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</div><div><span>Enlarged liver</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Enlarged liver</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Enlarged liver refers to swelling of the liver beyond its normal size. Hepatomegaly is another word to describe this problem.</p><p>If both the liver and <a test="test" href="./003276.htm">spleen</a> are enlarged, it is called hepatosplenomegaly.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The lower edge of the liver normally comes just to the lower edge of the ribs on the right side. The edge of the liver is normally thin and firm. It cannot be felt with the fingertips below the edge of the ribs, except when you take a deep breath. It may be enlarged if a health care provider can feel it in this area.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>The liver is involved in many of the body's functions. Its function is affected by many conditions that can cause hepatomegaly, including:</p><ul><li>Alcohol use (especially alcohol abuse)</li><li>Cancer <a test="test" href="./000277.htm">metastases</a> (spread of cancer to the liver)</li><li><a test="test" href="./000158.htm">Congestive heart failure</a></li><li>Glycogen storage disease</li><li><a test="test" href="./000278.htm">Hepatitis A</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000279.htm">Hepatitis B</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000284.htm">Hepatitis C</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000280.htm">Hepatocellular carcinoma</a></li><li>Hereditary fructose intolerance</li><li>Infectious mononucleosis</li><li>Leukemia</li><li><a test="test" href="./001207.htm">Niemann-Pick disease</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000282.htm">Primary biliary cholangitis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001565.htm">Reye syndrome</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000076.htm">Sarcoidosis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000285.htm">Sclerosing cholangitis</a></li><li>Portal vein thrombosis</li><li>Steatosis (fat in the liver from metabolic problems such as diabetes, obesity, and high triglycerides, also called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, or NASH)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>This condition is most often detected by a provider. You may not be aware of the liver or spleen swelling.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What to Expect at Your Office Visit</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The provider will examine you and ask questions such as:</p><ul><li>Did you notice fullness or a lump in the abdomen?</li><li>What other symptoms do you have?</li><li>Is there any <a test="test" href="./003120.htm">abdominal pain</a>?</li><li>Is there any yellowing of the skin (jaundice)?</li><li>Is there any vomiting?</li><li>Is there any unusual-colored or <a test="test" href="./003129.htm">pale-colored stools</a>?</li><li>Has your urine appeared to be darker than usual (brownish)?</li><li>Have you had a fever?</li><li>What medicines are you taking including over-the-counter and herbal medicines?</li><li>How much alcohol do you drink? </li></ul><p>Tests to determine the cause of hepatomegaly vary, depending on the suspected cause, but may include:</p><ul><li>Abdominal x-ray</li><li><a test="test" href="./003777.htm">Abdominal ultrasound</a> (may be done to confirm the condition if the provider thinks your liver feels enlarged during a physical exam)</li><li><a test="test" href="./003789.htm">CT scan of the abdomen</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003436.htm">Liver function tests</a>, including blood clotting tests</li><li><a test="test" href="./003796.htm">MRI scan of the abdomen</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Hepatosplenomegaly; Enlarged liver; Liver enlargement</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1178t.jpg" alt="Fatty liver - CT scan" title="Fatty liver - CT scan" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1178.htm">Fatty liver - CT scan</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1179t.jpg" alt="Liver with disproportional fattening - CT scan" title="Liver with disproportional fattening - CT scan" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1179.htm">Liver with disproportional fattening - CT scan</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9396t.jpg" alt="Hepatomegaly" title="Hepatomegaly" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9396.htm">Hepatomegaly</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Martin P. Approach to the patient with liver disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine. </em>26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 137.</p><p>Plevris J, Parks R. The gastrointestinal system. In: Dover AR, Innes JA , Fairhurst K, eds. <em>Macleod's Clinical Examination</em>. 15th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 6.</p><p>Squires JE, Balistreri WF. Manifestations of liver disease. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. <em>Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.</em> 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 382.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 5/2/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Michael M. Phillips, MD, Emeritus Professor of Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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