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</div><div><span>Cushing syndrome due to adrenal tumor</span></div></div>
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Cushing syndrome due to adrenal tumor</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Cushing syndrome due to adrenal tumor is a form of <a test="test" href="./000410.htm">Cushing syndrome</a>. It occurs when a tumor of the adrenal gland releases excess amounts of the hormone cortisol.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Cushing syndrome is a disorder that occurs when your body has a higher than normal level of the hormone cortisol. This hormone is made in the <a test="test" href="./002219.htm">adrenal glands</a>. Too much cortisol can be due to various problems. One such problem is a tumor on one of the adrenal glands. Adrenal tumors release cortisol.</p><p>Adrenal tumors are rare. They can be noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant).</p><p>Noncancerous tumors that can cause Cushing syndrome include:</p><ul><li>Adrenal adenomas, a common tumor that rarely makes excess cortisol</li><li>Macronodular <a test="test" href="./003441.htm">hyperplasia</a>, which causes the adrenal glands to enlarge and make excess cortisol</li></ul><p>Cancerous tumors that may cause Cushing syndrome include an adrenal carcinoma. This is a rare tumor, but it usually makes excess cortisol.
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</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Most people with Cushing syndrome have:</p><ul><li>Round, red, full face (<a test="test" href="./003105.htm">moon face</a>)</li><li>Slow growth rate in children</li><li>Weight gain with fat accumulation on the trunk, but fat loss from the arms, legs, and buttocks (central obesity) </li></ul><p>Skin changes that are often seen:</p><ul><li>Skin infections</li><li>Purple stretch marks (1/2 inch or 1 centimeter or more wide), called <a test="test" href="./003287.htm">striae</a>, on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, upper arms, and breasts</li><li>Thin skin with easy bruising </li></ul><p>Muscle and bone changes include:</p><ul><li>Backache, which occurs with routine activities</li><li><a test="test" href="./003180.htm">Bone pain or tenderness</a></li><li>Collection of fat between the shoulders and above the collar bone</li><li>Rib and spine fractures caused by <a test="test" href="./000360.htm">thinning of the bones</a></li><li>Weak muscles, especially of the hips and shoulders </li></ul><p>Body-wide (systemic) changes include:</p><ul><li>Type 2 diabetes mellitus</li><li>High blood pressure</li><li>Increased cholesterol and triglycerides</li></ul><p>Women often have:</p><ul><li>Excess hair growth on the face, neck, chest, abdomen, and thighs (more common than in other types of Cushing syndrome)</li><li>Periods that become irregular or stop </li></ul><p>Men may have:</p><ul><li>Decreased or no desire for sex (low libido)</li><li><a test="test" href="./007617.htm">Erection problems</a></li></ul><p>Other symptoms that may occur include:</p><ul><li>
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Mental changes, such as <a test="test" href="./003213.htm">depression</a>, anxiety, or changes in behavior</li><li><a test="test" href="./003088.htm">Fatigue</a></li><li>Headache</li><li>Increased thirst and urination </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will perform a physical exam and ask about your symptoms.</p><p>Tests to confirm Cushing syndrome:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003425.htm">24-hour urine sample</a> to measure <a test="test" href="./003703.htm">cortisol</a> and <a test="test" href="./003610.htm">creatinine</a> levels</li><li>Blood tests to check ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), cortisol, and potassium levels</li><li><a test="test" href="./003694.htm">Dexamethasone suppression test</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003693.htm">Blood cortisol levels</a></li><li>Blood DHEA level</li><li>Saliva cortisol level </li></ul><p>Tests to determine cause or complications include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003789.htm">Abdominal CT</a> -- usually with and without IV contrast</li><li>ACTH</li><li>Bone mineral density</li><li>Cholesterol</li><li>Fasting glucose </li></ul><p>In some cases, you need a special test called adrenal vein sampling to determine which adrenal gland is making too much cortisol and causing Cushing syndrome.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Surgery is done to remove the adrenal tumor. Often, the entire adrenal gland is removed.</p><p>Glucocorticoid replacement treatment is usually needed until the other adrenal gland recovers from surgery. You may need this treatment for 3 to 12 months.</p><p>If surgery is not possible, such as in cases of adrenal cancer that has spread (metastasis), medicines can be used to stop the release of cortisol. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>People with an adrenal tumor who have surgery have an excellent outlook. For adrenal cancer, surgery is sometimes not possible. When surgery is performed, it does not always cure the cancer.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Cancerous adrenal tumors can spread to the liver or lungs.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if you develop any symptoms of Cushing syndrome.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Appropriate treatment of adrenal tumors may reduce the risk of complications in some people with adrenal tumor-related Cushing syndrome.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Adrenal tumor - Cushing syndrome; Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal tumor</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Asban A, Patel AJ, Reddy S, Wang T, Balentine CJ, Chen H. Cancer of the endocrine system. In: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. <em>Abeloff's Clinical Oncology</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 68.</p><p>Fragaso MCBV, Berthon A, Bertherat J. Adrenocorticotropic hormone–independent Cushing syndrome. In: Robertson RP, ed. <em>DeGroot's Endocrinology</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 97.</p><p>Newell-Price JDC, Auchus RJ. The adrenal cortex. In: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. <em>Williams Textbook of Endocrinology</em>. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 15.</p><p>Nieman LK, Biller BM, Findling JW, et al. Treatment of Cushing's syndrome: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. <em>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</em>. 2015;100(8):2807-2831. PMID: 26222757 <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26222757/" target="_blank">pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26222757/</a>.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 5/12/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Sandeep K. Dhaliwal, MD, board-certified in Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Springfield, VA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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