93 lines
113 KiB
HTML
93 lines
113 KiB
HTML
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/*# sourceURL=/css/ampshared.css*/</style><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:title" content="How To…Read Personal Character"><meta property="og:url" content="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/01/29/how-to-read-personal-character/"><meta property="og:description" content="By Michael Sappol Human Faces, What They Mean! How to Read Personal Character, 1872 If you live in the 19th century, as I do, and want to know how to read people like a book, then read this book. W…"><meta property="article:published_time" content="2014-01-29T16:00:16+00:00"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-07-23T14:33:02+00:00"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Circulating Now from the NLM Historical Collections"><meta property="og:image" content="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=429%2C470&ssl=1"><meta property="og:image:width" content="429"><meta property="og:image:height" content="470"><meta property="og:image:alt" content="A sketch of the face of a man with a long nose and protuding jaw baring his teeth."><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@NLM_NIH"><meta name="twitter:text:title" content="How To…Read Personal Character"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=429%2C470&ssl=1&w=640"><meta name="twitter:image:alt" 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/*# sourceURL=amp-custom.css */</style><link rel="canonical" href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/01/29/how-to-read-personal-character/"><title>How To…Read Personal Character – Circulating Now from the NLM Historical Collections</title><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Circulating Now from the NLM Historical Collections","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/circulating-nih-logo-v3.png?fit=232%2C60\u0026ssl=1"}},"@type":"BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/01/29/how-to-read-personal-character/","headline":"How To\u0026#8230;Read Personal Character","datePublished":"2014-01-29T11:00:16-05:00","dateModified":"2021-07-23T10:33:02-04:00","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Circulating Now"},"image":"https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=429%2C470\u0026ssl=1"}</script></head>
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Circulating Now from the NLM Historical Collections </span>
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<h1 class="amp-wp-title">How To…Read Personal Character</h1>
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<span class="amp-wp-author author vcard">Circulating Now</span>
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<time datetime="2014-01-29T16:00:16+00:00">
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11 years ago </time>
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<amp-img width="429" height="470" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=429%2C470&ssl=1" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image amp-wp-enforced-sizes i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" alt="A sketch of the face of a man with a long nose and protuding jaw baring his teeth." data-hero-candidate="" layout="intrinsic" data-hero i-amphtml-ssr i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ3MCIgd2lkdGg9IjQyOSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><img class="i-amphtml-fill-content i-amphtml-replaced-content" decoding="async" loading="lazy" alt="A sketch of the face of a man with a long nose and protuding jaw baring his teeth." src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=429%2C470&ssl=1"></amp-img> <p class="wp-caption-text">
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Retaliativeness large. </p>
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</figure>
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<div class="amp-wp-article-content">
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<p><em>By Michael Sappol</em></p>
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<h3>Human Faces, What They Mean! How to Read Personal Character, 1872</h3>
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<p>If you live in the 19th century, as I do, and want to know how to read people like a book, then read this book. Which is on “Physiognomy”— “the art, or science, by which the characteristics of the mind are discovered in the general configuration of the body, and particularly in the features of the face.”</p>
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<p>You will first encounter “Forms of the Human Body”, the “Abdominal Form”, “Muscular or Fibrous Form”, “Thoracic Form”, “Osseous or Bony Form”, “Brain and Nerve Form”, and go through the major organs of the body, the color and texture of the body, the healthiness of the body and the relative “activity of the mind.” Don’t worry if you’re confused, there are lots of illustrations to show what the author is talking about.</p>
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<div class="tiled-gallery type-rectangular tiled-gallery-unresized" data-original-width="840" data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2014\/01\/29\/how-to-read-personal-character\/","likes_blog_id":"52242398"}' itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <div class="gallery-row amp-wp-6eb2d5a" data-original-width="840" data-original-height="423" data-amp-original-style="width: 840px; height: 423px;"> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-0d1a517" data-original-width="568" data-original-height="423" data-amp-original-style="width: 568px; height: 423px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="564"> <meta itemprop="height" content="419"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-0984266 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3198" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form-large.jpg" data-orig-size="792,589" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“Abdominal Form large”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form-large.jpg?fit=300%2C223&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form-large.jpg?fit=792%2C589&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form-large.jpg?w=564&h=419&ssl=1" width="564" height="419" data-original-width="564" data-original-height="419" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title='"Abdominal Form large"' alt="Engraving of a hippopotamus eating by a pool." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 564px; height: 419px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQxOSIgd2lkdGg9IjU2NCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form-large.jpg?w=564&h=419&ssl=1" width="564" height="419" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title='"Abdominal Form large"' alt="Engraving of a hippopotamus eating by a pool."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Abdominal Form large: Hippopotamus, taken from life in the Zoological Gardens in London, England. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-160054b" data-original-width="272" data-original-height="423" data-amp-original-style="width: 272px; height: 423px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="268"> <meta itemprop="height" content="419"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-07b7011 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3197" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form.jpg" data-orig-size="888,1388" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“Abdominal Form”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form.jpg?fit=192%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form.jpg?fit=655%2C1024&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form.jpg?w=268&h=419&ssl=1" width="268" height="419" data-original-width="268" data-original-height="419" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title='“Abdominal Form"' alt="A short round man with a protruding stomach next to a very tall lean man." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 268px; height: 419px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQxOSIgd2lkdGg9IjI2OCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/abdominal-form.jpg?w=268&h=419&ssl=1" width="268" height="419" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title='“Abdominal Form"' alt="A short round man with a protruding stomach next to a very tall lean man."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Abdominal Form large and small: Nathan Meyer Rothschild, the money potentate of the world and Nicholas Paganini, the wizard of the bow. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-row amp-wp-93f1151" data-original-width="840" data-original-height="179" data-amp-original-style="width: 840px; height: 179px;"> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-8807240" data-original-width="188" data-original-height="179" data-amp-original-style="width: 188px; height: 179px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-small" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="184"> <meta itemprop="height" content="175"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-95a0382 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3200" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/muscular-or-fibrous-form.jpg" data-orig-size="884,840" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“Muscular or Fibrous Form”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/muscular-or-fibrous-form.jpg?fit=300%2C285&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/muscular-or-fibrous-form.jpg?fit=840%2C798&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/muscular-or-fibrous-form.jpg?w=184&h=175&ssl=1" width="184" height="175" data-original-width="184" data-original-height="175" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“Muscular or Fibrous Form”" alt="A heavily muscled man in a boxing pose stands next to a taller, more slim man." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 184px; height: 175px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjE4NCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/muscular-or-fibrous-form.jpg?w=184&h=175&ssl=1" width="184" height="175" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“Muscular or Fibrous Form”" alt="A heavily muscled man in a boxing pose stands next to a taller, more slim man."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Muscular or Fibrous Form large and small: Tom Johnson, a notorious champion of England in 1789 and Amadeus, King of Spain, second son of King Emmanuel of Italy. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-8807240" data-original-width="188" data-original-height="179" data-amp-original-style="width: 188px; height: 179px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-small" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="184"> <meta itemprop="height" content="175"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-95a0382 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3202" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/thoracic-form.jpg" data-orig-size="969,925" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“Thoracic Form”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/thoracic-form.jpg?fit=300%2C286&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/thoracic-form.jpg?fit=840%2C802&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/thoracic-form.jpg?w=184&h=175&ssl=1" width="184" height="175" data-original-width="184" data-original-height="175" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title='“Thoracic Form"' alt="A sketch of a narrow chested man next to a deep chested man." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 184px; height: 175px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjE4NCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/thoracic-form.jpg?w=184&h=175&ssl=1" width="184" height="175" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title='“Thoracic Form"' alt="A sketch of a narrow chested man next to a deep chested man."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Thoracic Form small and large: Edward VI., the only son of Henry VIII., whom he succeeded to the throne of England in 1547, and died at the early age of 16 years and Cicero, the Prince of orators, who conquered Caesar by his eloquence, and composed 500 verses in a single night. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-2a12f27" data-original-width="116" data-original-height="179" data-amp-original-style="width: 116px; height: 179px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-small" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="112"> <meta itemprop="height" content="175"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-3931edf i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3201" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/osseous-or-bony-form.jpg" data-orig-size="899,1400" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“Osseous or Bony Form”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/osseous-or-bony-form.jpg?fit=193%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/osseous-or-bony-form.jpg?fit=658%2C1024&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/osseous-or-bony-form.jpg?w=112&h=175&ssl=1" width="112" height="175" data-original-width="112" data-original-height="175" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“Osseous or Bony Form”" alt="An engraving of two men, one less than half as tall as the other." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 112px; height: 175px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjExMiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/osseous-or-bony-form.jpg?w=112&h=175&ssl=1" width="112" height="175" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“Osseous or Bony Form”" alt="An engraving of two men, one less than half as tall as the other."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Osseous or Bony Form small and large: Charles Stratton, “Tom Thumb,” about three feet in height. Abraham Lincoln, eight about six feet six inches. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-88dd2b0" data-original-width="348" data-original-height="179" data-amp-original-style="width: 348px; height: 179px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="344"> <meta itemprop="height" content="175"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-8d043b2 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3199" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/brain-and-nerve-form.jpg" data-orig-size="875,446" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“Brain and Nerve Form”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/brain-and-nerve-form.jpg?fit=300%2C153&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/brain-and-nerve-form.jpg?fit=840%2C428&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/brain-and-nerve-form.jpg?w=344&h=175&ssl=1" width="344" height="175" data-original-width="344" data-original-height="175" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“Brain and Nerve Form”" alt="The faces of two men one with a narrow forehead and wide jaw, the other with a wide forehead and narrow jaw." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 344px; height: 175px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE3NSIgd2lkdGg9IjM0NCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/brain-and-nerve-form.jpg?w=344&h=175&ssl=1" width="344" height="175" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“Brain and Nerve Form”" alt="The faces of two men one with a narrow forehead and wide jaw, the other with a wide forehead and narrow jaw."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Brain and Nerve Form small and large: A licentious and brutal flat head Indian man, of Cape Flattery, Washington Territory, America and Dr Spraker, President of Wittenberg College, at Springfield, Ohio. He has studied, taught, lectured, and preached all his life. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
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<p>You will then take a tour of emotional and intellectual dispositions, which the author terms “powers” and “abilities”, exemplified by portraits of people, but also some animals, using categories gleaned from an allied and overlapping field of study: the science of phrenology. It’s all a bit technical, and you may have trouble following me, but here’s a sample. There are “Supplyant Powers,” which include “contentment or acquiesciveness”, “animal imitation or animalimitationality”, “love of liquids, or aquasorbitiveness”, “physical hope or physioelpidicity”, “rapacity or graspativeness”, “appetite for food or appetitiveness”, “revengefulness or retaliativeness” (why not “retaliativity”?). There are “Protective Abilities,” which are “an ascendancy of the thoracic form”, and which include “desire to be sentinelled or sentinelativeness”, “moral courage or morivalorosity” (how morivalorous!), “tendency for elevation of mind or body, or elevativeness”, “sense of smell or olfactiveness” (these types tend to have large noses). I could go through more categories and subcategories, but you get the idea…</p>
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<div class="tiled-gallery type-rectangular tiled-gallery-unresized" data-original-width="840" data-carousel-extra='{"blog_id":1,"permalink":"https:\/\/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov\/2014\/01\/29\/how-to-read-personal-character\/","likes_blog_id":"52242398"}' itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <div class="gallery-row amp-wp-0d8cafd" data-original-width="840" data-original-height="366" data-amp-original-style="width: 840px; height: 366px;"> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-7288378" data-original-width="563" data-original-height="366" data-amp-original-style="width: 563px; height: 366px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="559"> <meta itemprop="height" content="362"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-494cfde i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3208" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/contentment-or-acquiesciveness.jpg" data-orig-size="975,631" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“contentment or acquiesciveness”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/contentment-or-acquiesciveness.jpg?fit=300%2C194&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/contentment-or-acquiesciveness.jpg?fit=840%2C544&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/contentment-or-acquiesciveness.jpg?w=559&h=362&ssl=1" width="559" height="362" data-original-width="559" data-original-height="362" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“contentment or acquiesciveness”" alt="A thin severe looking woman and a round faced amiable looking woman." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 559px; height: 362px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjM2MiIgd2lkdGg9IjU1OSIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/contentment-or-acquiesciveness.jpg?w=559&h=362&ssl=1" width="559" height="362" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“contentment or acquiesciveness”" alt="A thin severe looking woman and a round faced amiable looking woman."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Acquiesciveness small and large: Mrs. Bachus, of California and a Welsh woman. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-b47216c" data-original-width="277" data-original-height="366" data-amp-original-style="width: 277px; height: 366px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="273"> <meta itemprop="height" content="362"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-194f271 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3206" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality_chimp.jpg" data-orig-size="662,879" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“animal imitation or animalimitationality”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality_chimp.jpg?fit=226%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality_chimp.jpg?fit=662%2C879&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality_chimp.jpg?w=273&h=362&ssl=1" width="273" height="362" data-original-width="273" data-original-height="362" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“animal imitation or animalimitationality”" alt="An engraving of a chimpanzee sitting in a tree wearing a jacket." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 273px; height: 362px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjM2MiIgd2lkdGg9IjI3MyIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality_chimp.jpg?w=273&h=362&ssl=1" width="273" height="362" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“animal imitation or animalimitationality”" alt="An engraving of a chimpanzee sitting in a tree wearing a jacket."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Animalimitationality large: Chimpanzee, taken from life in the Zoological Gardens in London. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-row amp-wp-7ff41be" data-original-width="840" data-original-height="510" data-amp-original-style="width: 840px; height: 510px;"> <div class="gallery-group images-2 amp-wp-b601407" data-original-width="452" data-original-height="510" data-amp-original-style="width: 452px; height: 510px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="448"> <meta itemprop="height" content="245"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-0f32f97 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3205" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality.jpg" data-orig-size="855,468" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“animal imitation or animalimitationality”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality.jpg?fit=300%2C164&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality.jpg?fit=840%2C460&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality.jpg?w=448&h=245&ssl=1" width="448" height="245" data-original-width="448" data-original-height="245" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“animal imitation or animalimitationality”" alt="A man with a wide mouth and a pierced nose and a man with glasses and a big beard." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 448px; height: 245px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjI0NSIgd2lkdGg9IjQ0OCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/animal-imitation-or-animalimitationality.jpg?w=448&h=245&ssl=1" width="448" height="245" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“animal imitation or animalimitationality”" alt="A man with a wide mouth and a pierced nose and a man with glasses and a big beard."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Animalimitationality large and small: A Fort Rupert Indian. At one time this tribe existed as Cannibals, and Horace Greely. </div> </div> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="448"> <meta itemprop="height" content="257"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-d2a630b i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3209" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/love-of-liquids-or-aquasorbitiveness.jpg" data-orig-size="854,490" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“love of liquids or aquasorbitiveness”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/love-of-liquids-or-aquasorbitiveness.jpg?fit=300%2C172&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/love-of-liquids-or-aquasorbitiveness.jpg?fit=840%2C482&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/love-of-liquids-or-aquasorbitiveness.jpg?w=448&h=257&ssl=1" width="448" height="257" data-original-width="448" data-original-height="257" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“love of liquids or aquasorbitiveness”" alt="The faces of a round faced amiable looking man and a thin angular man." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 448px; height: 257px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjI1NyIgd2lkdGg9IjQ0OCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/love-of-liquids-or-aquasorbitiveness.jpg?w=448&h=257&ssl=1" width="448" height="257" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“love of liquids or aquasorbitiveness”" alt="The faces of a round faced amiable looking man and a thin angular man."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Aquasorbitiveness large and small: George Morland, a talented painter, who died as he had lived, a great drunkard and Nicholas Copernicus, who drank very sparingly of water and was exemplarily temperate. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-2d2f55d" data-original-width="388" data-original-height="510" data-amp-original-style="width: 388px; height: 510px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="384"> <meta itemprop="height" content="506"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-d6469f6 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3211" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/physical-hope-or-physioelpidicity.jpg" data-orig-size="629,829" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“physical hope or physioelpidicity”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/physical-hope-or-physioelpidicity.jpg?fit=228%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/physical-hope-or-physioelpidicity.jpg?fit=629%2C829&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/physical-hope-or-physioelpidicity.jpg?w=384&h=506&ssl=1" width="384" height="506" data-original-width="384" data-original-height="506" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“physical hope or physioelpidicity”" alt="Engraved portrait of a thin, severe looking man wearing a laural crown and holding a book." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 384px; height: 506px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjUwNiIgd2lkdGg9IjM4NCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/physical-hope-or-physioelpidicity.jpg?w=384&h=506&ssl=1" width="384" height="506" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“physical hope or physioelpidicity”" alt="Engraved portrait of a thin, severe looking man wearing a laural crown and holding a book."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Physioelpidicity small: Dante, the Author of Paradise, Purgatory and Hell. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-row amp-wp-fa8b141" data-original-width="840" data-original-height="331" data-amp-original-style="width: 840px; height: 331px;"> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-23c7b3d" data-original-width="536" data-original-height="331" data-amp-original-style="width: 536px; height: 331px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="532"> <meta itemprop="height" content="327"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-e92f637 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3212" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/rapacity-or-graspativeness.jpg" data-orig-size="893,550" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“rapacity or graspativeness”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/rapacity-or-graspativeness.jpg?fit=300%2C185&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/rapacity-or-graspativeness.jpg?fit=840%2C517&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/rapacity-or-graspativeness.jpg?w=532&h=327&ssl=1" width="532" height="327" data-original-width="532" data-original-height="327" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“rapacity or graspativeness”" alt="The heads of a round faced intense looking man and a thin man in a turban and mustache with a symbol painted on his forehead." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 532px; height: 327px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjMyNyIgd2lkdGg9IjUzMiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/rapacity-or-graspativeness.jpg?w=532&h=327&ssl=1" width="532" height="327" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“rapacity or graspativeness”" alt="The heads of a round faced intense looking man and a thin man in a turban and mustache with a symbol painted on his forehead."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Graspativeness large and small: Robert Gregson, a Notorious English Pugilist and Nana Narian, an East Indiaman. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-c1119da" data-original-width="304" data-original-height="331" data-amp-original-style="width: 304px; height: 331px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="300"> <meta itemprop="height" content="327"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-3b659bc i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3207" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/appetite-for-food-or-appetitiveness.jpg" data-orig-size="659,718" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“appetite for food or appetitiveness”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/appetite-for-food-or-appetitiveness.jpg?fit=275%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/appetite-for-food-or-appetitiveness.jpg?fit=659%2C718&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/appetite-for-food-or-appetitiveness.jpg?w=300&h=327&ssl=1" width="300" height="327" data-original-width="300" data-original-height="327" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“appetite for food or appetitiveness”" alt="Simple engraving of a statue of a heavy man in a toga." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 300px; height: 327px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjMyNyIgd2lkdGg9IjMwMCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/appetite-for-food-or-appetitiveness.jpg?w=300&h=327&ssl=1" width="300" height="327" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“appetite for food or appetitiveness”" alt="Simple engraving of a statue of a heavy man in a toga."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Appetitiveness large: Vitellius, the sensuous gourmand Emperor of Rome. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-row amp-wp-3f81df8" data-original-width="840" data-original-height="580" data-amp-original-style="width: 840px; height: 580px;"> <div class="gallery-group images-1 amp-wp-27bde87" data-original-width="530" data-original-height="580" data-amp-original-style="width: 530px; height: 580px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="526"> <meta itemprop="height" content="576"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-977be5a i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3213" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg" data-orig-size="429,470" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“revengefulness or retaliativeness” " data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=274%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?fit=429%2C470&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?w=526&h=576&ssl=1" width="526" height="576" data-original-width="526" data-original-height="576" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“revengefulness or retaliativeness” " alt="A sketch of the face of a man with a long nose and protuding jaw baring his teeth." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 526px; height: 576px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjU3NiIgd2lkdGg9IjUyNiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/revengefulness-or-retaliativeness.jpg?w=526&h=576&ssl=1" width="526" height="576" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“revengefulness or retaliativeness” " alt="A sketch of the face of a man with a long nose and protuding jaw baring his teeth."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Retaliativeness large. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gallery-group images-3 amp-wp-971a3c4" data-original-width="310" data-original-height="580" data-amp-original-style="width: 310px; height: 580px;"> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="306"> <meta itemprop="height" content="190"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-bb85d27 i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3210" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/moral-courage-or-morivalorosity.jpg" data-orig-size="830,515" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“moral courage or morivalorosity”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/moral-courage-or-morivalorosity.jpg?fit=300%2C186&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/moral-courage-or-morivalorosity.jpg?fit=830%2C515&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/moral-courage-or-morivalorosity.jpg?w=306&h=190&ssl=1" width="306" height="190" data-original-width="306" data-original-height="190" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“moral courage or morivalorosity”" alt="The profiles of a black man with a protruding face and mouth and a white man with a thin face and small recessed jaw." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 306px; height: 190px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE5MCIgd2lkdGg9IjMwNiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/moral-courage-or-morivalorosity.jpg?w=306&h=190&ssl=1" width="306" height="190" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“moral courage or morivalorosity”" alt="The profiles of a black man with a protruding face and mouth and a white man with a thin face and small recessed jaw."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Morivalorosity small and large: Thomas Molineaux, a brutal English Pugilist and Thomas Becon, Professor of Divinity at Oxford who first wrote against bowing at the name of Jesus. </div> </div> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="306"> <meta itemprop="height" content="172"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-6ed40ed i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3215" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/tendency-for-elevation-of-mind-or-body-or-elevativeness.jpg" data-orig-size="756,424" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“tendency for elevation of mind or body, or elevativeness”" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/tendency-for-elevation-of-mind-or-body-or-elevativeness.jpg?fit=300%2C168&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/tendency-for-elevation-of-mind-or-body-or-elevativeness.jpg?fit=756%2C424&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/tendency-for-elevation-of-mind-or-body-or-elevativeness.jpg?w=306&h=172&ssl=1" width="306" height="172" data-original-width="306" data-original-height="172" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“tendency for elevation of mind or body, or elevativeness”" alt="The profies of a man with a flat face and small nose and one with a large pointed nose." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 306px; height: 172px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE3MiIgd2lkdGg9IjMwNiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/tendency-for-elevation-of-mind-or-body-or-elevativeness.jpg?w=306&h=172&ssl=1" width="306" height="172" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“tendency for elevation of mind or body, or elevativeness”" alt="The profies of a man with a flat face and small nose and one with a large pointed nose."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Elevativeness small and large: Flat Head Indian of Puget Sound and Lavater, who had an inordinate desire to ascend every tower, cupola, steeple, monument, or mountain. </div> </div> <div class="tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large" itemprop="associatedMedia" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="width" content="306"> <meta itemprop="height" content="206"> <amp-img class="amp-wp-enforced-sizes amp-wp-6db992c i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" data-attachment-id="3214" data-orig-file="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/sense-of-smell-or-olfactiveness.jpg" data-orig-size="898,604" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta='{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}' data-image-title="“sense of smell or olfactiveness” " data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/sense-of-smell-or-olfactiveness.jpg?fit=300%2C202&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/sense-of-smell-or-olfactiveness.jpg?fit=840%2C565&ssl=1" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/sense-of-smell-or-olfactiveness.jpg?w=306&h=206&ssl=1" width="306" height="206" data-original-width="306" data-original-height="206" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“sense of smell or olfactiveness” " alt="The profiles of a man and a woman with very large noses." layout="intrinsic" data-amp-original-style="width: 306px; height: 206px;" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjIwNiIgd2lkdGg9IjMwNiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/sense-of-smell-or-olfactiveness.jpg?w=306&h=206&ssl=1" width="306" height="206" loading="lazy" itemprop="http://schema.org/image" title="“sense of smell or olfactiveness” " alt="The profiles of a man and a woman with very large noses."></noscript></amp-img> <div class="tiled-gallery-caption" itemprop="caption description"> Olfactiveness large. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
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<p>I guarantee that you will learn a lot. Dr Simms provides many examples of the curious variations to which humans are prey—tall/short, fat/thin, smart/stupid, savage/civilized, and so on. You will learn about well-known figures from history and the present day (1880s), and named and unnamed people drawn from phrenology and ethnology, which is the study of races, especially non-European races. For some reason, Dr Simms generally finds that these non-European races do not exhibit morally beneficial or appealing traits. Try not to be like them!</p>
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<p>People are hard to read, it’s tough going, and you have to know how. Dr Simms, a “renowned and eloquent lecturer” who has lectured all across America for more than 30 years, is an expert who has studied this subject seriously and really knows his stuff. As an added bonus, in the back of the book, Dr Simms provides blank forms which you can fill in to evaluate people you meet, along with a long list of “professions, trades, occupations, and callings,” so that you have standardized categories when you fill in the blanks. That makes things easier. Finally—and this is a real help—there is a section entitled “Choice of a Companion for Life” which lists all of the good qualities you may want to find in a mate. As is obvious from all of the above, this book is morally instructive and answers a lot of questions. But if you’re feeling a bit <i>sentinelative</i> and want to go further, you may seek to consult a longer, more technical work, Mary O. Stanton’s <a title="Catalog Record" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/00830230R"><i>How to Read Faces; or Practical and Scientific Physiognomy</i></a>, published by the same (dare I say it, <i>elevative</i>) publisher. That will set you back $2, a day’s wages or so, depending on your calling.</p>
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<p> </p>
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<p><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/t_glover_60321510r_only.jpg"><amp-img class="alignleft wp-image-2824 amp-wp-enforced-sizes i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/t_glover_60321510r_only.jpg?resize=90%2C105" alt="An engraved portrait of T. Glover" width="90" height="105" layout="intrinsic" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwNSIgd2lkdGg9IjkwIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIvPg=="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/t_glover_60321510r_only.jpg?resize=90%2C105" alt="An engraved portrait of T. Glover" width="90" height="105"></noscript></amp-img></a><i>T. Glover, a dry goods merchant of Quebec, is 52 years of age, has crossed the Atlantic Ocean upwards of 70 times, never taken five shillings worth of medicine, and never lost a day’s work by sickness.</i></p>
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<p>[<strong>Disclosure</strong>: This blog post is facetious and ironic, and really by someone who lives in the 21st century, Michael Sappol, a historian in the History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine, who has only crossed the Atlantic Ocean 20 times or so, and has lost lots of days’ work by sickness. Sappol does not endorse the opinions or advice of Dr Simms. He wants to add that, although phrenology and physiognomy were taken quite seriously as sciences of character and mind earlier in the 19th century (and a residue of their doctrines was carried over into late 19th-century fine art, and academic psychology and anthropology), by the late 1880s works such as this were generally dismissed by the well- educated. Even so, phrenology and physiognomy continued to be popular among working-and lower-middle-class people who aspired to be better educated. Strangely, works on the subject were usually printed in small type and to be understood required a fairly high degree of literacy and knowledge of history and the world. At the same time, phrenology and physiognomy contributed to their readers’ stock of knowledge by giving faces to historical names and exotic peoples, and providing brief references to historical events, anatomy and geography. Of course, we should neither overlook nor forget that phrenology and physiognomy also contributed to racial, cultural and social stereotypes and biases against native peoples, people of color, and individuals who were challenged physically and mentally.]</p>
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<p><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/human-faces-what-they-mean.jpg"><amp-img class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-3224 amp-wp-enforced-sizes i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/human-faces-what-they-mean.jpg?resize=91%2C150" alt='Title page including two portraits and stating "This book is Illustrated by upwards of 200 Engravings."' width="91" height="150" layout="intrinsic" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjE1MCIgd2lkdGg9IjkxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIvPg=="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/human-faces-what-they-mean.jpg?resize=91%2C150" alt='Title page including two portraits and stating "This book is Illustrated by upwards of 200 Engravings."' width="91" height="150"></noscript></amp-img></a>Joseph Simms, MD, <a title="Catalog Record" href="https://catalog.nlm.nih.gov/permalink/01NLM_INST/1o1phhn/alma994026803406676"><i>Human Faces, What They Mean! How to Read Personal Character</i></a> (London, 1872; reprint New York: Murray Hill Publishing Company, 1887); “illustrated by upwards of 200 engravings and…several hundred signs of character, forming an original system….”</p>
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<p data-amp-original-style="text-align: justify;" class="amp-wp-7d27179"><em>Read other How To… features from the NLM Collections <a title="How To...from the collections of the National Library of Medicine" href="http://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/tag/how-to/">here</a>.</em></p>
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<div data-amp-original-style="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 60px;" class="amp-wp-026d4ec"><em><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/mike-in-chicago_final.jpg"><amp-img class="alignleft wp-image-548 amp-wp-enforced-sizes i-amphtml-layout-intrinsic i-amphtml-layout-size-defined" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/mike-in-chicago_final.jpg?resize=78%2C105" alt="profile portrait of Michael Sappol in Chicago" width="78" height="105" layout="intrinsic" i-amphtml-layout="intrinsic"><i-amphtml-sizer slot="i-amphtml-svc" class="i-amphtml-sizer"><img alt="" aria-hidden="true" class="i-amphtml-intrinsic-sizer" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwNSIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4IiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZlcnNpb249IjEuMSIvPg=="></i-amphtml-sizer><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/mike-in-chicago_final.jpg?resize=78%2C105" alt="profile portrait of Michael Sappol in Chicago" width="78" height="105"></noscript></amp-img></a>Michael Sappol is a historian in the History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine.</em></div>
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