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<a href="/es/topic/food-allergy/" class="article_btn">Alergia a los alimentos</a>
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<h1 id="main">Información básica sobre alergias alimentarias</h1>
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<p class="lead_text">En los Estados Unidos, las alergias alimentarias afectan al 5 por ciento de los niños y al 4 por ciento de los adultos. El número de personas con alergias alimentarias está aumentando sin que se sepa cuál es la causa. </p>
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<h2>¿Qué es una alergia alimentaria? </h2>
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<p>Cuando una persona tiene una alergia alimentaria, su sistema inmunitario reacciona de manera anormal a una parte de un alimento. A veces esa reacción puede poner la vida en peligro. </p>
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<h2>¿Qué alimentos suelen causar alergias? </h2>
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<p>Algunos de los alimentos que causan reacciones alérgicas en adultos son el pescado, los mariscos, los manís o cacahuates y las nueces de árbol, como la nuez pacana. Algunos de los elementos que pueden ser problemáticos para los niños son los huevos, la leche, el maní, las nueces de árbol, la soja y el trigo. </p>
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<h2>¿Cuáles son los síntomas? </h2>
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<p>Hay reacciones alérgicas leves, pero en algunos casos, los alimentos pueden causar una reacción grave llamada anafilaxis. </p>
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<p>Algunos de los síntomas de una alergia alimentaria son: </p>
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<ul>
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<li>Prurito o hinchazón en la boca </li>
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<li>Vómitos, diarrea o cólicos abdominales y dolor. </li>
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<li>Urticaria o eccema </li>
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<li>Estrechamiento de la garganta y dificultad para respirar </li>
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<li>Disminución de la presión arterial </li>
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</ul>
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<h2>¿Qué tipos de tratamientos hay? </h2>
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<p>Los profesionales de la salud pueden ayudar a los pacientes a controlar sus alergias alimentarias evitando los alimentos que causan una reacción alérgica y tratando las reacciones graves cuando ocurren. Además, el Instituto Nacional de Alergias y Enfermedades Infecciosas (NIAID, por sus siglas en inglés) investiga nuevas maneras de tratar y controlar las alergias alimentarias. </p>
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<p>Información proporcionada por el Instituto Nacional de Alergias y Enfermedades Infecciosas, medlineplus.gov y los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades </p>
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<p><strong>Fuentes</strong>: Instituto Nacional de Alergias y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Medlineplus.gov; Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades </p>
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<div class="mt-1 mb-2"><strong>Foto:</strong> Adobe Stock </div>
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<p><i class="fa fa-calendar"></i> julio 14, 2017</p>
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/foodallergy.html" target="_blank">MedlinePlus: Alergia a los alimentos</a></li>
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