
</ul>
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<p>Conditions that may cause a problem with blood clots include:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a data-tid="154" href="https://medlineplus.gov/autoimmunediseases.html">Autoimmune diseases</a>, such as <a data-tid="82" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lupus.html">lupus</a></li>
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<li>Cancer</li>
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<li><a data-tid="61" href="https://medlineplus.gov/obesity.html">Obesity</a></li>
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<li>Certain infections, such as <a data-tid="3210" href="https://medlineplus.gov/sepsis.html">sepsis</a> and <a data-tid="3181" href="https://medlineplus.gov/covid19coronavirusdisease2019.html">COVID-19</a></li>
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<li>Not moving for long periods of time, such as after surgery</li>
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<li>Lack of <a data-tid="5376" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bvitamins.html">vitamins B6, B12, and folate</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><p><strong>Symptoms that may be from a problem with clotting factors:</strong></p>
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<p>Symptoms of bleeding disorders may include:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Heavy bleeding that doesn't stop with pressure after an injury, dental procedure, or surgery</li>
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||
<li>Frequent nosebleeds that start on their own</li>
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||
<li>Blood in urine (pee) or stool (poop)</li>
|
||
<li>Frequent, large bruises or tiny red or brown spots under the skin</li>
|
||
<li>Redness, swelling, pain, or stiffness from bleeding into muscles or joints</li>
|
||
<li>Heavy menstrual periods</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Symptoms of too much blood clotting may include:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Swelling, redness, warmth, and pain in your arms or legs which may be from a <a data-tid="1683" href="https://medlineplus.gov/deepveinthrombosis.html">clot</a></li>
|
||
<li>Trouble breathing from a clot that's traveled to your lung</li>
|
||
<li>Nausea</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What happens during a coagulation factor test?</h2>
|
||
<p>A health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial. You may feel a little sting when the needle goes in or out. This usually takes less than five minutes.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Will I need to do anything to prepare for the test?</h2>
|
||
<p>You don't need any special preparations for a coagulation factor test.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Are there any risks to the test?</h2>
|
||
<p>There is very little risk to having a blood test. You may have slight pain or bruising at the spot where the needle was put in, but most symptoms go away quickly.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What do the results mean?</h2>
|
||
<p>Your provider may need to order other tests to diagnose the cause of a problem with your clotting factors.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Lower than normal levels of one or more clotting factors or a missing clotting factor</strong> may mean you have a bleeding disorder. Depending on which clotting factors were tested, your results may show the type of bleeding disorder you have and how serious it is.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Bleeding disorders that you inherit</strong> usually involve only one clotting factor. There is no cure for inherited bleeding disorders, but treatment can help manage your condition.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Bleeding disorders caused by other conditions</strong> usually involve low levels of two or more clotting factors. Treatment depends on the cause of your bleeding disorder.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Higher than normal levels of one or more clotting factors</strong> may mean you have a disorder that makes your blood clot more than it should. Your provider may recommend medicine and <a data-tid="1598" href="https://medlineplus.gov/howtopreventheartdisease.html">heart-healthy lifestyle changes</a> to help prevent clots. You may also need to avoid <a data-tid="1610" href="https://medlineplus.gov/hormonereplacementtherapy.html">hormone replacement therapy</a> for menopause and birth control pills with estrogen, because they may increase the risk of blood clots.</p>
|
||
<p>Talk with your provider to find out what your tests results mean and what treatment is best for you.</p>
|
||
<p>Learn more about <a data-pid="806" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/how-to-understand-your-lab-results/">laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results</a>.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-refs mp-content"><h2>References</h2>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>American Heart Association [Internet]. Dallas: American Heart Association Inc.; c2022. What is Excessive Blood Clotting (Hypercoagulation)?; [; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/venous-thromboembolism/what-is-excessive-blood-clotting-hypercoagulation" target="bibliowin">https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/venous-thromboembolism/what-is-excessive-blood-clotting-hypercoagulation</a></li>
|
||
<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; About Hemophilia; [updated 2020 Jul 17; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hemophilia/about/" target="bibliowin">https://www.cdc.gov/hemophilia/about/</a></li>
|
||
<li>Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Handbook of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests. 2nd Ed, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Coagulation Factor Assay; 156–7 p.</li>
|
||
<li>Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center [Internet]. Indianapolis: Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center Inc.; c2022. Conditions; [cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 1 screen]. Available from: <a href="https://www.ihtc.org/conditions" target="bibliowin">https://www.ihtc.org/conditions</a></li>
|
||
<li>Johns Hopkins Medicine [Internet]. Johns Hopkins Medicine; c2022. Coagulation Disorders; [cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coagulation-disorders" target="bibliowin">https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/coagulation-disorders</a></li>
|
||
<li>Lab Tests Online UK [Internet]. London (UK).: The Association for Clinical Biochemistry & Laboratory Medicine; Coagulation Factors [updated 2017 Feb 27; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 7 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://labtestsonline.org.uk/tests/coagulation-factors" target="bibliowin">https://labtestsonline.org.uk/tests/coagulation-factors</a></li>
|
||
<li>Merck Manual Consumer Version [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co., Inc.; c2022. Overview of Blood Clotting Disorders; [reviewed 2021 Sep; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/blood-disorders/bleeding-due-to-clotting-disorders/overview-of-blood-clotting-disorders" target="bibliowin">https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/blood-disorders/bleeding-due-to-clotting-disorders/overview-of-blood-clotting-disorders</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Blood Tests; [updated 2022 Mar 24; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 7 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/blood-tests" target="bibliowin">https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/blood-tests</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Bleeding Disorders; [updated 2022 Mar 24; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 7 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/bleeding-disorders" target="bibliowin">https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/bleeding-disorders</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Blood Clotting Disorders; [updated 2022 Mar 24; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 7 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/clotting-disorders/treatment" target="bibliowin">https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/clotting-disorders/treatment</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Hemophilia Foundation [Internet]. New York: National Hemophilia Foundation; c2022. Other Factor Deficiencies; [cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/types/other-factor-deficiencies" target="bibliowin">https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/types/other-factor-deficiencies</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Hemophilia Foundation [Internet]. New York: National Hemophilia Foundation; c2022. What is a Bleeding Disorder?; [cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/overview/what-is-a-bleeding-disorder" target="bibliowin">https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/overview/what-is-a-bleeding-disorder</a></li>
|
||
<li>Riley Children's Health [Internet]. Carmel (IN): Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health; c2022. Coagulation Disorders; [cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.rileychildrens.org/health-info/coagulation-disorders" target="bibliowin">https://www.rileychildrens.org/health-info/coagulation-disorders</a></li>
|
||
<li>UF Health: University of Florida Health [Internet]. University of Florida; c2022. Factor X deficiency: Overview; [updated 2019 Jan 19; cited 2022 Apr 25]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://ufhealth.org/factor-x-deficiency" target="bibliowin">https://ufhealth.org/factor-x-deficiency</a></li>
|
||
<li>Senst B, Tadi P, Goyal A, et al. Hypercoagulability. [Updated 2021 Sep 29; cited 2022 Apr 25]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538251/" target="bibliowin">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538251/</a></li>
|
||
</ol></div>
|
||
</section>
|
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|
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<h2>Related Health Topics</h2>
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<div class="section-body">
|
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<ul class="relatedmp">
|
||
|
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/bleedingdisorders.html">Bleeding Disorders</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/geneticdisorders.html">Genetic Disorders</a></li>
|
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|
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|
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/hemophilia.html">Hemophilia</a></li>
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</div></section>
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<section><div class="side-section">
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<h2>Related Medical Tests</h2>
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/how-to-cope-with-medical-test-anxiety/">How to Cope with Medical Test Anxiety</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/how-to-understand-your-lab-results/">How to Understand Your Lab Results</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/partial-thromboplastin-time-ptt-test/">Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) Test</a></li>
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|
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|
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|
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/what-you-need-to-know-about-blood-testing/">What You Need to Know About Blood Testing</a></li>
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"headline": "Coagulation Factor Tests",
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||
"description": "Coagulation factors are proteins in your blood. They help form blood clots to stop bleeding when you have an injury. These proteins are also called clotting factors. You have several different types of clotting factors that are all important for making blood clots. Coagulation factor tests are blood tests that check one or more of your clotting factors to see if you: Have too much or too little of a clotting factor; Are missing a clotting factor; Have a clotting factor that isn't working properly; Your liver makes most of your clotting factors. But normally, clotting factors are turned off, so you don't form abnormal blood clots. When you have an injury that causes bleeding, blood cells called platelets begin to make a soft blood clot to stop the bleeding. The platelets release molecules into your blood that begin to turn on the clotting factors. The clotting factors work together in a chain reaction to form a harder blood clot that will stay firmly in place. Problems with any one of your clotting factors may mean that: Your blood clots too easily, even without an injury. This condition may lead to clots that block your blood flow and cause serious conditions, such as heart attack, stroke, or clots in the lungs.; Your blood doesn't clot enough after an injury or surgery. If this happens, you have a bleeding disorder. Bleeding disorders can lead to serious blood loss after an injury.; Clotting factors have names, such as fibrinogen and prothrombin. Each clotting factor also has a Roman numeral name, such as 'clotting factor II.' Other names: blood clotting factors, factor assays, factor assay by number (Factor I, Factor II, Factor VIII, etc.) or by name (fibrinogen, prothrombin, hemophilia A, hemophilia B, etc.), coagulation panel",
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