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</div><div><span>Salivary gland tumors</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Salivary gland tumors</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Salivary gland tumors are abnormal cells growing in the gland or in the tubes (ducts) that drain the salivary glands.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The salivary glands are located around the mouth. They produce saliva, which moistens food to help with chewing and swallowing. Saliva also helps to protect teeth from decay.</p><p>There are 3 main pairs of salivary glands. The parotid glands are the largest. They are located in each cheek in front of the ears. Two submandibular glands are under the floor of the mouth on both sides of the back of the jaw. Two sublingual glands are under the floor of the mouth next to the jaw on each side. There are also hundreds of small salivary glands lining the rest of the mouth. These are called the minor salivary glands.</p><p>Salivary glands empty saliva into the mouth through ducts that open at various places in the mouth.</p><p>Salivary gland tumors are rare. Swelling of the salivary glands is mostly due to:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000255.htm">Cirrhosis of the liver</a></li><li>Other <a test="test" href="./001310.htm">cancers</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001039.htm">Salivary duct stones</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001041.htm">Salivary gland infections</a></li><li>Dehydration</li><li><a test="test" href="./000076.htm">Sarcoidosis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000456.htm">Sjögren syndrome</a></li></ul><p>The most common type of salivary gland tumor is a slow-growing noncancerous (benign) tumor of the parotid gland. The tumor gradually increases the size of the gland. Some of these tumors can be cancerous (malignant).</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms may include any of the following: </p><ul><li>Firm, usually painless swelling in one of the salivary glands (in front of the ears, under the chin, or on the floor of the mouth). The swelling gradually increases.</li><li>Difficulty moving one side of the face, known as <a test="test" href="./003028.htm">facial nerve palsy</a>.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>An examination by a health care provider or dentist shows a larger than normal salivary gland, usually one of the parotid glands.</p><p>Tests may include:</p><ul><li>X-rays of the salivary gland (called a <a test="test" href="./003812.htm">sialogram</a>) to look for a tumor</li><li><a test="test" href="./003336.htm">Ultrasound</a>, <a test="test" href="./003330.htm">CT scan</a> or <a test="test" href="./003335.htm">MRI</a> to confirm that there is a growth, and to see if the tumor has spread to lymph nodes in the neck, which usually means the tumor is cancerous</li><li><a test="test" href="./003847.htm">Salivary gland biopsy</a> or fine needle aspiration to determine whether the tumor is benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Surgery is most often done to remove the affected salivary gland. If the tumor is benign, no other treatment is needed.</p><p><a test="test" href="./001918.htm">Radiation therapy</a> or extensive surgery may be needed if the tumor is cancerous. <a test="test" href="./002324.htm">Chemotherapy</a> may be used when the disease has spread beyond the salivary glands.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Most salivary gland tumors are noncancerous and slow growing. Removing the tumor with surgery often cures the condition. In rare cases, the tumor is cancerous and further treatment is needed.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Complications from the cancer or its treatment may include:</p><ul><li>Spread of the cancer to other organs (<a test="test" href="./002260.htm">metastasis</a>).</li><li>In rare cases, injury during surgery to the nerve that controls movement of the face.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if you have any of the following:</p><ul><li>Pain when eating or chewing</li><li>You notice a lump in the mouth, under the jaw, or in the neck that does not go away in 2 to 3 weeks or is getting larger </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Tumor - salivary duct</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9654t.jpg" alt="Head and neck glands" title="Head and neck glands" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9654.htm">Head and neck glands</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Jackson NM, Mitchell JL, Walvekar RR. Inflammatory disorders of the salivary glands. In: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. <em>Cummings Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery. </em>7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 83.</p><p>National Cancer Institute website. Salivary gland cancer treatment (adult) (PDQ) - health professional version. <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/salivary-gland-treatment-pdq" target="_blank">www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/hp/adult/salivary-gland-treatment-pdq</a>. Updated August 22, 2023. Accessed January 17, 2024.</p><p>Wang JR, Bell DM, Hanna EY. Benign neoplasms of the salivary glands. In: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. <em>Cummings Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery.</em> 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 84.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 12/31/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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