nih-gov/heal.nih.gov/funding/awarded?page=34
2025-02-26 13:17:41 -05:00

2324 lines
218 KiB
Text
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<script>document.cookie = "big_pipe_nojs=1; path=/; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"</script>
<meta name="description" content="View all awarded funding as part of the NIH HEAL (Helping to End Addiction Long-term) Initiative." />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://heal.nih.gov/funding/awarded" />
<link rel="image_src" href="/files/heal-logo-social.png" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="NIH HEAL Initiative" />
<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://heal.nih.gov/funding/awarded" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Awarded Funding" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Learn about the research supported by the HEAL Initiative by exploring the database of funded awards." />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://heal.nih.gov/files/heal-logo-social.png" />
<meta property="og:image:url" content="https://heal.nih.gov/files/heal-logo-social.png" />
<meta property="og:updated_time" content="Thu, 09/21/2023 - 7:31am" />
<meta property="article:published_time" content="Fri, 09/06/2019 - 2:20pm" />
<meta property="article:modified_time" content="Thu, 09/21/2023 - 7:31am" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Learn about the research supported by the HEAL Initiative by exploring the database of funded awards." />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Awarded Funding" />
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@NIH" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://heal.nih.gov/files/heal-logo-social.png" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<link rel="icon" href="/files/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/csv" title="All - Awarded Export" href="https://heal.nih.gov/funding/awarded/export?page&amp;_format=csv" />
<script>window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={};</script>
<title>Funded Projects | NIH HEAL Initiative</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/files/css/css_Xd0pI9rakjfnp2UWa-7weru_1kc-L_azTnBAZQ1TLSs.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=particle&amp;include=eJxFzm0OwyAIBuALoR6poYVNN_wI6trefnHR7A-BB0JeJGoZ0-1wNvahOTU4srIj7QXF4gsvoHwmyUibhPTeBHcWVrfUDDVTTfMcGfhqQ9eXOUJBxadi8XVt_mJ7Kn2XUD3TOGzhEHYjC9S7No5ux8rwCXxW96s2ZurCX0opTZs" />
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/files/css/css_Kzcx5y8_UgmvOm2su6202zfZz3qqdNhdBCeZjOratTU.css?delta=1&amp;language=en&amp;theme=particle&amp;include=eJxFzm0OwyAIBuALoR6poYVNN_wI6trefnHR7A-BB0JeJGoZ0-1wNvahOTU4srIj7QXF4gsvoHwmyUibhPTeBHcWVrfUDDVTTfMcGfhqQ9eXOUJBxadi8XVt_mJ7Kn2XUD3TOGzhEHYjC9S7No5ux8rwCXxW96s2ZurCX0opTZs" />
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.5.1/css/solid.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.5.1/css/brands.min.css">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:400,600,700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-147034615-1"></script>
<meta name="msvalidate.01" content="C17405549FB53FD60915A09433C78FF3" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=EmulateIE8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"4885254293",applicationID:"336795922"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.283.2.min.js.LICENSE.txt */
(()=>{var e,t,r={122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},217:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>m,gD:()=>v,xN:()=>h});r(860).K7.genericEvents;const n="experimental.marks",i="experimental.measures",o="experimental.resources",a=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var s=r(614),c=r(944),u=r(384),l=r(122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",f=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(i)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(o)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:s.wk,inactiveMs:s.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){a(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,c.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){a(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,c.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,c.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},g={},p="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function m(e){if(!e)throw new Error(p);if(!g[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return g[e]}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);g[e]=(0,l.a)(t,f());const r=(0,u.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=g[e])}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(p);var r=m(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>d});var n=r(122),i=r(384),o=r(154),a=r(324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},l={};function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(l[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(l[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=l[e])}},324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.283.2",i="PROD",o="CDN"},154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>l,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>d,x3:()=>u});var n=r(836),i=r(606),o=r(860),a=r(646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};l(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function d(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(l(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(990),o=r(371),a=r(646),s=r(607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},l={},d=!1;try{d=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=m(e),l=c.length,d=0;d<l;d++)c[d].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:h,listeners:m,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:d?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:d};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return n[e]||[]}function h(t){return l[t]=l[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),l=(0,n.Zm)();l.ee||(l.ee=u)},646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(566).bz)()},566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(836),i=r(154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>l,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>d});var n=r(154),i=r(863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function l(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(836),i=r(607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];l(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return l(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,l,d;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],l="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],l],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],l,c);try{return d=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],l,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,d],l,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function l(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log";n.K7.logging},773:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(154),r(566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(836),i=r(687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>K});var n=r(860),i=r(555),o=r(371),a=r(908),s=r(836),c=r(687),u=r(289),l=r(154),d=r(944),f=r(773),g=r(384),p=r(344);const m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(863),b=r(614),y=r(993);var w=r(646),R=r(434);const A=new Map;function E(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,d.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,R.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[R.Jt]||t[r];return A.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>A.get(c))),i}function _(){const e=(0,g.pV)();m.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,d.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function N(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const m={};var w=s.ee.get(e),R=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var A="api-",_=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function k(){}m.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,v.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},m.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),E(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},h.forEach((e=>{m[e]=j(A,e,!0,"api")})),m.addPageAction=j(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.recordCustomEvent=j(A,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),m.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},m.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,d.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,d.R)(39,typeof e)},m.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,d.R)(41,typeof e)},m.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,d.R)(42,typeof e)},m.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,d.R)(23,e)}},m[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},m.interaction=function(e){return(new k).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const T=k.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(R.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw R.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{R.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function I(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,d.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{T[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),m.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),m.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},l.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>I()),!0):I(),m}var k=r(217),T=r(122);const j={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},I={};var O=r(284);const S=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let P=!1;function K(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:d={},exposed:f=!0}=t;d.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,k.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");I[e]=(0,T.a)(t,j);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=I[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},l.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const m=(0,k.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),h=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];P||(m.proxy.assets&&(S(m.proxy.assets),h.push(m.proxy.assets)),m.proxy.beacon&&h.push(m.proxy.beacon),_(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===m.soft_navigations.enabled&&m.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),d.denyList=[...m.ajax.deny_list||[],...m.ajax.block_internal?h:[]],d.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,d),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=N(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),P=!0}},374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.283.2.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.283.2.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),l=0;l<u.length;l++){var d=u[l];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-2Y8GMAOGF658KnXzOZ/v+DlLch8TBFvV0tTNnOy9wrpvtDa1t5CdZMyX+LubTymBlzPp6NUjllBghMCZqXBPmg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={374:0,840:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.2.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.2.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(374);var e=i(944),t=i(344),r=i(566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(217);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var l=i(603);var d=i(687),f=i(234),g=i(289),p=i(154),m=i(384);const h=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function v(e){return!!(0,m.dV)().o.MO&&h(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,d.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(h(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,d.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return v(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(630);class R extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var A=i(908),E=i(843),_=i(878),x=i(782),N=i(863);class k extends y{static featureName=x.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,x.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,A.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,_.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,A.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,x.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var T=i(773);class j extends y{static featureName=T.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,m.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,l.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,m.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,k,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<script>
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('js', new Date());
gtag('config', 'UA-147034615-1');
</script>
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W8TVZ6J');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<!-- DAP -->
<script language="javascript" id="_fed_an_ua_tag" src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=HHS&amp;subagency=NIH&amp;exts=doc,docx,xls,xlsx,xlsm,ppt,pptx,exe,zip,pdf,js,txt,csv,dxf,wmv,jpg,wma,mov,avi,mp3,mp4,csv"></script>
<!-- End DAP -->
</head>
<body class="fout-fix" data-spy="scroll" data-target="#scrollnav">
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable">
Skip to main content
</a>
<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8TVZ6J"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
<div class="mobile-overlay" id="overlay" aria-hidden="true"></div>
<div id="header-container" class="header-container">
<div class="ribbon fluid-container">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12">
<div class="ribbon-links">
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov/" class="">
<img src="/assets/hhs-logo.png" alt="U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services website"/>
U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services
</a>
<img src="/assets/delimiter-arrow.png" alt="" role="presentation"/>
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/">National Institutes of Health</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="layout-container">
<header class="container navbar navbar-light navbar">
<div class="navbar-header-btns">
<button class="menu-btn" type="button" class="" aria-expanded="false">Menu</button>
<button class='searchBtnMobile' aria-label="search-toggle"></button>
</div>
<a href="/" class="navbar-logo gtm-header-home" title="Navbar Logo Title"><img src="../../../assets/NIH_HEAL_Color.svg" alt="Navbar Logo Alt"></a>
<form class="search-menu form-inline d-lg-block" action="https://search.usa.gov/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get">
<input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓">
<input type="hidden" name="affiliate" id="affiliate" value="heal">
<div class="input-group">
<input class="search-input form-control" type="search" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search heal.nih.gov" name="query">
<div class="input-group-append">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn gtm-header-search btn-tertiary">Search</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-particle-mainnavigation-menu" class="container navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light primary-navigation">
<h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-particle-mainnavigation-menu">Main navigation</h2>
<ul class="no-bullets menu-level-0">
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-0">
<a href="/about" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-link" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43151">About</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="no-bullets menu-level-1">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/about/why-heal" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43131">Why HEAL?</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/about/opioid-crisis" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43136">The Opioid Crisis</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/about/impact" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42501">Making a Difference</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/about/nih-heal-initiative-leadership" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43146">NIH HEAL Initiative Leadership</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/about/nih-heal-initiative-annual-report-budget" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43141">Annual Report and Budget</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/about/strategic-plan" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/46921">Strategic Planning</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-0">
<a href="/research" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-link" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16">Research</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-1 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/61">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="no-bullets menu-level-2">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/brim" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/106">Behavioral Research to Improve Medication-Based Treatment</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/continuum-care-hospitalized-patients-opioid-use-disorder" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42151">The Continuum of Care in Hospitalized Patients with Opioid Use Disorder and Infectious Complications of Drug Use</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/enhancing-clinical-trials-network" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/96">Enhancing the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network to Address Opioids</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/harm-reduction-approaches-reduce-overdose-deaths" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/41416">Harm Reduction Research Network</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/healing-communities" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/91">HEALing Communities Study</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/delivery-healthcare-services-polysubstance-use" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42146">Improving Delivery of Healthcare Services for Polysubstance Use</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/jcoin" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/101">Justice Community Opioid Innovation Network</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/native-collective-research-effort-enhance-wellness-overdose-substance-mental-health-pain" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42586">Native Collective Research Effort to Enhance Wellness (N CREW) Program: Addressing Overdose, Substance Use, Mental Health, and Pain</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/optimizing-addiction-services" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44086">Optimizing the Quality, Reach, and Impact of Addiction Services</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/research-to-practice/research-recovery-network" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39646">Recovery Research Networks</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/new-strategies" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-2 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/new-strategies/care-polysubstance-use-primary-care" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42126">Collaborative Care for Polysubstance use in Primary Care Settings (Co-Care)</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/new-strategies/optimizing-care" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/111">Optimizing Care for People with Opioid Use Disorder and Mental Health Conditions</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/new-strategies/duration-retention-discontinuation" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/126">Optimizing the Duration, Retention, and Discontinuation of Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/new-strategies/preventing-opioid-use-disorder" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/116">Preventing Opioid Use Disorder</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/new-strategies/prevent-progression" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/131">Prevention of Progression to Moderate or Severe Opioid Use Disorder</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/new-strategies/sleep-dysfunction" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/121">Sleep Dysfunction as a Core Feature of Opioid Use Disorder and Recovery</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/infants-and-children" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/71">Enhanced Outcomes for Infants and Children Exposed to Opioids</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-2 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/infants-and-children/act-now" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/136">Advancing Clinical Trials in Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal (ACT NOW)</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/infants-and-children/opioid-exposure-during-pregnancy" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44096">The Biology of Opioid Exposure During Pregnancy and Effects on Early Neuro-Behavioral Development</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/infants-and-children/healthy-brain" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/141">HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HBCD)</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/infants-and-children/virtual-assessments-developmental-trajectories" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44101">Virtual Assessments to Understand Developmental Trajectories of Substance Use Exposure</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/therapeutic-options" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/76">Novel Therapeutic Options for Opioid Use Disorder and Overdose</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-2 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/therapeutic-options/immunotherapies" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/151">Development of Novel Immunotherapeutics for Opioid Addiction</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/therapeutic-options/focusing-development" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/146">Focusing Medication Development to Prevent and Treat Opioid Use Disorders and Overdose</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/therapeutic-options/oral-complications-buprenorphine" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44106">Oral Complications Arising From Pharmacotherapies to Treat Opioid Use Disorders</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/therapeutic-options/rapid-assessment-emerging-opioid-threats" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44111">Rapidly Assessing the Public Health Impact of Emerging Opioid Threats</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/clinical-research" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/81">Clinical Research in Pain Management</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-2 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/health-equity-pain-management" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42106">Advancing Health Equity in Pain Management</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/pain-signatures" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/186">Acute to Chronic Pain Signatures Program</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/back-pain" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/161">Back Pain Consortium Research Program</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/biomarkers" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/191">Discovery and Validation of Biomarkers, Endpoints and Signatures for Pain Conditions</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/eppic-net" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/176">Early Phase Pain Investigation Clinical Network (EPPIC-Net)</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/hemodialysis" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/181">Integrated Approach to Pain and Opioid Use in Hemodialysis Patients</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/pain-management-research" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/166">Pain Management Effectiveness Research Network</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/prism" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/171">Pragmatic and Implementation Studies for the Management of Pain to Reduce Opioid Prescribing (PRISM)</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/chronic-pain-rural-populations" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44091">Prevention and Management of Chronic Pain in Rural Populations</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/clinical-research/integrative-management-chronic-pain" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39621">Reducing Opioid-Related Harms to Treat Chronic Pain (IMPOWR and MIRHIQL)</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-2 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/optimization-non-addictive-therapies" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/206">Development and Optimization of Non-Addictive Therapies to Treat Pain</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/novel-targets" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/216">Discovery and Validation of Novel Targets for Safe and Effective Treatment of Pain</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/integrated-research" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44116">Integrated Basic and Clinical Team-Based Research in Pain</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/screening-platform" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/211">Preclinical Screening Platform for Pain</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/restoring-joint-health-function-reduce-pain" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42136">Restoring Joint Health and Function to Reduce Pain Consortium (RE-JOIN)</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/discoveries-into-devices" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/201">Translating Discoveries into Effective Devices to Treat Pain</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/preclinical-translational/novel-drugs-screening-platforms" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/196">Translational Research to Advance Testing of Novel Drugs and Human Cell-Based Screening Platforms to Treat Pain and Opioid Use Disorder</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/cross-cutting-research" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40331">Cross-Cutting Research</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-2 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/real-time-opioid-pain-management-data" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42116">Leveraging Existing and Real-Time Opioid and Pain Management Data</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/small-business-programs" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42111">Small Business Programs</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/stigma-pain-management-opioid-disorder" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40256">Stigma in Pain Management and Opioid Use Disorder</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-2">
<a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/translating-data-action-prevent-overdose" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-third" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42121">HEAL Data2Action (HD2A)</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/research/training-next-generation-researchers" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/46831">Training the Next Generation of Researchers in HEAL</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-0">
<a href="/data" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-link" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/44206">Data</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="no-bullets menu-level-1">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/heal-data-ecosystem" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/38836">About the HEAL Data Ecosystem</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/complying-heal-data-sharing-policy" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39216">Complying With the HEAL Data Sharing Policy</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/common-data-elements" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/39116">Common Data Elements (CDEs) Program</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/common-data-elements-repository" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42871">Common Data Elements (CDEs) Repository</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/ecosystem-events-outreach" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40321">HEAL Data Ecosystem Events and Outreach</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/public-access-data" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/51">HEAL Public Access and Data Sharing</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/data/data-ecosystem-collective-board" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40951">HEAL Data Ecosystem Collective Board</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded menu-item--active-trail no-bullets nav-list-item-0">
<a href="/funding" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-link" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/221">Funding</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-1 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/funding/awarded" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/881">Funded Projects</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/funding/open" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/871">Open Funding Opportunities</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/funding/closed" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/876">Closed Funding Opportunities</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/funding/research-concepts" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40206">Research Concepts</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-0">
<a href="/news" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-link" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/226">News &amp; Events</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-1 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/news/news" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33666">News</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/news/events" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33671">Events</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/news/events/headliners" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/42551">Headliners Webinar Series</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/news/stories" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33676">Research Spotlights</a>
</li>
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/videos" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/36351">Videos</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded no-bullets nav-list-item-0">
<a href="/resources" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-link" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/231">Resources</a>
<button class="expand-btn" aria-label="expand-button"></button>
<ul class="menu-level-1 no-bullets">
<li class="menu-item no-bullets nav-list-item-1">
<a href="/resources/engagement" class="menu-link gtm-topnav-drop" tabindex="0" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/43166">Patient and Community Engagement</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
<div class="color-gradient"></div>
<main role="main">
<div class="container">
<a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12 breadcrumb-col col-md-7">
<div id="block-particle-breadcrumbs">
<nav aria-label="breadcrumb" role="navigation">
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item gtm-breadcrumb"><a href="/" class="gtm-breadcrumb">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item gtm-breadcrumb"><a href="/funding" class="gtm-breadcrumb">Funding</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active is-active gtm-breadcrumb" aria-current="page">Funded Projects</li>
</ol>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-12 col-md-5">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="layout-content">
<div>
<div id="block-particle-content">
<h1> Funded Projects </h1>
<div>
<div class="paragraph paragraph--type--basic-content paragraph--view-mode--default">
<div class="container">
<div class='basic-content content-align-left padding-bottom--1'>
<div class='basic-content-grid-container ' style=''>
<div class="basic-content-grid-no-media">
<div>
<p>Explore our currently funded projects. You may search with all three fields, then focus your results by applying any of the dropdown filters. After customizing your search, you may download results and even save your specific search for later.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-content paragraph--view-mode--default">
<div class='container'>
<div class="dynamic_content">
<div class="views-element-container form-group"><div class="funding js-view-dom-id-92a7a7cb2f6514f8e21c947066bd50eef64997754faf03429e87f3eaab30514f">
<div class="container">
<form class="views-exposed-form" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-database-block-6" action="/database/export" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-database-block-6" accept-charset="UTF-8">
<div class="container">
<div id="filters" class="filters">
<div class='filter-row'>
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-item-institutions js-form-item-institutions form-no-label">
<input placeholder="PI or Grantee Institution" aria-label="PI or Grantee Institution" class="gtm-database-category form-text" data-drupal-selector="edit-institutions" type="text" id="edit-institutions" name="institutions" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-item-locations js-form-item-locations form-no-label">
<input placeholder="Grantee Location" aria-label="Grantee Location" class="gtm-database-category form-text" data-drupal-selector="edit-locations" type="text" id="edit-locations" name="locations" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-item-combine js-form-item-combine form-no-label">
<input placeholder="Enter Keywords" aria-label="Enter Keywords" class="combine-field form-text" data-drupal-selector="edit-combine" type="text" id="edit-combine" name="combine" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item-submit keywords">
<input class="btn btn-alto gtm-database-search button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-database" type="submit" id="edit-submit-database" value="Search">
</div>
</div>
<div class='filter-row'>
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-select form-item-rfa js-form-item-rfa form-no-label">
<select aria-label="Research Focus Area" data-drupal-selector="edit-rfa" id="edit-rfa" name="rfa" class="form-select"><option value="All" selected="selected">Research Focus Area</option><option value="81">Clinical Research in Pain Management</option><option value="40331">Cross-Cutting Research</option><option value="71">Enhanced Outcomes for Infants and Children Exposed to Opioids</option><option value="66">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</option><option value="76">Novel Therapeutic Options for Opioid Use Disorder and Overdose</option><option value="86">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</option><option value="46831">Training the Next Generation of Researchers in HEAL</option><option value="61">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</option></select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-select form-item-research-program js-form-item-research-program form-no-label">
<select aria-label="Research Program" data-drupal-selector="edit-research-program" id="edit-research-program" name="research_program" class="form-select"><option value="All" selected="selected">Research Program</option><option value="186">Acute to Chronic Pain Signatures Program</option><option value="136">Advancing Clinical Trials in Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal (ACT NOW)</option><option value="42106">Advancing Health Equity in Pain Management </option><option value="161">Back Pain Consortium Research Program</option><option value="106">Behavioral Research to Improve Medication-Based Treatment</option><option value="42126">Collaborative Care for Polysubstance Use in Primary Care Settings (Co-Care)</option><option value="206">Development and Optimization of Non-Addictive Therapies to Treat Pain</option><option value="151">Development of Novel Immunotherapeutics for Opioid Addiction</option><option value="191">Discovery and Validation of Biomarkers, Endpoints, and Signatures for Pain Conditions</option><option value="216">Discovery and Validation of Novel Targets for Safe and Effective Treatment of Pain</option><option value="176">Early Phase Pain Investigation Clinical Network (EPPIC-Net)</option><option value="96">Enhancing the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network to Address Opioids</option><option value="146">Focusing Medication Development to Prevent and Treat Opioid Use Disorder and Overdose</option><option value="41416">Harm Reduction Research Network</option><option value="42121">HEAL Data2Action (HD2A)</option><option value="91">HEALing Communities Study</option><option value="141">HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study</option><option value="42146">Improving Delivery of Healthcare Services for Polysubstance Use</option><option value="181">Integrated Approach to Pain and Opioid Use in Hemodialysis Patients</option><option value="44116">Integrated Basic and Clinical Team-Based Research in Pain</option><option value="101">Justice Community Overdose Innovation Network (JCOIN)</option><option value="42116">Leveraging Existing and Real-Time Opioid and Pain Management Data</option><option value="42586">Native Collective Research Effort to Enhance Wellness (N CREW) Program: Addressing Overdose, Substance Use, Mental Health, and Pain </option><option value="111">Optimizing Care for People with Opioid Use Disorder and Mental Health Conditions</option><option value="126">Optimizing the Duration, Retention, and Discontinuation of Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder</option><option value="44086">Optimizing the Quality, Reach, and Impact of Addiction Services</option><option value="44106">Oral Complications Arising From Pharmacotherapies to Treat Opioid Use Disorders</option><option value="166">Pain Management Effectiveness Research Network (ERN)</option><option value="171">Pragmatic and Implementation Studies for the Management of Pain to Reduce Opioid Prescribing (PRISM)</option><option value="211">Preclinical Screening Platform for Pain</option><option value="116">Preventing Opioid Use Disorder </option><option value="44091">Prevention and Management of Chronic Pain in Rural Populations</option><option value="131">Prevention of Progression to Moderate or Severe Opioid Use Disorder</option><option value="44111">Rapidly Assessing the Public Health Impact of Emerging Opioid Threats</option><option value="39646">Recovery Research Networks</option><option value="39621">Reducing Opioid-Related Harms to Treat Chronic Pain (IMPOWR and MIRHIQL)</option><option value="42136">Restoring Joint Health and Function to Reduce Pain (RE-JOIN)</option><option value="121">Sleep Dysfunction as a Core Feature of Opioid Use Disorder and Recovery</option><option value="42111">Small Business Programs</option><option value="40256">Stigma in Pain Management and Opioid Use Disorder</option><option value="44096">The Biology of Opioid Exposure During Pregnancy and Effects on Early Neuro-Behavioral Development</option><option value="42151">The Continuum of Care in Hospitalized Patients with Opioid Use Disorder and Infectious Complications of Drug Use (CHOICE)</option><option value="201">Translating Discoveries into Effective Devices to Treat Pain</option><option value="196">Translational Research to Advance Testing of Novel Drugs and Human Cell-Based Screening Platforms to Treat Pain and Opioid Use Disorder</option><option value="44101">Virtual Assessments to Understand Developmental Trajectories of Substance Use Exposure</option></select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-select form-item-year js-form-item-year form-no-label">
<select data-drupal-selector="edit-year" id="edit-year" name="year" class="form-select"><option value="" selected="selected">Year Awarded</option><option value="2024">2024</option><option value="2023">2023</option><option value="2022">2022</option><option value="2021">2021</option><option value="2020">2020</option><option value="2019">2019</option><option value="2018">2018</option></select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item-submit apply">
<div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions form-group" id="edit-actions"><input class="btn btn-secondary gtm-database-filter button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-database" type="submit" id="edit-submit-database" value="Apply Filters" />
</div>
<a class="advanced-search reset-button btn btn-secondary" href=/funding/awarded>
Reset
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="results">
<div class="form-item-input">
<div class="form-group js-form-item form-item js-form-type-select form-item-items-per-page js-form-item-items-per-page form-no-label">
<label for="edit-items-per-page" class="visually-hidden">Show</label>
<select aria-label="How many items per page" data-drupal-selector="edit-items-per-page" id="edit-items-per-page" name="items_per_page" class="form-select"><option value="2">Show 2 per page</option><option value="5">Show 5 per page</option><option value="10">Show 10 per page</option><option value="25" selected="selected">Show 25 per page</option><option value="50">Show 50 per page</option></select>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<a class="file-export" href="/funding/awarded/export?_format=csv">Download Results</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="container-fluid">
<table class="cols-10 table-striped table-bordered table">
<thead class="thead-dark">
<tr>
<th id="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=field_reporter_number&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Project #">Project #</a></th>
<th id="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=title&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Project Title">Project Title</a></th>
<th id="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area" scope="col">Research Focus Area</th>
<th id="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program" scope="col">Research Program</th>
<th id="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=field_administering_ics&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Administering IC">Administering IC</a></th>
<th id="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=field_institutions&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Institution(s)">Institution(s)</a></th>
<th id="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=field_investigators&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Investigator(s)">Investigator(s)</a></th>
<th id="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=field_locations&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Location(s)">Location(s)</a></th>
<th id="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded" scope="col"><a href="?page=34&amp;rfa=All&amp;research_program=All&amp;institutions1=&amp;locations1=&amp;goal=All&amp;combine=&amp;grant=All&amp;locations=&amp;institutions=&amp;select_location=All&amp;year=&amp;items_per_page=25&amp;order=field_year_awarded&amp;sort=asc" title="sort by Year Awarded">Year Awarded</a></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<!--
<colgroup>
<col span="1" style="width: 9%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 12%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 15%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 15%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 9%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 9%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 9%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 9%;">
<col span="1" style="width: 9%;">
</colgroup>
-->
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-33856"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9980635" target="_blank">3U24TR001608-04S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary1" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">TIN Supplement </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/clinical-research" hreflang="en">Clinical Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/clinical-research/pain-management-research" hreflang="en">Pain Management Effectiveness Research Network (ERN)</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NCATS </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">Duke University </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Benjamin, Daniel K. </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Durham, NC </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary1" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> CTSA Network - Trial Innovation Centers (TICs) (U24)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-TR-15-002.html">RFA-TR-15-002</a>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-33896"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9883281" target="_blank">1UG3TR003149-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary2" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">hiPSC-based DRG Tissue Mimics on Multi-well Microelectrode Arrays as a Tissue Chip Model of Acute and Chronic Nociception </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational/novel-drugs-screening-platforms" hreflang="en">Translational Research to Advance Testing of Novel Drugs and Human Cell-Based Screening Platforms to Treat Pain and Opioid Use Disorder</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NCATS </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">BLACK, BRYAN JAMES </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Dallas, TX </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary2" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Tissue Chips to Model Nociception, Addiction, and Overdose (UG3/UH3 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-TR-19-003.html" target="_blank">RFA-TR-19-003</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Researchers will develop an innovative three-dimensional (3D) model of acute and chronic nociception using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) sensory neurons and satellite glial cell surrogates. They will develop a tissue chip for modeling acute and chronic nociception based on 3D hiPSC-based dorsal root ganglion tissue mimics and a high-content, moderate-throughput microelectrode array. Researchers will demonstrate stable spontaneous and noxious stimulus-evoked behavior in response to thermal, chemical, and electrical stimulation challenges. They aim to demonstrate sensitivity to translational control via ligand receptor interactions between neuronal and non-neuronal cell types. They also will demonstrate the quantitative efficiency and preclinical efficacy of our system by detecting known ligand-based modulators of translational control and voltage-gated ion channel antagonists in a sensitized model of chronic nociception. Researchers will leverage the high-throughput nature of our tissue chip model to screen Food and Drug Administrationapproved bioactive compounds.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-33936"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9900410&amp;icde=48660128&amp;ddparam=&amp;ddvalue=&amp;ddsub=&amp;cr=5&amp;csb=default&amp;cs=ASC&amp;pball=" target="_blank">3UG1DA013727-20S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary3" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">CTN Workforce Development Program </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/research-to-practice" hreflang="en">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/research-to-practice/enhancing-clinical-trials-network" hreflang="en">Enhancing the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network to Address Opioids</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">Medical University of South Carolina </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Brady, Kathleen </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Charleston, SC </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary3" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Administrative Supplements to Existing NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements (Parent Admin Supp Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/pa-18-591.html" target="_blank">PA-18-591</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>The opioid epidemic has increased the demand for a research workforce with the necessary expertise and skills to conceptualize and carry out studies to expand and improve treatment options for opioid use disorders (OUDs). In particular, as the NIDA-funded Clinical Trials Network (CTN) expands the number of nodes and takes on additional studies as part of the HEAL Initiative, the need for an increasing number of staff who are familiar with the CTN research environment is amplified, and opportunities to provide a platform for training new investigators interested in the OUD area are increased. The CTN Research workforce development and dissemination program will provide multi-modal training, including didactic, experiential, and mentoring, to prepare research staff (regulatory personnel, study coordinators, project managers), post-doctoral fellows and faculty from a variety of disciplines (MD, PhD, PharmD, Nurse Practitioners, etc.) to participate in HEAL Initiative studies being conducted within the CTN.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-33976"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?icde=0&amp;aid=9776687" target="_blank">1R43CA233371-01A1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary4" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Inhibiting soluble epoxide hydrolase as a treatment for chemotherapy inducedperipheral neuropathic pain </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research" hreflang="en">Cross-Cutting Research</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/small-business-programs" hreflang="en">Small Business Programs</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NCI </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">EICOSIS, LLC </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">BUCKPITT, ALAN R </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Davis, CA </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary4" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> PHS 2018-02 Omnibus Solicitation of the NIH, CDC, and FDA for Small Business Innovation Research Grant Applications (Parent SBIR [R43/R44] Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-18-574.html" target="_blank">PA-18-574</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>&nbsp;Investigating the broader efficacy of sEH inhibition and specifically our IND candidate, EC5026, has indicated that it is efficacious against chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). This painful neuropathy develops from chemotherapy treatment, is notoriously difficult to treat, and can lead to discontinuation of life-prolonging cancer treatments. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. The research team will investigate if EC5026 has potential drug-drug interaction with approved chemotherapeutics or alters immune cells function, and assess the effects of sEHI on the lipid metabolome and probe for changes in endoplasmic reticulum stress and axonal outgrowth in neurons. The team proposes to more fully characterize the analgesic potential of our compound and investigate on and off target actions in CIPN models and model systems relevant to cancer therapy.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34016"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9906533&amp;amp;icde=45550934" target="_blank">3UG1DA040314-05S5</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary5" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Determining the Optimal Duration of Buprenorphine Treatment to Reduce the Risk of Relapse, Overdose, and Mortality </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/research-to-practice" hreflang="en">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/research-to-practice/enhancing-clinical-trials-network" hreflang="en">Enhancing the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network to Address Opioids</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">CAMPBELL, CYNTHIA I; BRADLEY, KATHARINE ANTHONY; WEISNER, CONSTANCE M. </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Oakland, CA </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary5" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Administrative Supplements to Existing NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements (Parent Admin Supp Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-18-591.html" target="_blank">PA-18-591</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>This study seeks to address the priority of the optimal duration of buprenorphine treatment to reduce the risk of relapse, overdose and mortality outcomes using observational data. Answering this question with a randomized trial raises ethical concerns. Observational studies with large datasets can address these important questions relatively quickly. At the same time, observational studies pose their own methodologic challenges related to confounding, misclassification of exposure and outcome, and informative loss to follow-up. This study will identify and quantify the potential for these sources of bias and then conduct analyses to address the questions of interest (risk of relapse, overdose and mortality).</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34056"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9932739&amp;icde=48650385&amp;ddparam=&amp;ddvalue=&amp;ddsub=&amp;cr=1&amp;csb=default&amp;cs=ASC&amp;pball=" target="_blank">1U18EB029351-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary6" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Development of an MRgFUS system for precision-targeted neuromodulation of pain circuits with simultaneous functional MRI </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational/discoveries-into-devices" hreflang="en">Translating Discoveries into Effective Devices to Treat Pain</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIBIB </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">CASKEY, CHARLES F (contact); CHEN, LI MIN ; GRISSOM, WILLIAM A </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Nashville, Tennessee </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary6" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Translational Development of Devices to Treat Pain (U18 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-EB-18-003.html" target="_blank">RFA-EB-18-003</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>This project aims to develop a next-generation noninvasive neuromodulation system for non-addictive pain treatments. The research team will build an integrated system that uses magnetic resonance image-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) stimulation to target pain regions and circuits in the brain with high precision. The system will use MR imaging to locate three pain targets commonly used in clinical pain treatments, to stimulate those targets with ultrasound, and to monitor responses of nociceptive pain circuits using a functional MRI readout. Three collaborating laboratories will tackle the goals of this project: (Aim 1) Develop focused ultrasound technology for neuromodulation in humans, compatible with the high magnetic fields in an MRI scanner. (Aim 2) Develop MRI technology to find neuromodulation targets, compatible with focused ultrasound transducers. (Aim 3) Validate the complete MRgFUS neuromodulation system in brain pain regions in nonhuman primates. By the end of the project, the research team will have a fully developed and validated MRgFUS system that is ready for pilot clinical trials in pain management.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34096"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9748773&amp;amp;icde=41497953" target="_blank">3R21MD011767-02S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary7" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">SUPPLEMENT TO OPIOID PRESCRIBING DISPARITIES IN A PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/clinical-research" hreflang="en">Clinical Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIMHD </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">Research at Nationwide Children&#039;s - Nationwide Children&#039;s Hospital </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">CHISOLM, DEENA; DEANS, KATHERINE J </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Columbus, OH </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2018 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary7" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Administrative Supplements to Existing NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements (Parent Admin Supp Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-18-591.html" target="_blank">PA-18-591</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>African American adults are less likely to receive analgesics, particularly opioids. Research in the pediatric surgical population is limited, but the pattern of disparate use of opioids appears consistent with adults. Furthermore, adolescent access to prescribed opioids has increased, both through physician prescribing and misuse of medications prescribed to family members or friends. This study will explore the interrelated impacts of policy, clinical need, and sociodemographic factors by combining Medicaid claims and electronic health record data with findings from a statewide opioid policy inventory. We will focus on discharge prescribing of opioids in three high-volume pediatric surgical procedures: tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy, supracondylar fracture, and appendectomy. We aim to 1) determine the extent of racial disparities in postoperative discharge opioid prescribing since the 2011 onset of enhanced opioid prescription reduction activities and 2) develop an expanded model to assess the linkage between differential opioid use for pediatric postoperative pain and opioid use-related outcomes.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34136"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9870205&amp;icde=48592217&amp;ddparam=&amp;ddvalue=&amp;ddsub=&amp;cr=1&amp;csb=default&amp;cs=ASC&amp;pball=" target="_blank">1UG3AR077360-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary8" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">A sequenced-strategy for improving outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis pain </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/clinical-research" hreflang="en">Clinical Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/clinical-research/pain-management-research" hreflang="en">Pain Management Effectiveness Research Network (ERN)</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIAMS </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">COHEN, STEVEN P (contact); CAMPBELL, CLAUDIA MICHELLE; CASTILLO, RENAN C </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Baltimore, MD </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary8" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Pain Management Effectiveness Research Network: Clinical Trial Planning and Implementation Cooperative Agreement (UG3/UH3 Clinical Trial Required)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-19-021.html" target="_blank">RFA-NS-19-021</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>The goal of this proposal is to conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of conservative behavioral and nonopioid pharmacological treatments (Phase I) and, among nonresponders, the benefits of nonsurgical procedural interventions (Phase II). Aim 1 will evaluate the effectiveness of individual and combined online cognitive behavioral therapy (painTRAINER) and pharmacologic treatment (duloxetine) in improving pain and function for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients compared with standard of care. Aim 2 will determine if genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation or intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid and steroid is more effective in improving outcomes than local anesthetic nerve block or standard of care and help establish the role of these interventional treatments in the overall management of pain in KOA patients. Aim 3 will test whether clinical and psychosocial phenotypes predict short- and long-term treatment response.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34176"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9905262" target="_blank">1UG3DA050317-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary9" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Targeting the Ghrelin System for Novel Opioid Use Disorder Therapeutics </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/therapeutic-options" hreflang="en">Novel Therapeutic Options for Opioid Use Disorder and Overdose</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/therapeutic-options/focusing-development" hreflang="en">Focusing Medication Development to Prevent and Treat Opioid Use Disorder and Overdose</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Cunningham, Kathryn </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Galveston, TX </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary9" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Development of Medications to Prevent and Treat Opioid Use Disorders and Overdose (UG3/UH3) (Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DA-19-002.html" target="_blank">RFA-DA-19-002</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>To address the need for novel therapeutics for opioid use disorder (OUD), this research group identified ghrelin as an endogenous regulator of the mesocorticostriatal circuit, which contributes to the enhanced motivational attributes of addictive drugs and drug-associated cues. Ghrelin binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1? (GHS1?R) to transduce several physiological and behavioral processes, including the reward-related effects of opioid agonists. Systemic administration of a GHS1?R antagonist/inverse agonist dose-dependently attenuated self-administration of the addictive opioid analgesic oxycodone as well as oxycodone-seeking. This project proposes to employ a suite of validated rodent OUD models to define the preclinical profile for PF5190457, a selective GHS1?R antagonist/inverse agonist. PF5190457s abuse liability, ability to suppress withdrawal and relapse-like behaviors, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, and brain penetrability in rats will be assessed. Phase 1 clinical studies in nontreatment seeking OUD participants will follow to assess the safety and tolerability of PF5190457.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34216"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9767352&amp;amp;icde=41243034" target="_blank">3U01DE025633-03S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary10" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">INVESTIGATION AND MODULATION OF THE MU-OPIOID MECHANISM IN CHRONIC TMD (IN VIVO) </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDCR </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">DASILVA, ALEXANDRE </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">ANN ARBOR, MI </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2018 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary10" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Biology of the Temporomandibular Joint in Health and Disease (R01)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-358.html" target="_blank">PA-14-358</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Initial studies using positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C] carfentanil, a selective radiotracer for ?-opioid receptor (?OR), have demonstrated that there is a decrease in thalamic µOR availability (non-displaceable binding potential BPND) in the brains of TMD patients during masseteric pain compared to healthy controls. ?-opioid neurotransmission is arguably one of the mechanisms most centrally involved in pain regulation and experience. The main goals of our study are: first, to exploit the ?-opioidergic dysfunction in vivo in TMD patients compared to healthy controls; second, to determine whether 10 daily sessions of non-invasive and precise M1 HD-tDCS have a modulatory effect on clinical and experimental pain measures in TMD patients; and third, to investigate whether repetitive active M1 HD-tDCS induces/reverts ?OR BPND changes in the thalamus and other pain-related regions and whether those changes are correlated with TMD pain measures.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34256"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9763068&amp;amp;icde=41243651" target="_blank">3R01LM010685-09S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary11" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">BEYOND PHEWAS: RECOGNITION OF PHENOTYPE PATTERNS FOR DISCOVERY AND TRANSLATION - ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPLEMENT </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NLM </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Denny, Joshua C. </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">NASHVILLE, TN </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2018 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary11" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Administrative Supplements to Existing NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements (Parent Admin Supp Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/pa-18-591.html" target="_blank">PA-18-591</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Genomic medicine offers hope for improved diagnostic methods and for more effective, patient-specific therapies. Genome-wide associated studies (GWAS) elucidate genetic markers that improve clinical understanding of risks and mechanisms for many diseases and conditions and that may ultimately guide diagnosis and therapy on a patient-specific basis. Previous phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) established a systematic and efficient approach to identifying novel disease-variant associations and discovering pleiotropy using electronic health records (EHRs). This proposal will develop novel methods to identify associations based on patterns of phenotypes using a phenotype risk score (PheRS) methodology to systematically search for the influence of Mendelian disease variants on common disease. By doing so, it also creates a way to assess pathogenicity for rare variants and will identify patients at highest risk of having undiagnosed Mendelian disease. The project is enabled by large DNA biobanks coupled to de-identified copies of EHR.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34296"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9869461&amp;icde=48649976&amp;ddparam=&amp;ddvalue=&amp;ddsub=&amp;cr=1&amp;csb=default&amp;cs=ASC&amp;pball=" target="_blank">1RF1NS113883-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary12" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Sympathetic-mediated sensory neuron cluster firing as a novel therapeutic target for neuropathic pain </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational/novel-targets" hreflang="en">Discovery and Validation of Novel Targets for Safe and Effective Treatment of Pain</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NINDS </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">DONG, XINZHONG </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Baltimore, MD </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary12" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Discovery and Validation of Novel Targets for Safe and Effective Pain Treatment (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-NS-18-043.html" target="_blank">RFA-NS-18-043</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>An important component of neuropathic pain is spontaneous or ongoing pain, such as burning pain or intermittent paroxysms of sharp and shooting pain, which may result from abnormal spontaneous activity in sensory nerves. However, due to technical limitations, spontaneous activity in sensory neurons in vivo has not been well studied. Using in vivo imaging in genetically-modified mice, preliminary findings identified spontaneously-firing clusters of neurons formed within the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after traumatic nerve injury that exhibits increased spontaneous pain behaviors. Furthermore, preliminary evidence has been collected that cluster firing may be related to abnormal sympathetic sprouting in the sensory ganglia. This project will test the hypothesis that cluster firing is triggered by abnormal sympathetic inputs to sensory neurons, and that it underpins spontaneous paroxysmal pain in neuropathic pain models. Findings from this project will identify potential novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of neuropathic pain.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34336"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9837181" target="_blank">1UM1DA049415-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary13" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">HEALing Communities Study - New York </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/research-to-practice" hreflang="en">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/research-to-practice/healing-communities" hreflang="en">HEALing Communities Study</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">EL-BASSEL, NABILA </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">New York, NY </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary13" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEALing Communities Study: Developing and Testing an Integrated Approach to Address the Opioid Crisis (Research Sites) (UM1 - Clinical Trial Required)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/rfa-da-19-016.html" target="_blank">RFA-DA-19-016</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Although there are effective prevention and treatment programs and services to address opioid misuse, opioid use disorder (OUD), and overdose, gaps remain between those needing and those receiving prevention and treatment, in part because of a need to better understand how to make these programs and services most effective at a local level. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) launched the HEALing Communities Study to generate evidence about how tools for preventing and treating opioid misuse and OUD are most effective at the local level. This multisite implementation research study will test the impact of an integrated set of evidence-based practices across health care, behavioral health, justice, and other community-based settings. The goal of the study is to reduce opioid-related overdose deaths by 40 percent over three years. Columbia University is partnering with academic institutions in three other states to study the impact of these efforts in 67 highly affected communities. The study will also look at the effectiveness of coordinated systems of care designed to increase the number of individuals receiving medication to treat OUD, increase the distribution of naloxone, and reduce high-risk opioid prescribing.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34376"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9898784&amp;icde=48649962&amp;ddparam=&amp;ddvalue=&amp;ddsub=&amp;cr=2&amp;csb=default&amp;cs=ASC&amp;pball=" target="_blank">1R34DA050292-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary14" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">HEALthy ORCHARD: Developing plans for a Baltimore site of the HEALthy BCD study </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/infants-and-children" hreflang="en">Enhanced Outcomes for Infants and Children Exposed to Opioids</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/infants-and-children/healthy-brain" hreflang="en">HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">FALLIN, M DANIELE </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Baltimore, MD </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary14" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HEALthy BCD) (R34 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DA-19-036.html" target="_blank">RFA-DA-19-036</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Researchers will expand a recently initiated pregnancy cohort at Johns Hopkins University (JHU) called ORCHARD (ORigins of Child Health And Resilience in Development) to create a Baltimore HEALthy BCD site, named HEALthy ORCHARD. The research team will convene investigators at JHU and the Kennedy Krieger Institute (KKI), and community partners across nine work groups to: (1) develop protocols for recruitment and retention of pregnant mothers and children with enriched sampling of pregnant women who are using substances; (2) establish community, medical, and government partnerships necessary to implement recruitment, retention, data collection and community benefits; (3) characterize the critical ethical and legal challenges raised during study design, in pilot studies, and by prospective participants, and propose solutions where possible and additional research where necessary; (4) develop protocols for longitudinal data collection across pregnancy and childhood; and (5) contribute to multi-site protocol development and nationally relevant principles regarding ethical and legal issues.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34416"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9993931&amp;icde=46798734" target="_blank">3P50DA048756-01S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary15" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Prevention Research Center: Parenting among women who are opioid users </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/new-strategies" hreflang="en">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/new-strategies/preventing-opioid-use-disorder" hreflang="en">Preventing Opioid Use Disorder </a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">University of Oregon </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Fisher, Philip A.; Leve, Leslie Diane (Contact); Stormshak, Elizabeth A. </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Eugene, OR </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary15" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> NIDA Research Center of Excellence Grant Program (P50 Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-18-224.html">PAR-18-224</a>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34456"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9743910&amp;amp;icde=41242974" target="_blank">3UH3AT009293-03S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary16" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">OPTIMIZATION OF SPINAL MANIPULATIVE THERAPY (SMT) PROTOCOLS </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/new-strategies" hreflang="en">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NCCIH </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">University of Utah </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">FRITZ, JULIE M </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Salt Lake City, UT </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2018 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary16" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Innovation Award for Mechanistic Studies to Optimize Mind and Body Interventions in NCCIH High Priority Research Topics (R33)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-AT-16-006.html" target="_blank">RFA-AT-16-006</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Low back pain (LBP) is a common and costly condition. Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is a common mind-body intervention for individuals with LBP. Studies that have supported SMT have generally found relatively small treatment effects. The prior work of this research team has identified two mechanisms explaining the therapeutic effects of SMT: a reduction in spinal stiffness and improved activation of the lumbar multifidus muscle. Our research team has also developed accurate, non-invasive methods to measure these effects and their response to SMT. Our overall goal is to optimize SMT treatment protocols for patients with LBP. In this project, we will use innovative methodology to efficiently evaluate the effects of various individual treatment components toward an overall effect. Results of this project will provide optimized SMT protocols that will be ready for application in future randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy and effectiveness of SMT.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34496"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9900629&amp;amp;icde=46430522" target="_blank">3R01DA043476-02S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary17" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">BUPRENORPHINE FOR PROBATIONERS AND PAROLEES: BRIDGING THE GAP INTO TREATMENT </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/research-to-practice" hreflang="en">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/research-to-practice/jcoin" hreflang="en">Justice Community Overdose Innovation Network (JCOIN)</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">FRIENDS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC. </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Gordon, Michael Scott </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Baltimore, MD </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary17" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Administrative Supplements to Existing NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements (Parent Admin Supp Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-18-591.html" target="_blank">PA-18-591</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>A large number of probationers/parolees with opioid use disorder have limited access to effective treatment. This study is the first random clinical trial in the United States that will assess the effectiveness of buprenorphine treatment using MedicaSafe, a system composed of secure pre-packaged buprenorphine/naloxone cartridges, designed to be dispensed by a SmartKey device that enables clinicians to track patient adherence. The study will initiate treatment at a community corrections office compared to referral to a community program. The public health impact of the proposed study would be widespread, as this model of care could be implemented throughout many areas of the United States with high rates of opioid use disorder in their probation/parolee populations that lack access to methadone treatment.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34536"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9898687" target="_blank">1U18EB029257-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary18" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Temporal Patterns of Spinal Cord Stimulation </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational/discoveries-into-devices" hreflang="en">Translating Discoveries into Effective Devices to Treat Pain</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIBIB </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">DUKE UNIVERSITY </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">GRILL, WARREN M </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Durham, NC </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary18" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Translational Development of Devices to Treat Pain (U18 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-EB-18-003.html" target="_blank">RFA-EB-18-003</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>This project will design and test optimized temporal patterns of stimulation to improve the efficacy of commercially available spinal cord stimulation (SCS) systems to treat chronic neuropathic pain. Researchers will build upon a validated biophysical model of the effects of SCS on sensory signal processing in neurons within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to better understand how to improve the electrical stimulus patterns applied to the spinal cord. They will use sensitivity analyses to determine the robustness of stimulation patterns to variations in electrode positioning, selectivity of stimulation, and biophysical properties of the dorsal horn neural network. Researchers will demonstrate improvements from these new stimulus patterns by 1) measuring their effects on pain-related behavioral outcomes in a rat model of chronic neuropathic pain and by 2) quantifying the effects of optimized temporal patterns on spinal cord neuron activity. The outcome will be mechanistically derived and validated stimulus patterns that are significantly more efficacious than the phenomenologically derived standard of care patterns; these patterns could be implemented with either a software update or minor hardware modifications to existing SCS products.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34591"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9748221&amp;amp;icde=41461671" target="_blank">3U19TW007401-14S1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary19" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">EXPLORATION, CONSERVATION, &amp;amp; DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE BIODIVERSITY IN FIJI AND THE SOLOMON ISLANDS </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">FIC </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">HAY, MARK E </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">ATLANTA, GA </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2018 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary19" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> Limited Competition: International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (U19)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-TW-13-001.html" target="_blank">RFA-TW-13-001</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>This International Cooperative Biodiversity Group application aims to discover and develop small molecule drug leads from cultured marine microbes and diverse coral reef organisms collected from Fiji and the Solomon Islands. Drug discovery efforts will focus on four major disease areas of relevance to the United States and low- and middle-income countries: infectious disease, including tuberculosis and drug-resistant pathogens; neglected tropical diseases, including hookworms and roundworms; cancer; and neurodegenerative and central nervous system disorders. Screening in these therapeutic areas will be performed in collaboration with two major pharmaceutical companies, two highly respected academic groups, and various testing centers and government resources that are available to facilitate drug discovery and development. The acquisition of source material for this program will be linked to biotic surveys, informed by ecological investigations addressing the chemical mediation of biotic interactions, and enriched using ecology-based strategies designed to maximize secondary metabolite production and detection.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34631"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9883479" target="_blank">1UG3TR003081-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary20" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Multi-organ human-on-a-chip system to address overdose and acute and chronic efficacy and off-target toxicity </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational" hreflang="en">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/preclinical-translational/novel-drugs-screening-platforms" hreflang="en">Translational Research to Advance Testing of Novel Drugs and Human Cell-Based Screening Platforms to Treat Pain and Opioid Use Disorder</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NCATS </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">HICKMAN, JAMES J (contact); SHULER, MICHAEL L </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Orlando, FL </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary20" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Tissue Chips to Model Nociception, Addiction, and Overdose (UG3/UH3 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-TR-19-003.html" target="_blank">RFA-TR-19-003</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>This project will build overdose models for fentanyl, methadone, codeine, and morphine in a multi-organ system and evaluate the acute and repeat dose, or chronic effects, of overdose treatments as well as off-target toxicity. Researchers developed a system using human cells in a pumpless multi-organ platform that allows continuous recirculation of a blood surrogate for up to 28 days. They will develop two overdose models for male and female phenotypes based on pre-B?tzinger Complex neurons and will integrate functional immune components that enable organ-specific or systemic monocyte actuation. Models for cardiomyopathy and infection will be utilized. Researchers will establish a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model of overdose and treatment to enable prediction for a range of variables. We will use a serum-free medium with microelectrode arrays and cantilever systems integrated on chip that allow noninvasive electronic and mechanical readouts of organ function.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34671"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9881988" target="_blank">1U01HL150835-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary21" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Evaluating the Role of the Orexin System in Circadian Rhythms of Sleep and Stress in Persons on Medication-Assisted Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/new-strategies" hreflang="en">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/new-strategies/sleep-dysfunction" hreflang="en">Sleep Dysfunction as a Core Feature of Opioid Use Disorder and Recovery</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NHLBI </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">Johns Hopkins University </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">HUHN, ANDREW S (contact); FINAN, PATRICK </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Baltimore, MD </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary21" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Sleep and Circadian-Dependent Mechanisms Contributing to Opiate Use Disorder (OUD) and Response to Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) (U01 Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-HL-19-029.html" target="_blank">RFA-HL-19-029</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>For individuals with moderate to severe opioid use disorder (OUD), medication-assisted treatments (MATs) such as oral methadone and extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) are the gold standard in initiating and maintaining long-term recovery. Still, many patients struggle with persistent sleep disturbance and stress reactivity in the early stages of recovery, which drive relapse behaviors. This proposal constitutes a novel mechanistic approach to understanding the role of the orexin system in sleep disturbance and circadian rhythms of stress in OUD patients who are maintained on MATs and are early in recovery. This study will determine whether the FDA-approved sleep medication suvorexant (SUVO) improves sleep continuity and decreases diurnal measures of stress, and whether improvement of sleep/stress processes translates to improved OUD treatment outcomes. Its findings will fill critical gaps in our understanding of the role of the orexin system in sleep disturbance and circadian rhythms of stress that impact OUD recovery.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34711"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9680910&amp;amp;icde=43814317" target="_blank">1R44DA047866-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary22" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">NEONATAL OPIOID SCREENING USING APTAMERS AND COMPENSATED INTERFEROMETRY </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research" hreflang="en">Cross-Cutting Research</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/small-business-programs" hreflang="en">Small Business Programs</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">Base Pair Biotechnologies, Inc. </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Jackson, George W </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">PEARLAND, TX </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary22" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> PHS 2018-02 Omnibus Solicitation of the NIH, CDC, and FDA for Small Business Innovation Research Grant Applications (Parent SBIR [R43/R44] Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-18-574.html" target="_blank">PA-18-574</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Newborn Abstinence Syndrome, which results from maternal opioid drug use prior to birth, is a serious condition that affects approximately 6% of all neonates born today in the U.S. and which is increasing rapidly in incidence because of this epidemic. Availability of a rapid screening test that can be administered at the point of care to all neonates would allow for early intervention, reducing costs of treatment and reducing pain and suffering for this vulnerable and helpless patient population. Providing a platform to accurately monitor actual levels of these drugs and their metabolites in such patients would allow better-controlled use of these pain management treatments, personalized to the needs of the individual neonate, and would reduce the probability of addiction and resulting complications, which include deleterious neurological effects. The purpose of this FastTrack SBIR project is to expand upon preliminary results that a device can sensitively and accurately detect opioids and their primary urinary metabolites in one-microliter urine samples, in less than a minute after sample introduction into the device, and adapt the device into a point-of-care instrument for use in hospitals, clinics, and other venues in which such tests are likely to be deployed.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34751"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_details.cfm?aid=9621132&amp;amp;icde=46470670" target="_blank">1R44DA046316-01A1</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary23" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">A Phase 1 Randomized Single Oral Dose Four Period Cross-Over Study Investigating Omnitram Dose Proportionality and Food Effect in Normal Human Subjects </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research" hreflang="en">Cross-Cutting Research</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/small-business-programs" hreflang="en">Small Business Programs</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">SYNTRIX BIOSYSTEMS, INC. </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">Kahn, Stuart J </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Auburn, WA </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary23" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> PHS 2017-02 Omnibus Solicitation of the NIH, CDC, and FDA for Small Business Innovation Research Grant Applications (Parent SBIR [R43/R44])
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-17-302.html" target="_blank">PA-17-302</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>From 2009 to 2013, the utilization of the Schedule II opioids codeine, OxyContin, and fentanyl declined significantly, down about 14 percent for all three drugs. In sharp contrast, the use of tramadol, a Schedule IV controlled substance, increased by 32.5 percent. Schedule IV substances have lower potential for abuse and harm than Schedule II substances, and the fortuitous trend to tramadol has reduced the use of the relatively unsafe Schedule II opioids dramatically. However, tramadol is less effective in some individuals with a particular gene variant that makes them unable to metabolize it well. A new analgesic, omnitram, uses similar mechanisms to tramadol but is not as dependent on this gene. This SBIR Fast-Track project will conduct a Phase 1 clinical trial of Omnitram in normal human subjects. Success in this in-patient Phase 1 clinical trial will provide direct support for Omnitrams continued clinical development toward FDA approval.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="even">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34791"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9912559" target="_blank">1R44DA050375-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary24" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">A Novel Workflow to Screen for Illicit Drug Exposure in Newborns </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research" hreflang="en">Cross-Cutting Research</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research/small-business-programs" hreflang="en">Small Business Programs</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NIDA </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">BAEBIES, INC. </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">KENNEDY, ADAM </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Durham, NC </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary24" class="summary collapse even fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Americas Startups and Small Businesses Build Technologies to Stop the Opioid Crisis (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Optional)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DA-19-019.html" target="_blank">RFA-DA-19-019</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>Rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) have skyrocketed during the last decade, and estimates suggest that 5% of mothers use at least one addictive drug during their pregnancy. To address this public health crisis, multiple groups—including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Academy of Pediatrics—recommend universal screening of substance use in pregnancy using standardized behavioral scoring tools. Unfortunately, such tools are often biased due to subjective scoring or self-reporting errors, and fail to identify babies who did not receive proper prenatal care. This project will develop a fast and accurate NAS screening tool that pairs a simple sample preparation protocol with a high-sensitivity panel of homogeneous enzyme immunoassays recognizing five common classes of drugs: fentanyl, morphine, amphetamine/methamphetamine, cocaine, and benzodiazepines. The potential benefits of such a system include reduced length of hospitalization for unaffected newborns, accelerated time to confirmatory results (under 2 hours), faster resolution of acute withdrawal symptoms, and improved referral to family/maternal support services.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
<tr class="odd">
<td headers="view-field-reporter-number-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-reporter-number">
<span id="project-title-34831"> <a href="https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9882676" target="_blank">1R01HL150836-01</a>
</span>
<br>
<a class="expand-link" data-toggle="collapse" href="#summary25" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapseExample">
Show Summary
</a>
</td>
<td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title">Sleep, opiate withdrawal and the N/OFQ - NOP system </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-focus-area-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-focus-area"><a href="/research/new-strategies" hreflang="en">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-research-program-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-research-program"><a href="/research/new-strategies/sleep-dysfunction" hreflang="en">Sleep Dysfunction as a Core Feature of Opioid Use Disorder and Recovery</a> </td>
<td headers="view-field-administering-ics-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-administering-ics">NHLBI </td>
<td headers="view-field-institutions-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-institutions">SRI International </td>
<td headers="view-field-investigators-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-investigators">KILDUFF, THOMAS S (contact); BRUCHAS, MICHAEL R </td>
<td headers="view-field-locations-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-locations">Menlo Par, CA </td>
<td headers="view-field-year-awarded-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-year-awarded">2019 </td>
</tr> <!-- closing head of time -->
<tr id="summary25" class="summary collapse odd fullSummary">
<td colspan="9">
<div class="offset-xl-1 offset-lg-1 offset-md-1 col-10 db-summary">
<strong>NOFO Title:</strong> HEAL Initiative: Sleep and Circadian-Dependent Mechanisms Contributing to Opiate Use Disorder (OUD) and Response to Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) (R01 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
<br>
<strong>NOFO Number:</strong> <a href="https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/rfa-hl-19-028.html" target="_blank">RFA-HL-19-028</a>
<br>
<strong>Summary:</strong>
<br>
<p>The widespread misuse of opioids has underscored the need to develop nonaddicting pain medications. Chronic pain is a major factor contributing to insomnia, and sleep disruption due to chronic pain causes patients to seek relief, exacerbating the drive for prescription opioids. In opioid use disorder, withdrawal from opiates induces insomnia, posing an additional challenge for successful abstinence. This study aims to determine whether treatment of opioid withdrawal-induced insomnia with nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOPR) agonists will mitigate the drive for opiate use. A major component of the arousal/withdrawal circuitries resides in the locus coeruleus (LC), which expresses MOPRs. The study will determine whether and how the NOPR system engages LC circuits to reduce arousal and insomnia-related phenotypes and assess the hypotheses that 1) the NOPR system is a component of the endogenous sleep/wake regulatory system and 2) NOPR agonists can act as therapeutic interventions to reduce opiate use.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr> <!-- summary-->
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<nav class="pager" role="navigation" aria-label="Paginaton navigation">
<ul class="pagination pager__items js-pager__items flex-wrap">
<li class="page-item pager__item pager__item--first">
<a href="?page=0" title="Go to first page" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">First page</span>
<span aria-hidden="true">« First</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item pager__item--previous">
<a href="?page=33" title="Go to previous page" rel="prev" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">Previous page</span>
<span aria-hidden="true"></span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item pager__item--ellipsis" role="presentation">&hellip;</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=30" title="Go to page 31" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>31</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=31" title="Go to page 32" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>32</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=32" title="Go to page 33" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>33</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=33" title="Go to page 34" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>34</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item active">
<a href="?page=34" title="Current page" aria-current="page" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Current page
</span>35</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=35" title="Go to page 36" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>36</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=36" title="Go to page 37" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>37</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=37" title="Go to page 38" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>38</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item">
<a href="?page=38" title="Go to page 39" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">
Page
</span>39</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item pager__item--ellipsis" role="presentation">&hellip;</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item pager__item--next">
<a href="?page=35" title="Go to next page" rel="next" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">Next page</span>
<span aria-hidden="true"></span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="page-item pager__item pager__item--last">
<a href="?page=50" title="Go to last page" class="page-link">
<span class="visually-hidden">Last page</span>
<span aria-hidden="true">Last »</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</main>
<div class="container">
<p class="last-updated">Page last updated
September 21, 2023</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="fluid-container p-3 footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-md-3">
<div class="footer-logo"><a href="/"><img alt="NIH HEAL Initiative" src="/assets/HEAL_Initaitive_White.svg" /></a></div>
<h2>Contact Us</h2>
<p>Please send email to <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#531b16121f22263620273a3c3d133c377d3d3a3b7d343c25"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="a6eee3e7ead7d3c3d5d2cfc9c8e6c9c288c8cfce88c1c9d0">[email&#160;protected]</span></a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-3">
<h2><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/about">About</a></h2>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/about/research-plan">Research Plan</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/about/nih-heal-initiative-leadership">Leadership</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/funding">Funding</a></h2>
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/funding/awarded">Funded Projects</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/funding/open">Open Opportunities</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/funding/closed">Closed Opportunities</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/data">Data</a></h2>
<h2><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/news">News</a></h2>
<h2><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/resources">Resources</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-3">
<h2><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research">Research</a></h2>
<ul class="list-unstyled research-list">
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research/research-to-practice">Translation of Research to Practice for the Treatment of Opioid Addiction</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research/new-strategies">New Strategies to Prevent and Treat Opioid Addiction</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research/infants-and-children">Enhanced Outcomes for Infants and Children Exposed to Opioids</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research/medication-options">Novel Therapeutic Options for Opioid Use Disorder and Overdose</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research/clinical-research">Clinical Research in Pain Management</a></li>
<li><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="/research/preclinical-translational">Preclinical and Translational Research in Pain Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/cross-cutting-research">Cross-Cutting Research</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/training-next-generation-researchers">Training the Next Generation of Researchers in HEAL</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-md-3">
<h2>Stay Connected</h2>
<p><a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIHNIDA/signup/43013" target="_blank" class="signup">Sign up for news and updates.</a></p>
<div class="footer-social-media">
<h2>Follow NIH</h2>
<a aria-label="Follow us on X" class="gtm-social-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/nih" target="_blank">
<span aria-label="Twitter Icon" class="x-icon">&nbsp;</span>
</a>
<a aria-label="Follow us on Instagram" class="gtm-social-instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/nihgov" target="_blank">
<span aria-label="Instagram Icon" class="ig-icon">&nbsp;</span>
</a>
<a aria-label="Follow us on Facebook" class="gtm-social-facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/nih.gov/" target="_blank">
<span aria-label="Facebook Icon" class="fb-icon">&nbsp;</span>
</a>
<a aria-label="Visit the HEAL YouTube" class="gtm-social-youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLd_5BzGlfpgpkK12ToGD9VtxF8ClhEusZ" target="_blank">
<span aria-label="YouTube Icon" class="yt-icon">&nbsp;</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="col-12" />
<div class="col-md-12 gov-links">
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH Home</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://salud.nih.gov/">En Español</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://www.nih.gov/web-policies-notices">Web Policies and Notices</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office">Freedom of Information Act</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://www.edi.nih.gov/no-fear-act">No Fear Act</a></li>
<li class="list-inline-item"><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://oig.hhs.gov/">Office of Inspector General</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a class="gtm-footer-link" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</a></p>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9 mx-auto gov-links">
<p>Helping to End Addiction Long-term<sup>®</sup> and NIH HEAL Initiative<sup>®</sup> are registered service marks of the Department of Health and Human Services.</p>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/881","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en","currentQuery":{"page":"34"}},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJxVymsOgzAMA-AL9XEkZEg2OkJbtemA209FILQ_VvzFINKEeHhch3uVFNVQ2qIk0CAhLoNgZOHib7Vd7aVWZ17Z8K5dPZWWIe6qJqPgXZDnen8ecS3mNkqoM1MfapiE_ZQKP42gGFHZfgNv1dSjKq--iznFn-nwwf4Ha6Im_AMvZlcF","theme":"particle","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/database\/export":true},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":true,"extTargetAppendNewWindowLabel":"(opens in a new window)","extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extTitleNoOverride":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"(\\.gov.*?)","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":".footer-social-media, .social-share-button, .twitter-share-button","extCssInclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":false,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site. We are not responsible for their content.","extHideIcons":false,"mailtoClass":"0","telClass":"","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","telLabel":"(link is a phone number)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extPreventOrphan":false,"extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","extAdditionalLinkClasses":"","extAdditionalMailtoClasses":"","extAdditionalTelClasses":"","extFaTelClasses":"fa fa-phone","whitelistedDomains":null,"extExcludeNoreferrer":""}},"views":{"ajax_path":"\/views\/ajax","ajaxViews":{"views_dom_id:92a7a7cb2f6514f8e21c947066bd50eef64997754faf03429e87f3eaab30514f":{"view_name":"database","view_display_id":"block_6","view_args":"","view_path":"\/node\/881","view_base_path":"database\/export","view_dom_id":"92a7a7cb2f6514f8e21c947066bd50eef64997754faf03429e87f3eaab30514f","pager_element":0,"viewsreference":{"compressed":"eJxdjrEKwzAMRP_Fc4e0eGl-pRShomsqcFRji5RQ8u-N8RDooOHu3gN9g7BzGG_3U4DxI0Gowl1tqr3NXGBO-6mv5GtGGFvJU-H8Cv-Ayj5fh_MxPBVJyHhuYg-L4nMABYtWfVt3Y4yXZndSHTMJUvtx2H4hST0K"}}}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"af5eece730f2d5aa6b0d43e1d564e85bd63161885787ef00214b14f2707a18ff"}}</script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/particle/apps/drupal/../../dist/app-drupal/assets/drupal-jquery.js?ss1xuy"></script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/particle/apps/drupal/../../node_modules/mark.js/dist/jquery.mark.js?ss1xuy"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/once/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupal.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/particle/apps/drupal/includes/view-specific/database.js?ss1xuy"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/drupal.init.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/tabbable/index.umd.min.js?v=6.2.0"></script>
<script src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" defer></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/addtoany/js/addtoany.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/modules/contrib/extlink/js/extlink.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/particle/apps/drupal/../../dist/app-drupal/assets/app.js?ss1xuy"></script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/particle/apps/drupal/menus.js?ss1xuy"></script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/particle/apps/drupal/funding.js?ss1xuy"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/jquery.form.js?v=4.3.0"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/progress.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/assets/vendor/loadjs/loadjs.min.js?v=4.3.0"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/debounce.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/announce.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/message.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/misc/ajax.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/themes/contrib/stable/js/ajax.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/modules/views/js/base.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script src="/core/modules/views/js/ajax_view.js?v=10.4.1"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"4885254293","applicationID":"336795922","transactionName":"M1JQZkdWDRVYWkIPCQoYc1FBXgwIFn1EExYFW25cWlMGOnpWWBIUC1teV0drLQldXGAPAxN0XVxBRQwKVVxES1gSXldF","queueTime":17,"applicationTime":1918,"atts":"HxVHEA9MHkobWBRcHRlK","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body>
</html>