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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Stridor</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound. It is caused by a blockage in the throat or voice box (larynx). It is most often heard when taking in a breath.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Children are at higher risk of airway blockage because they have narrower airways than adults. In young children, stridor is a sign of airway blockage. It must be treated right away to prevent the airway from becoming completely closed. </p><p>The airway can be blocked by an object, swollen tissues of the throat or upper airway, or a spasm of the airway muscles or the vocal cords.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Common causes of stridor include:</p><ul><li>Airway injury</li><li><a test="test" href="./000005.htm">Allergic reaction</a></li><li>
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Problem breathing and a barking cough (<a test="test" href="./000959.htm">croup</a>)</li><li>Diagnostic tests such as <a test="test" href="./003857.htm">bronchoscopy</a> or <a test="test" href="./007507.htm">laryngoscopy</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000605.htm">Epiglottitis</a>, which is inflammation of the movable cartilage that covers the windpipe</li><li>Inhaling an object such as a peanut or marble (<a test="test" href="./000036.htm">foreign body aspiration</a>)</li><li>Swelling and irritation of the voice box (<a test="test" href="./001385.htm">laryngitis</a>)</li><li>Neck surgery</li><li>Use of a breathing tube for a long time</li><li>Secretions such as phlegm (sputum)</li><li>Smoke inhalation or other inhalation injury</li><li>Swelling of the neck or face</li><li>Swollen tonsils or adenoids (such as with <a test="test" href="./001043.htm">tonsillitis</a>)</li><li><a test="test" href="./001042.htm">Vocal cord cancer</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Home Care</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Follow your health care provider's advice to treat the cause of the problem.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Stridor may be a sign of an emergency. Contact your provider right away if there is unexplained stridor, especially in a child.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What to Expect at Your Office Visit</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>In an emergency, your provider will check your temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure, and may need to do <a test="test" href="./000047.htm">abdominal thrusts</a> to clear the airway.</p><p>A breathing tube may be needed if you can't breathe properly.</p><p>After you are stable, your provider may ask about your medical history, and perform a physical exam. This includes listening to your lungs.</p><p>Parents or caregivers may be asked the following medical history questions:</p><ul><li>Is the abnormal breathing a high-pitched sound?</li><li>Did the breathing problem start suddenly?</li><li>Could the child have put something in their mouth?</li><li>Has the child been ill recently?</li><li>Is the child's neck or face swollen?</li><li>Has the child been coughing or complaining of a sore throat?</li><li>What other symptoms does the child have? (For example, <a test="test" href="./003055.htm">nasal flaring</a> or a bluish color to the skin, lips, or nails)</li><li>Is the child using chest muscles to breathe (<a test="test" href="./003322.htm">intercostal retractions</a>)?</li></ul><p>Tests that may be done include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003855.htm">Arterial blood gas analysis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003857.htm">Bronchoscopy</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003788.htm">Chest CT scan</a></li><li>Laryngoscopy (examination of the voice box)</li><li>Pulse oximetry to measure blood oxygen level</li><li><a test="test" href="./003804.htm">X-ray of the chest</a> or neck </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Breathing sounds - abnormal; Extrathoracic airway obstruction; Wheezing - stridor</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Griffiths AG. Chronic or recurrent respiratory symptoms. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. <em>Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics</em>. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 401.</p><p>Rose E. Pediatric upper airway obstruction and infections. In: Walls RM, ed. <em>Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice</em>. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 162.</p><p>Zalzal HG, Zalzal GH. Stridor in the Infant Patient. <em>Pediatr Clin North Am</em>. 2022;69(2):301-317. PMID: 35337541 <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35337541/" target="_blank">pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35337541/</a>.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 4/1/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Charles I. Schwartz, MD, FAAP, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, General Pediatrician at PennCare for Kids, Phoenixville, PA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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