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</div><div><span>Dysarthria</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Dysarthria</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Dysarthria is a condition in which you have difficulty saying words because of problems with the muscles that help you talk.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>In a person with dysarthria, a nerve, brain, or muscle disorder makes it difficult to use or control the muscles of the mouth, tongue, larynx, or vocal cords.</p><p>The muscles may be weak or completely paralyzed. Or, it may be hard for the muscles to work together.</p><p>Dysarthria may be the result of brain damage due to:</p><ul><li>Brain injury</li><li><a test="test" href="./007222.htm">Brain tumor</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000739.htm">Dementia</a></li><li>Disease that causes the brain to lose its function (degenerative brain disease)</li><li><a test="test" href="./000737.htm">Multiple sclerosis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000755.htm">Parkinson disease</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000726.htm">Stroke</a></li></ul><p>Dysarthria may result from damage to the nerves that supply the muscles that help you talk, or to the muscles themselves from:</p><ul><li>Face or neck trauma</li><li>Surgery for head and neck cancer, such as partial or total removal of the tongue or <a test="test" href="./007398.htm">voice box</a></li></ul><p>Dysarthria may be caused by diseases that affect nerves and muscles (neuromuscular diseases):</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000716.htm">Cerebral palsy</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001190.htm">Muscular dystrophy</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000712.htm">Myasthenia gravis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000688.htm">Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</a> (ALS), or Lou Gehrig disease</li></ul><p>Other causes may include:</p><ul><li>Alcohol or illegal drug or medicine intoxication</li><li>Poorly fitting dentures</li><li>Side effects of medicines that act on the central nervous system, such as narcotics, phenytoin, or carbamazepine </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Depending on its cause, dysarthria may develop slowly or occur suddenly.</p><p>People with dysarthria have trouble making certain sounds or words.</p><p>Their speech is poorly pronounced (such as slurring), and the rhythm or speed of their speech changes. Other symptoms include:</p><ul><li>Sounding as though they are mumbling</li><li>Speaking softly or in a whisper</li><li>Speaking in a nasal or stuffy, hoarse, strained, or breathy voice</li></ul><p>A person with dysarthria may also drool and have problems chewing or swallowing. It may be hard to move the lips, tongue, or jaw.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will take a medical history and perform a physical exam. Family and friends may need to help with the medical history.</p><p>A procedure called laryngoscopy may be done. During this procedure, a flexible viewing scope is placed in the mouth and throat to view the voice box.</p><p>Tests that may be done if the cause of the dysarthria is unknown include:</p><ul><li>Blood tests for toxins or vitamin levels</li><li>Imaging tests, such as an <a test="test" href="./003335.htm">MRI</a> or <a test="test" href="./003330.htm">CT scan</a> of the brain or neck</li><li>Nerve conduction studies and <a test="test" href="./003929.htm">electromyogram</a> to check the electrical function of the nerves or muscles</li><li>Swallowing study, which may include <a test="test" href="./003337.htm">x-rays</a> and drinking a special liquid </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>You may need to be referred to a speech and language therapist for testing and treatment. Special skills you may learn include:</p><ul><li>Safe chewing or swallowing techniques, if needed</li><li>To avoid conversations when you are tired or eating</li><li>To repeat sounds over and over again so you can learn mouth movements</li><li>To speak slowly, use a louder voice, and pause to make sure other people understand</li><li>What to do when you feel frustrated while speaking </li></ul><p>You can use many different devices or techniques to help with speech, such as:</p><ul><li>Apps that use photos or speech</li><li>Computers or cell phones to type out words</li><li>Flip cards with words or symbols </li></ul><p>Surgery may help people with dysarthria.</p><p>Things that family and friends can do to <a test="test" href="../patientinstructions/000033.htm">communicate better</a> with someone who has dysarthria include:</p><ul><li>Turn off the radio or TV.</li><li>Move to a quieter room if needed.</li><li>Make sure lighting in the room is good.</li><li>Sit close enough so that you and the person who has dysarthria can use visual cues.</li><li>Make eye contact with each other. </li></ul><p>Listen carefully and allow the person to finish. Be patient. Make eye contact with them before speaking. Give positive feedback for their effort.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Depending on the cause of dysarthria, symptoms may improve, stay the same, or get worse slowly or quickly.</p><ul><li>People with ALS eventually lose the ability to speak.</li><li>Some people with Parkinson disease or multiple sclerosis lose the ability to speak.</li><li>Dysarthria caused by medicines or poorly fitting dentures can be reversed.</li><li>Dysarthria caused by a stroke or brain injury will not get worse, and may improve.</li><li>Dysarthria after surgery to the tongue or voice box should not get worse, and may improve with therapy. </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Contact your provider if you have:</p><ul><li>Chest pain, chills, fever, shortness of breath, or other symptoms of pneumonia</li><li>Coughing or choking</li><li>Difficulty speaking to or communicating with other people</li><li>Feelings of sadness or depression</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Impairment of speech; Slurred speech; Speech disorders - dysarthria</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Ambrosi D, Lee YT. Rehabilitation of swallowing disorders. In: Cifu DX, ed. <em>Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 3.</p><p>Kirshner HS. Dysarthria and apraxia of speech. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. <em>Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 14.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 8/19/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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