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</div><div><span>Intussusception – children</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Intussusception – children</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Intussusception is the sliding of one part of the intestine into another.</p><p>This article focuses on intussusception in children.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Intussusception is caused by part of the intestine being pulled inward into itself.</p><p>The pressure created by the walls of the intestine pressing together causes:</p><ul><li>Decreased blood flow</li><li>Irritation</li><li>Swelling </li></ul><p>Intussusception can block the passage of food through the intestine. If the blood supply is cut off, the segment of intestine pulled inside can die. Heavy bleeding may also occur. If a hole develops, infection, <a test="test" href="./000039.htm">shock</a>, and <a test="test" href="./000982.htm">dehydration</a> can take place very rapidly.</p><p>The cause of intussusception is not known. Conditions that may lead to the problem include:</p><ul><li>Viral infection</li><li>Enlarged lymph node in the intestine</li><li>Polyp or tumor in the bowel</li></ul><p>Intussusception can affect both children and adults. It is more common in boys. It usually affects children ages 5 months to 3 years.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>The first sign of intussusception is very often sudden, loud crying caused by <a test="test" href="./003120.htm">abdominal pain</a>. The pain is colicky and not continuous (intermittent), but it comes back often. The pain will get stronger and last longer each time it returns.</p><p>An infant with severe abdominal pain may draw the knees to the chest while crying.</p><p>Other symptoms include:</p><ul><li>Bloody, mucus-like bowel movement, sometimes called a "currant jelly" stool</li><li>Fever</li><li>Shock (<a test="test" href="./003244.htm">pale</a> color, <a test="test" href="./003088.htm">lethargy</a>, sweating)</li><li>Stool mixed with blood and mucus</li><li>Vomiting</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will perform a thorough exam, which may reveal a <a test="test" href="./003274.htm">mass in the abdomen</a>. There may also be signs of dehydration or shock.</p><p>Tests may include:</p><ul><li>Abdominal ultrasound</li><li><a test="test" href="./003815.htm">Abdominal x-ray</a></li><li>Air or contrast <a test="test" href="./003817.htm">enema</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The child will first be stabilized. A tube will be passed into the stomach through the nose (nasogastric tube). An intravenous (IV) line will be placed in the arm, and fluids will be given to prevent dehydration.</p><p>In some cases, the <a test="test" href="./000260.htm">bowel blockage</a> can be treated with an air or contrast enema. This is done by a radiologist skilled with the procedure. There is a risk of bowel tearing (perforation) with this procedure. </p><p>The child will need surgery if these treatments do not work. The bowel tissue can very often be saved. Dead tissue will be removed.</p><p>Antibiotics may be needed to treat any infection.</p><p><a test="test" href="./002383.htm">Intravenous</a> feeding and fluids will be continued until the child has a normal bowel movement.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>The outcome is good with early treatment. There is a risk this problem will come back.</p><p>When a hole or tear in the bowel occurs, it must be treated right away. If not treated, intussusception is almost always fatal for infants and young children.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Intussusception is a medical emergency. Call 911 or the local emergency number, or go to the emergency room right away.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Abdominal pain in children - intussusception</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1083t.jpg" alt="Colonoscopy" title="Colonoscopy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1083.htm">Colonoscopy</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1172t.jpg" alt="Intussusception - X-ray" title="Intussusception - X-ray" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1172.htm">Intussusception - x-ray</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8710t.jpg" alt="Digestive system organs" title="Digestive system organs" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8710.htm">Digestive system organs</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Abdulhai S, Ponsky T. Intussusception in infants and children. In: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, eds. <em>Pediatric Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 51.</p><p>Hu YY, Jensen T, Finck C. Surgical conditions of the small intestine in infants and children. In: Yeo CJ, ed. <em>Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 83.</p><p>Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Ileus, adhesions, intussusception, and closed-loop obstructions. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. <em>Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics</em>. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 359.</p><p>Maloney PJ. Pediatric gastrointestinal disorders. In: Walls RM, ed. <em>Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice</em>. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 166.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 2/17/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Charles I. Schwartz, MD, FAAP, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, General Pediatrician at PennCare for Kids, Phoenixville, PA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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