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</div><div><span>Lichen planus</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Lichen planus</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Lichen planus is a condition that forms a very itchy <a test="test" href="./003220.htm">rash</a> on the skin or in the mouth.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The exact cause of lichen planus is unknown. It may be related to an allergic or immune reaction.</p><p>Risks for the condition include:</p><ul><li>Exposure to certain medicines, dyes, and other chemicals (including gold, antibiotics, arsenic, iodides, chloroquine, quinacrine, quinine, phenothiazines, and diuretics)</li><li>Diseases such as <a test="test" href="./000284.htm">hepatitis C</a></li></ul><p>Lichen planus mostly affects middle-aged adults. It is less common in children.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p><a test="test" href="./003059.htm">Mouth sores</a> are one symptom of lichen planus. They:</p><ul><li>May be tender or painful (mild cases may not cause pain)</li><li>Are located on the sides of the tongue, inside of the cheek, or on the gums</li><li>Look like bluish-white spots or pimples</li><li>Form lines in a lacy network</li><li>Gradually increase in size</li><li>Sometimes form painful <a test="test" href="./003228.htm">ulcers</a></li></ul><p>Skin sores are another symptom of lichen planus. They:</p><ul><li>Usually appear on the inner wrist, legs, torso, or genitals</li><li>Are extremely itchy</li><li>Have even sides (symmetrical) and sharp borders</li><li>Occur alone or in clusters, often at the site of a skin injury</li><li>May be covered with thin white streaks or scratch marks</li><li>Are shiny or scaly looking</li><li>Have a dark, violet color</li><li>May develop <a test="test" href="./003939.htm">blisters</a> or ulcers </li></ul><p>Other symptoms of lichen planus are: </p><ul><li>Dry mouth</li><li>Hair loss</li><li>Metallic taste in the mouth</li><li>Ridges in the nails </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider may make the diagnosis based on the appearance of your skin or mouth lesions.</p><p>A <a test="test" href="./003840.htm">skin lesion biopsy</a> or biopsy of a mouth lesion can confirm the diagnosis.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms and speed healing. If your symptoms are mild, you may not need treatment.</p><p>Treatments may include:</p><ul><li>Antihistamines</li><li>Medicines that calm down the immune system (in severe cases)</li><li>Lidocaine mouthwashes to numb the area and make eating more comfortable (for mouth sores)</li><li>Topical corticosteroids or oral corticosteroids to reduce swelling and lower immune responses</li><li>Corticosteroid shots into a sore</li><li>Vitamin A as a cream or taken by mouth</li><li>Other medicines that are applied to the skin</li><li>Dressings placed over your skin with medicines to keep you from scratching</li><li>Ultraviolet light therapy </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Lichen planus is usually not harmful. Most often, it gets better with treatment. The condition often clears up within 18 months, but may come and go for years.</p><p>If lichen planus is caused by a medicine you are taking, the rash should go away once you stop the medicine.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p><a test="test" href="./001448.htm">Mouth ulcers</a> that are present for a long time may develop into <a test="test" href="./001035.htm">oral cancer</a>.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if:</p><ul><li>Your skin or mouth lesions change in appearance</li><li>The condition continues or gets worse, even with treatment</li><li>Your dentist recommends changing your medicines or treating conditions that trigger the disorder</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1561t.jpg" alt="Lichen planus - close-up" title="Lichen planus - close-up" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1561.htm">Lichen planus - close-up</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2202t.jpg" alt="Lichen nitidus on the abdomen" title="Lichen nitidus on the abdomen" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2202.htm">Lichen nitidus on the abdomen</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2491t.jpg" alt="Lichen planus on the arm" title="Lichen planus on the arm" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2491.htm">Lichen planus on the arm</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2492t.jpg" alt="Lichen planus on the hands" title="Lichen planus on the hands" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2492.htm">Lichen planus on the hands</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2493t.jpg" alt="Lichen planus on the oral mucosa" title="Lichen planus on the oral mucosa" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2493.htm">Lichen planus on the oral mucosa</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2667t.jpg" alt="Lichen striatus - close-up" title="Lichen striatus - close-up" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2667.htm">Lichen striatus - close-up</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2668t.jpg" alt="Lichen striatus on the leg" title="Lichen striatus on the leg" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2668.htm">Lichen striatus on the leg</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2764t.jpg" alt="Lichen striatus - close-up" title="Lichen striatus - close-up" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2764.htm">Lichen striatus - close-up</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM. Lichen planus and related conditions. In: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. <em>Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology.</em> 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 12.</p><p>Patterson JW. An approach to the interpretation of skin biopsies. In: Patterson JW, ed. <em>Weedon's Skin Pathology</em>. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 2.</p></div></div></section>
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