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dbSNP Short Genetic Variations

Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report

All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Click on the Variant Details tab for details on Genomic Placement, Gene, and Amino Acid changes. HGVS names are in the HGVS tab.

Reference SNP (rs) Report

This page reports data for a single dbSNP Reference SNP variation (RefSNP or rs) from the new redesigned dbSNP build.
Top of the page reports a concise summary for the rs, with more specific details included in the corresponding tabs below.
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Use the Genomic View to inspect the nucleotides flanking the variant, and its neighbors.
For more information see Help documentation.

rs9923231

Current Build 157

Released September 3, 2024

Organism
Homo sapiens
Position
chr16:31096368 (GRCh38.p14) Help

The anchor position for this RefSNP. Includes all nucleotides potentially affected by this change, thus it can differ from HGVS, which is right-shifted. See here for details.

Alleles
C>A / C>G / C>T
Variation Type
SNV Single Nucleotide Variation
Frequency
T=0.322691 (85413/264690, TOPMED)
T=0.380890 (78912/207178, ALFA)
T=0.317274 (47296/149070, GnomAD_genomes) (+ 16 more)
C=0.0748 (541/7234, Korea4K)
T=0.3435 (2200/6404, 1000G_30X)
T=0.3556 (1781/5008, 1000G)
T=0.3462 (1551/4480, Estonian)
T=0.3679 (1418/3854, ALSPAC)
T=0.3703 (1373/3708, TWINSUK)
C=0.0782 (229/2930, KOREAN)
T=0.3790 (717/1892, HapMap)
T=0.373 (372/998, GoNL)
C=0.091 (72/792, PRJEB37584)
T=0.373 (224/600, NorthernSweden)
C=0.260 (90/346, SGDP_PRJ)
T=0.458 (99/216, Qatari)
C=0.182 (39/214, Vietnamese)
C=0.27 (12/44, Siberian)
T=0.47 (19/40, GENOME_DK)
Clinical Significance
Reported in ClinVar
Gene : Consequence
VKORC1 : 2KB Upstream Variant
LOC124903680 : 2KB Upstream Variant
Publications
263 citations
Genomic View
See rs on genome

ALFA Allele Frequency
The ALFA project provide aggregate allele frequency from dbGaP. More information is available on the project page including descriptions, data access, and terms of use.

Release Version: 20231103111315
Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele Ref HMOZ Alt HMOZ HTRZ HWEP
Total Global 207178 C=0.619110 T=0.380890 0.389935 0.151715 0.45835 32
European Sub 179666 C=0.607639 T=0.392361 0.371111 0.155834 0.473056 4
African Sub 7094 C=0.8924 T=0.1076 0.795884 0.010995 0.193121 0
African Others Sub 264 C=0.958 T=0.042 0.916667 0.0 0.083333 0
African American Sub 6830 C=0.8899 T=0.1101 0.791215 0.01142 0.197365 0
Asian Sub 702 C=0.121 T=0.879 0.017094 0.774929 0.207977 0
East Asian Sub 556 C=0.095 T=0.905 0.010791 0.820144 0.169065 0
Other Asian Sub 146 C=0.219 T=0.781 0.041096 0.60274 0.356164 0
Latin American 1 Sub 842 C=0.719 T=0.281 0.527316 0.090261 0.382423 1
Latin American 2 Sub 6888 C=0.5530 T=0.4470 0.307782 0.2018 0.490418 0
South Asian Sub 5042 C=0.7959 T=0.2041 0.635065 0.043237 0.321698 0
Other Sub 6944 C=0.6122 T=0.3878 0.386809 0.162442 0.450749 5


Help

Frequency tab displays a table of the reference and alternate allele frequencies reported by various studies and populations. Table lines, where Population="Global" refer to the entire study population, whereas lines, where Group="Sub", refer to a study-specific population subgroupings (i.e. AFR, CAU, etc.), if available. Frequency for the alternate allele (Alt Allele) is a ratio of samples observed-to-total, where the numerator (observed samples) is the number of chromosomes in the study with the minor allele present (found in "Sample size", where Group="Sub"), and the denominator (total samples) is the total number of all chromosomes in the study for the variant (found in "Sample size", where Group="Study-wide" and Population="Global").

Download
Study Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele
TopMed Global Study-wide 264690 C=0.677309 T=0.322691
Allele Frequency Aggregator Total Global 207178 C=0.619110 T=0.380890
Allele Frequency Aggregator European Sub 179666 C=0.607639 T=0.392361
Allele Frequency Aggregator African Sub 7094 C=0.8924 T=0.1076
Allele Frequency Aggregator Other Sub 6944 C=0.6122 T=0.3878
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 2 Sub 6888 C=0.5530 T=0.4470
Allele Frequency Aggregator South Asian Sub 5042 C=0.7959 T=0.2041
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 1 Sub 842 C=0.719 T=0.281
Allele Frequency Aggregator Asian Sub 702 C=0.121 T=0.879
gnomAD v4 - Genomes Global Study-wide 149070 C=0.682726 T=0.317274
gnomAD v4 - Genomes European Sub 78544 C=0.62034 T=0.37966
gnomAD v4 - Genomes African Sub 41504 C=0.90023 T=0.09977
gnomAD v4 - Genomes American Sub 15262 C=0.60857 T=0.39143
gnomAD v4 - Genomes East Asian Sub 5172 C=0.1083 T=0.8917
gnomAD v4 - Genomes South Asian Sub 4824 C=0.8219 T=0.1781
gnomAD v4 - Genomes Ashkenazi Jewish Sub 3472 C=0.5006 T=0.4994
gnomAD v4 - Genomes Middle Eastern sub 292 C=0.466 T=0.534
Korean Genome Project 4K KOREAN Study-wide 7234 C=0.0748 T=0.9252
1000Genomes_30X Global Study-wide 6404 C=0.6565 T=0.3435
1000Genomes_30X African Sub 1786 C=0.9423 T=0.0577
1000Genomes_30X Europe Sub 1266 C=0.6137 T=0.3863
1000Genomes_30X South Asian Sub 1202 C=0.8569 T=0.1431
1000Genomes_30X East Asian Sub 1170 C=0.1145 T=0.8855
1000Genomes_30X American Sub 980 C=0.592 T=0.408
1000Genomes Global Study-wide 5008 C=0.6444 T=0.3556
1000Genomes African Sub 1322 C=0.9455 T=0.0545
1000Genomes East Asian Sub 1008 C=0.1151 T=0.8849
1000Genomes Europe Sub 1006 C=0.6123 T=0.3877
1000Genomes South Asian Sub 978 C=0.855 T=0.145
1000Genomes American Sub 694 C=0.589 T=0.411
Genetic variation in the Estonian population Estonian Study-wide 4480 C=0.6538 T=0.3462
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children PARENT AND CHILD COHORT Study-wide 3854 C=0.6321 T=0.3679
UK 10K study - Twins TWIN COHORT Study-wide 3708 C=0.6297 T=0.3703
KOREAN population from KRGDB KOREAN Study-wide 2930 C=0.0782 A=0.0000, G=0.0000, T=0.9218
HapMap Global Study-wide 1892 C=0.6210 T=0.3790
HapMap American Sub 770 C=0.561 T=0.439
HapMap African Sub 692 C=0.910 T=0.090
HapMap Asian Sub 254 C=0.083 T=0.917
HapMap Europe Sub 176 C=0.523 T=0.477
Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 Genome of the Netherlands Study-wide 998 C=0.627 T=0.373
CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas Global Study-wide 792 C=0.091 T=0.909
CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas CRM Sub 792 C=0.091 T=0.909
Northern Sweden ACPOP Study-wide 600 C=0.627 T=0.373
SGDP_PRJ Global Study-wide 346 C=0.260 T=0.740
Qatari Global Study-wide 216 C=0.542 T=0.458
A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database Global Study-wide 214 C=0.182 T=0.818
Siberian Global Study-wide 44 C=0.27 T=0.73
The Danish reference pan genome Danish Study-wide 40 C=0.53 T=0.47
Help

Variant Details tab shows known variant placements on genomic sequences: chromosomes (NC_), RefSeqGene, pseudogenes or genomic regions (NG_), and in a separate table: on transcripts (NM_) and protein sequences (NP_). The corresponding transcript and protein locations are listed in adjacent lines, along with molecular consequences from Sequence Ontology. When no protein placement is available, only the transcript is listed. Column "Codon[Amino acid]" shows the actual base change in the format of "Reference > Alternate" allele, including the nucleotide codon change in transcripts, and the amino acid change in proteins, respectively, allowing for known ribosomal slippage sites. To view nucleotides adjacent to the variant use the Genomic View at the bottom of the page - zoom into the sequence until the nucleotides around the variant become visible.

Genomic Placements
Sequence name Change
GRCh38.p14 chr 16 NC_000016.10:g.31096368C>A
GRCh38.p14 chr 16 NC_000016.10:g.31096368C>G
GRCh38.p14 chr 16 NC_000016.10:g.31096368C>T
GRCh37.p13 chr 16 NC_000016.9:g.31107689C>A
GRCh37.p13 chr 16 NC_000016.9:g.31107689C>G
GRCh37.p13 chr 16 NC_000016.9:g.31107689C>T
VKORC1 RefSeqGene (LRG_582) NG_011564.1:g.3588G>T
VKORC1 RefSeqGene (LRG_582) NG_011564.1:g.3588G>C
VKORC1 RefSeqGene (LRG_582) NG_011564.1:g.3588G>A
Gene: VKORC1, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (minus strand) : 2KB Upstream Variant
Molecule type Change Amino acid[Codon] SO Term
VKORC1 transcript variant 3 NM_001311311.2:c. N/A Upstream Transcript Variant
VKORC1 transcript variant 1 NM_024006.6:c. N/A Upstream Transcript Variant
VKORC1 transcript variant 2 NM_206824.3:c. N/A Upstream Transcript Variant
Gene: LOC124903680, uncharacterized LOC124903680 (minus strand) : 2KB Upstream Variant
Molecule type Change Amino acid[Codon] SO Term
LOC124903680 transcript XM_047435012.1:c. N/A Upstream Transcript Variant
Help

Clinical Significance tab shows a list of clinical significance entries from ClinVar associated with the variation, per allele. Click on the RCV accession (i.e. RCV000001615.2) or Allele ID (i.e. 12274) to access full ClinVar report.

Allele: C= (allele ID: 176160 )
ClinVar Accession Disease Names Clinical Significance
RCV000152659.13 Warfarin response Drug-Response
Allele: T (allele ID: 17250 )
ClinVar Accession Disease Names Clinical Significance
RCV000002295.15 Warfarin response Pathogenic,Drug-Response
RCV000377657.13 not provided Other
RCV000603173.9 not specified Likely-Benign
RCV001787364.9 phenprocoumon response - Dosage Drug-Response
RCV001787365.11 phenprocoumon response - Toxicity Drug-Response
RCV001787366.10 warfarin response - Toxicity Drug-Response
RCV003150805.9 Venous thromboembolism Protective
RCV003227593.8 warfarin response - Dosage Drug-Response
RCV003227594.8 acenocoumarol response - Dosage Drug-Response
RCV003227595.10 warfarin response - Efficacy Drug-Response
RCV003952337.1 VKORC1-related disorder Likely-Benign
RCV003993732.1 See cases Uncertain-Significance
RCV003996074.1 Thrombus Uncertain-Significance
Help

Aliases tab displays HGVS names representing the variant placements and allele changes on genomic, transcript and protein sequences, per allele. HGVS name is an expression for reporting sequence accession and version, sequence type, position, and allele change. The column "Note" can have two values: "diff" means that there is a difference between the reference allele (variation interval) at the placement reported in HGVS name and the reference alleles reported in other HGVS names, and "rev" means that the sequence of this variation interval at the placement reported in HGVS name is in reverse orientation to the sequence(s) of this variation in other HGVS names not labeled as "rev".

Placement C= A G T
GRCh38.p14 chr 16 NC_000016.10:g.31096368= NC_000016.10:g.31096368C>A NC_000016.10:g.31096368C>G NC_000016.10:g.31096368C>T
GRCh37.p13 chr 16 NC_000016.9:g.31107689= NC_000016.9:g.31107689C>A NC_000016.9:g.31107689C>G NC_000016.9:g.31107689C>T
VKORC1 RefSeqGene (LRG_582) NG_011564.1:g.3588= NG_011564.1:g.3588G>T NG_011564.1:g.3588G>C NG_011564.1:g.3588G>A
Help

Submissions tab displays variations originally submitted to dbSNP, now supporting this RefSNP cluster (rs). We display Submitter handle, Submission identifier, Date and Build number, when the submission appeared for the first time. Direct submissions to dbSNP have Submission ID in the form of an ss-prefixed number (ss#). Other supporting variations are listed in the table without ss#.

133 SubSNP, 21 Frequency, 14 ClinVar submissions
No Submitter Submission ID Date (Build)
1 BCM_SSAHASNP ss13761958 Dec 05, 2003 (119)
2 SSAHASNP ss21316156 Apr 05, 2004 (121)
3 PGA-UW-FHCRC ss28527760 Dec 02, 2004 (126)
4 ILLUMINA ss75181539 Dec 07, 2007 (129)
5 HGSV ss77595664 Dec 07, 2007 (129)
6 HGSV ss83709285 Dec 15, 2007 (130)
7 BCMHGSC_JDW ss90365531 Mar 24, 2008 (129)
8 BGI ss103290726 Feb 21, 2009 (130)
9 PHARMGKB_PEAR ss105108094 Feb 06, 2009 (130)
10 PHARMGKB_PEAR ss105109748 Feb 06, 2009 (130)
11 1000GENOMES ss109298630 Jan 23, 2009 (130)
12 KRIBB_YJKIM ss119606770 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
13 ENSEMBL ss136659349 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
14 ENSEMBL ss136759876 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
15 ILLUMINA ss154517329 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
16 GMI ss157248916 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
17 ILLUMINA ss159691137 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
18 ILLUMINA ss161024963 Dec 01, 2009 (131)
19 ILLUMINA ss174928603 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
20 BUSHMAN ss201611298 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
21 1000GENOMES ss227214761 Jul 14, 2010 (132)
22 1000GENOMES ss237004905 Jul 15, 2010 (132)
23 1000GENOMES ss243348946 Jul 15, 2010 (132)
24 GMI ss282493659 May 04, 2012 (137)
25 GMI ss287058906 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
26 PJP ss291944768 May 09, 2011 (134)
27 ILLUMINA ss410961014 Sep 17, 2011 (135)
28 ILLUMINA ss482018400 May 04, 2012 (137)
29 ILLUMINA ss482052529 May 04, 2012 (137)
30 ILLUMINA ss483002909 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
31 ILLUMINA ss485802687 May 04, 2012 (137)
32 EXOME_CHIP ss491507448 May 04, 2012 (137)
33 ILLUMINA ss537643660 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
34 TISHKOFF ss564870521 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
35 SSMP ss660625311 Apr 25, 2013 (138)
36 ILLUMINA ss779022956 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
37 ILLUMINA ss783347190 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
38 ILLUMINA ss784298467 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
39 ILLUMINA ss832609155 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
40 ILLUMINA ss833201796 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
41 ILLUMINA ss834485577 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
42 EVA-GONL ss992432591 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
43 JMKIDD_LAB ss1080589035 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
44 1000GENOMES ss1355977395 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
45 DDI ss1427823814 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
46 OMIM-CURATED-RECORDS ss1505810760 Dec 08, 2014 (142)
47 EVA_GENOME_DK ss1577894834 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
48 EVA_UK10K_ALSPAC ss1634304827 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
49 EVA_UK10K_TWINSUK ss1677298860 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
50 EVA_DECODE ss1696467003 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
51 EVA_SVP ss1713536025 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
52 ILLUMINA ss1752190372 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
53 WEILL_CORNELL_DGM ss1935857494 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
54 GENOMED ss1968250986 Jul 19, 2016 (147)
55 JJLAB ss2028715725 Sep 14, 2016 (149)
56 ILLUMINA ss2094890071 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
57 ILLUMINA ss2095066090 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
58 CLINVAR ss2137495312 Feb 23, 2017 (149)
59 USC_VALOUEV ss2157129975 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
60 HUMAN_LONGEVITY ss2211738303 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
61 SYSTEMSBIOZJU ss2628850413 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
62 ILLUMINA ss2633311817 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
63 ILLUMINA ss2635063516 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
64 GRF ss2701637563 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
65 GNOMAD ss2942119714 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
66 AFFY ss2985066798 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
67 AFFY ss2985703212 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
68 SWEGEN ss3014335205 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
69 BIOINF_KMB_FNS_UNIBA ss3028180750 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
70 CSHL ss3351408497 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
71 ILLUMINA ss3627511089 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
72 ILLUMINA ss3631298626 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
73 ILLUMINA ss3633119161 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
74 ILLUMINA ss3633825137 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
75 ILLUMINA ss3634639923 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
76 ILLUMINA ss3635513480 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
77 ILLUMINA ss3636330245 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
78 ILLUMINA ss3637264907 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
79 ILLUMINA ss3638122215 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
80 ILLUMINA ss3640347242 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
81 ILLUMINA ss3643103536 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
82 URBANLAB ss3650498578 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
83 ILLUMINA ss3652107666 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
84 ILLUMINA ss3653838674 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
85 EGCUT_WGS ss3681408914 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
86 EVA_DECODE ss3699138570 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
87 ACPOP ss3741465828 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
88 ILLUMINA ss3744940351 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
89 EVA ss3753863708 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
90 ILLUMINA ss3772438653 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
91 PACBIO ss3788022296 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
92 PACBIO ss3793008645 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
93 PACBIO ss3797893537 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
94 KHV_HUMAN_GENOMES ss3819156746 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
95 EVA ss3834546941 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
96 EVA ss3840881041 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
97 EVA ss3846372066 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
98 SGDP_PRJ ss3884287739 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
99 KRGDB ss3933646439 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
100 EVA ss3984712159 Apr 27, 2021 (155)
101 TOMMO_GENOMICS ss6162174623 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
102 TOMMO_GENOMICS ss6162174624 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
103 EVA ss6271139551 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
104 EVA ss6316065000 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
105 EVA ss6322547373 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
106 EVA ss6327770855 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
107 EVA ss6333122280 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
108 YEGNASUBRAMANIAN_LAB ss6346564568 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
109 EVA ss6349909945 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
110 KOGIC ss6393708372 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
111 GNOMAD ss6995223683 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
112 TOPMED ss8012865347 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
113 TOMMO_GENOMICS ss8219197800 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
114 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss8300689691 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
115 EVA ss8315834795 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
116 EVA ss8423277073 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
117 HUGCELL_USP ss8494114949 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
118 EVA ss8511599265 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
119 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss8603179274 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
120 SANFORD_IMAGENETICS ss8624378657 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
121 SANFORD_IMAGENETICS ss8658769607 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
122 TOMMO_GENOMICS ss8773908237 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
123 EVA ss8799404562 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
124 YY_MCH ss8815894804 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
125 EVA ss8846314159 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
126 EVA ss8847461571 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
127 EVA ss8851549473 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
128 EVA ss8898849591 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
129 EVA ss8950183867 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
130 EVA ss8979483448 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
131 EVA ss8981800139 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
132 EVA ss8981800140 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
133 EVA ss8982263478 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
134 1000Genomes NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
135 1000Genomes_30X NC_000016.10 - 31096368 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
136 The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
137 Genetic variation in the Estonian population NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
138 The Danish reference pan genome NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
139 gnomAD v4 - Genomes NC_000016.10 - 31096368 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
140 Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
141 HapMap NC_000016.10 - 31096368 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
142 KOREAN population from KRGDB NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
143 Korean Genome Project 4K NC_000016.10 - 31096368 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
144 Northern Sweden NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
145 CNV burdens in cranial meningiomas NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2021 (155)
146 Qatari NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
147 SGDP_PRJ NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
148 Siberian NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Apr 27, 2020 (154)
149 38KJPN

Submission ignored due to conflicting rows:
Row 179550443 (NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T 69827/77444)
Row 179550444 (NC_000016.10:31096367:C:A 39/77444)

- Nov 03, 2024 (157)
150 38KJPN

Submission ignored due to conflicting rows:
Row 179550443 (NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T 69827/77444)
Row 179550444 (NC_000016.10:31096367:C:A 39/77444)

- Nov 03, 2024 (157)
151 TopMed NC_000016.10 - 31096368 Apr 27, 2021 (155)
152 UK 10K study - Twins NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
153 A Vietnamese Genetic Variation Database NC_000016.9 - 31107689 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
154 ALFA NC_000016.10 - 31096368 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
155 ClinVar RCV000002295.15 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
156 ClinVar RCV000152659.13 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
157 ClinVar RCV000377657.13 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
158 ClinVar RCV000603173.9 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
159 ClinVar RCV001787364.9 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
160 ClinVar RCV001787365.11 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
161 ClinVar RCV001787366.10 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
162 ClinVar RCV003150805.9 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
163 ClinVar RCV003227593.8 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
164 ClinVar RCV003227594.8 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
165 ClinVar RCV003227595.10 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
166 ClinVar RCV003952337.1 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
167 ClinVar RCV003993732.1 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
168 ClinVar RCV003996074.1 Nov 03, 2024 (157)
Help

History tab displays RefSNPs (Associated ID) from previous builds (Build) that now support the current RefSNP, and the dates, when the history was updated for each Associated ID (History Updated).

Associated ID History Updated (Build)
rs17878363 Mar 10, 2006 (126)
rs60511154 May 26, 2008 (130)
rs117572127 Aug 16, 2010 (132)
Added to this RefSNP Cluster:
Submission IDs Observation SPDI Canonical SPDI Source RSIDs
40823833, ss3933646439 NC_000016.9:31107688:C:A NC_000016.10:31096367:C:A (self)
ss2137495312, ss6162174624 NC_000016.10:31096367:C:A NC_000016.10:31096367:C:A (self)
ss105108094, ss105109748 NT_010393.16:31047688:C:A NC_000016.10:31096367:C:A (self)
40823833, ss3933646439 NC_000016.9:31107688:C:G NC_000016.10:31096367:C:G (self)
ss105108094, ss105109748 NT_010393.16:31047688:C:G NC_000016.10:31096367:C:G (self)
ss77595664, ss83709285, ss90365531, ss109298630, ss201611298, ss282493659, ss287058906, ss291944768, ss482018400, ss1696467003, ss1713536025, ss2094890071, ss2635063516, ss3643103536 NC_000016.8:31015189:C:T NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T (self)
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RCV000002295.15, RCV000377657.13, RCV000603173.9, RCV001787364.9, RCV001787365.11, RCV001787366.10, RCV003150805.9, RCV003227593.8, RCV003227594.8, RCV003227595.10, RCV003952337.1, RCV003993732.1, RCV003996074.1, 90705209, 522683700, 1373977, 43560270, 228411008, 9497303021, ss1505810760, ss2211738303, ss3028180750, ss3650498578, ss3699138570, ss3819156746, ss3846372066, ss6162174623, ss6393708372, ss6995223683, ss8012865347, ss8300689691, ss8494114949, ss8603179274, ss8773908237, ss8815894804, ss8851549473, ss8898849591 NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T (self)
ss28527760, ss75181539, ss103290726, ss119606770, ss136659349, ss136759876, ss154517329, ss157248916, ss159691137, ss161024963, ss174928603, ss410961014 NT_010393.16:31047688:C:T NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T (self)
ss13761958, ss21316156 NT_024812.10:2507355:C:T NC_000016.10:31096367:C:T (self)
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Publications tab displays PubMed articles citing the variation as a listing of PMID, Title, Author, Year, Journal, ordered by Year, descending.

263 citations for rs9923231
PMID Title Author Year Journal
15883587 Common VKORC1 and GGCX polymorphisms associated with warfarin dose. Wadelius M et al. 2005 The pharmacogenomics journal
15888487 A novel functional VKORC1 promoter polymorphism is associated with inter-individual and inter-ethnic differences in warfarin sensitivity. Yuan HY et al. 2005 Human molecular genetics
15930419 Effect of VKORC1 haplotypes on transcriptional regulation and warfarin dose. Rieder MJ et al. 2005 The New England journal of medicine
15947090 The impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphism and patient characteristics upon warfarin dose requirements: proposal for a new dosing regimen. Sconce EA et al. 2005 Blood
16270629 VKORC1 haplotypes and their impact on the inter-individual and inter-ethnical variability of oral anticoagulation. Geisen C et al. 2005 Thrombosis and haemostasis
16580898 Influence of coagulation factor, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1, and cytochrome P450 2C9 gene polymorphisms on warfarin dose requirements. Aquilante CL et al. 2006 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
16611310 The c.-1639G > A polymorphism of the VKORC1 gene is a major determinant of the response to acenocoumarol in anticoagulated patients. Montes R et al. 2006 British journal of haematology
16890578 VKORC1 gene variations are the major contributors of variation in warfarin dose in Japanese patients. Obayashi K et al. 2006 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
17048007 Association of warfarin dose with genes involved in its action and metabolism. Wadelius M et al. 2007 Human genetics
17049586 Genotypes of vitamin K epoxide reductase, gamma-glutamyl carboxylase, and cytochrome P450 2C9 as determinants of daily warfarin dose in Japanese patients. Kimura R et al. 2007 Thrombosis research
17387222 Genetic-based dosing in orthopedic patients beginning warfarin therapy. Millican EA et al. 2007 Blood
17510308 Estimation of warfarin maintenance dose based on VKORC1 (-1639 G>A) and CYP2C9 genotypes. Zhu Y et al. 2007 Clinical chemistry
17635701 VKORC1: molecular target of coumarins. Oldenburg J et al. 2007 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
18030307 Combination of phenotype assessments and CYP2C9-VKORC1 polymorphisms in the determination of warfarin dose requirements in heavily medicated patients. Michaud V et al. 2008 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
18252229 Warfarin pharmacogenetics: CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes predict different sensitivity and resistance frequencies in the Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jewish populations. Scott SA et al. 2008 American journal of human genetics
18305455 Use of pharmacogenetic and clinical factors to predict the therapeutic dose of warfarin. Gage BF et al. 2008 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
18322281 Genetic determinants of response to warfarin during initial anticoagulation. Schwarz UI et al. 2008 The New England journal of medicine
18466099 Influence of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 on warfarin dose, anticoagulation attainment and maintenance among European-Americans and African-Americans. Limdi NA et al. 2008 Pharmacogenomics
18523153 Regulatory polymorphism in vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) affects gene expression and warfarin dose requirement. Wang D et al. 2008 Blood
18535201 A genome-wide scan for common genetic variants with a large influence on warfarin maintenance dose. Cooper GM et al. 2008 Blood
18542936 VKORC1 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms are associated with warfarin dose requirements in Turkish patients. Oner Ozgon G et al. 2008 European journal of clinical pharmacology
18559094 Warfarin dose and INR related to genotypes of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 in patients with myocardial infarction. Haug KBF et al. 2008 Thrombosis journal
18574025 The largest prospective warfarin-treated cohort supports genetic forecasting. Wadelius M et al. 2009 Blood
18596683 Dosing algorithms to predict warfarin maintenance dose in Caucasians and African Americans. Schelleman H et al. 2008 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
18629445 Dependency of phenprocoumon dosage on polymorphisms in the VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genes. Qazim B et al. 2009 Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis
18662264 Laboratory and clinical outcomes of pharmacogenetic vs. clinical protocols for warfarin initiation in orthopedic patients. Lenzini PA et al. 2008 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
18680736 Genetic factors contribute to patient-specific warfarin dose for Han Chinese. Wang TL et al. 2008 Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
18690342 An analysis of the relative effects of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 variants on anticoagulation related outcomes in warfarin-treated patients. Meckley LM et al. 2008 Thrombosis and haemostasis
18752379 Warfarin pharmacogenetics. Limdi NA et al. 2008 Pharmacotherapy
18809808 Ethnic differences in cardiovascular drug response: potential contribution of pharmacogenetics. Johnson JA et al. 2008 Circulation
18855533 VKORC1 polymorphisms, haplotypes and haplotype groups on warfarin dose among African-Americans and European-Americans. Limdi NA et al. 2008 Pharmacogenomics
19018719 VKORC1 and CYP2C9 allelic variants influence acenocoumarol dose requirements in Greek patients. Markatos CN et al. 2008 Pharmacogenomics
19074728 Relative contribution of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and early INR response to the prediction of warfarin sensitivity during initiation of therapy. Li C et al. 2009 Blood
19135231 Effect of VKORC1-1639 G>A polymorphism, body weight, age, and serum albumin alterations on warfarin response in Japanese patients. Yoshizawa M et al. 2009 Thrombosis research
19228618 Estimation of the warfarin dose with clinical and pharmacogenetic data. Klein TE et al. 2009 The New England journal of medicine
19277427 Pharmacogenetics of acenocoumarol: CYP2C9 *2 and VKORC1 c.-1639G>A, 497C>G, 1173C>T, and 3730G>A variants influence drug dose in anticoagulated patients. Verde Z et al. 2009 Thrombosis and haemostasis
19300499 A genome-wide association study confirms VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 as principal genetic determinants of warfarin dose. Takeuchi F et al. 2009 PLoS genetics
19387626 Exploring warfarin pharmacogenomics with the extreme-discordant-phenotype methodology: impact of FVII polymorphisms on stable anticoagulation with warfarin. Fuchshuber-Moraes M et al. 2009 European journal of clinical pharmacology
19538716 Thrombotic genetic risk factors and warfarin pharmacogenetic variants in São Miguel's healthy population (Azores). Branco CC et al. 2009 Thrombosis journal
19582440 Influence of clinical and genetic factors on warfarin dose requirements among Japanese patients. Ohno M et al. 2009 European journal of clinical pharmacology
19679631 Interactive modeling for ongoing utility of pharmacogenetic diagnostic testing: application for warfarin therapy. Linder MW et al. 2009 Clinical chemistry
19745563 VKORC1 diplotype-derived dosing model to explain variability in warfarin dose requirements in Asian patients. Sandanaraj E et al. 2009 Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics
19794411 Genetic factors (VKORC1, CYP2C9, EPHX1, and CYP4F2) are predictor variables for warfarin response in very elderly, frail inpatients. Pautas E et al. 2010 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
19874474 Ability of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 to predict therapeutic warfarin dose during the initial weeks of therapy. Ferder NS et al. 2010 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
19875892 A vitamin K epoxide reductase-oxidase complex gene polymorphism (-1639G>A) and interindividual variability in the dose-effect of vitamin K antagonists. Stepien E et al. 2009 Journal of applied genetics
19940803 VKORC1 pharmacogenomics summary. Owen RP et al. 2010 Pharmacogenetics and genomics
19955245 Warfarin sensitivity genotyping: a review of the literature and summary of patient experience. Moyer TP et al. 2009 Mayo Clinic proceedings
20017677 ARMS test for diagnosis of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 mutation in patients with pulmonary embolism in Han Chinese. Zhu J et al. 2010 Pharmacogenomics
20072124 Genetic and clinical predictors of warfarin dose requirements in African Americans. Cavallari LH et al. 2010 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
20128861 Comparative performance of gene-based warfarin dosing algorithms in a multiethnic population. Lubitz SA et al. 2010 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
20149073 Pharmacogenetics of acenocoumarol in patients with extreme dose requirements. Pérez-Andreu V et al. 2010 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
20193673 Genotype polymorphisms of GGCX, NQO1, and VKORC1 genes associated with risk susceptibility in patients with large-artery atherosclerotic stroke. Shyu HY et al. 2010 Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
20203262 Warfarin pharmacogenetics: a single VKORC1 polymorphism is predictive of dose across 3 racial groups. Limdi NA et al. 2010 Blood
20339978 The impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphism and patient characteristics upon warfarin dose requirements in an adult Turkish population. Ozer N et al. 2010 Heart and vessels
20354686 Increased frequency of CYP2C9 variant alleles and homozygous VKORC1*2B carriers in warfarin-treated patients with excessive INR response. Molden E et al. 2010 European journal of clinical pharmacology
20375999 Integration of genetic, clinical, and INR data to refine warfarin dosing. Lenzini P et al. 2010 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
20376629 VKORC1 -1639G>A and CYP2C9*3 are the major genetic predictors of phenprocoumon dose requirement. Puehringer H et al. 2010 European journal of clinical pharmacology
20386359 Gene-based warfarin dosing compared with standard of care practices in an orthopedic surgery population: a prospective, parallel cohort study. McMillin GA et al. 2010 Therapeutic drug monitoring
20421126 A regression model to predict warfarin dose from clinical variables and polymorphisms in CYP2C9, CYP4F2, and VKORC1: Derivation in a sample with predominantly a history of venous thromboembolism. Wells PS et al. 2010 Thrombosis research
20435227 Clinical assessment incorporating a personal genome. Ashley EA et al. 2010 Lancet (London, England)
20555338 Worldwide allele frequency distribution of four polymorphisms associated with warfarin dose requirements. Ross KA et al. 2010 Journal of human genetics
20585445 A novel, single algorithm approach to predict acenocoumarol dose based on CYP2C9 and VKORC1 allele variants. Verde Z et al. 2010 PloS one
20615525 VKORC1 V66M mutation in African Brazilian patients resistant to oral anticoagulant therapy. Orsi FA et al. 2010 Thrombosis research
20653676 CYP4F2 rs2108622: a minor significant genetic factor of warfarin dose in Han Chinese patients with mechanical heart valve replacement. Cen HJ et al. 2010 British journal of clinical pharmacology
20709439 Warfarin dosing in patients with impaired kidney function. Limdi NA et al. 2010 American journal of kidney diseases
20716240 New genetic variant that might improve warfarin dose prediction in African Americans. Schelleman H et al. 2010 British journal of clinical pharmacology
20733952 Warfarin genotyping using three different platforms. Lefferts JA et al. 2010 American journal of translational research
20833655 Genome-wide association study identifies genetic determinants of warfarin responsiveness for Japanese. Cha PC et al. 2010 Human molecular genetics
20833980 In pediatric patients, age has more impact on dosing of vitamin K antagonists than VKORC1 or CYP2C9 genotypes. Nowak-Göttl U et al. 2010 Blood
20842355 VKORC1-1639G>A, CYP2C9, EPHX1691A>G genotype, body weight, and age are important predictors for warfarin maintenance doses in patients with mechanical heart valve prostheses in southwest China. Gu Q et al. 2010 European journal of clinical pharmacology
20854800 Genotyping three SNPs affecting warfarin drug response by isothermal real-time HDA assays. Li Y et al. 2011 Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
20921971 Mapping genes that predict treatment outcome in admixed populations. Baye TM et al. 2010 The pharmacogenomics journal
21044367 An integrative method for scoring candidate genes from association studies: application to warfarin dosing. Tatonetti NP et al. 2010 BMC bioinformatics
21057703 Impact of pharmacokinetic (CYP2C9) and pharmacodynamic (VKORC1, F7, GGCX, CALU, EPHX1) gene variants on the initiation and maintenance phases of phenprocoumon therapy. Luxembourg B et al. 2011 Thrombosis and haemostasis
21110013 Prediction of phenprocoumon maintenance dose and phenprocoumon plasma concentration by genetic and non-genetic parameters. Geisen C et al. 2011 European journal of clinical pharmacology
21110192 Contribution of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms in the interethnic variability of warfarin dose in Malaysian populations. Gan GG et al. 2011 Annals of hematology
21148049 Influence of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms on warfarin and acenocoumarol in a sample of Lebanese people. Esmerian MO et al. 2011 Journal of clinical pharmacology
21174619 VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 genetic-based algorithm for warfarin dosing: an Italian retrospective study. Zambon CF et al. 2011 Pharmacogenomics
21176721 Contribution of 1173C > T polymorphism in the VKORC1 gene to warfarin dose requirements in Han Chinese patients receiving anticoagulation. Yang J et al. 2011 International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
21179214 VKORC1 pharmacogenetics and pharmacoproteomics in patients on warfarin anticoagulant therapy: transthyretin precursor as a potential biomarker. Saminathan R et al. 2010 PloS one
21179439 VKORC1 common variation and bone mineral density in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Crawford DC et al. 2010 PloS one
21185752 Pharmacogenomics of warfarin dose requirements in Hispanics. Cavallari LH et al. 2011 Blood cells, molecules & diseases
21228733 Genetic and nongenetic factors associated with warfarin dose requirements in Egyptian patients. Shahin MH et al. 2011 Pharmacogenetics and genomics
21270790 The missing association: sequencing-based discovery of novel SNPs in VKORC1 and CYP2C9 that affect warfarin dose in African Americans. Perera MA et al. 2011 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
21318593 The influence of genetic polymorphisms and interacting drugs on initial response to warfarin in Chinese patients with heart valve replacement. Zhong SL et al. 2011 European journal of clinical pharmacology
21320153 Influence of genetic, biological and pharmacological factors on warfarin dose in a Southern Brazilian population of European ancestry. Botton MR et al. 2011 British journal of clinical pharmacology
21562147 Identification of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase gene variants that are significantly associated with the interindividual variations in warfarin maintenance dose. Zhang X et al. 2011 Drug metabolism and disposition
21575037 Population diversity and the performance of warfarin dosing algorithms. Suarez-Kurtz G et al. 2011 British journal of clinical pharmacology
21637794 Identification, replication, and functional fine-mapping of expression quantitative trait loci in primary human liver tissue. Innocenti F et al. 2011 PLoS genetics
21639946 Genetic factors associated with patient-specific warfarin dose in ethnic Indonesians. Suriapranata IM et al. 2011 BMC medical genetics
21672908 Facilitating pharmacogenetic studies using electronic health records and natural-language processing: a case study of warfarin. Xu H et al. 2011 Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
21691466 Genetics of warfarin sensitivity in an emergency department population with thromboembolic. Johnson SW et al. 2011 The western journal of emergency medicine
21747589 The impact of VKORC1-1639 G>A polymorphism on the maintenance dose of oral anticoagulants for thromboembolic prophylaxis in North India: A pilot study. Rathore SS et al. 2011 Indian journal of human genetics
21900891 Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guidelines for CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes and warfarin dosing. Johnson JA et al. 2011 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
21918509 Pharmacogenomics: application to the management of cardiovascular disease. Johnson JA et al. 2011 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
21935354 Phased whole-genome genetic risk in a family quartet using a major allele reference sequence. Dewey FE et al. 2011 PLoS genetics
22010099 VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotype and patient characteristics explain a large proportion of the variability in warfarin dose requirement among children. Biss TT et al. 2012 Blood
22023024 The pharmacogenetics of the response to warfarin in Chinese. Lam MP et al. 2012 British journal of clinical pharmacology
22040439 Extremely low warfarin dose in patients with genotypes of CYP2C9*3/*3 and VKORC1-1639A/A. Gao L et al. 2011 Chinese medical journal
22114699 Clinical and genetic determinants of warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during treatment initiation. Gong IY et al. 2011 PloS one
22116191 The Creating an Optimal Warfarin Nomogram (CROWN) Study. Perlstein TS et al. 2012 Thrombosis and haemostasis
22122181 Role of pharmacogenomics in the management of traditional and novel oral anticoagulants. Cavallari LH et al. 2011 Pharmacotherapy
22130800 Vitamin K antagonists in children with heart disease: height and VKORC1 genotype are the main determinants of the warfarin dose requirement. Moreau C et al. 2012 Blood
22135769 Gene-drug interaction in stroke. Amici S et al. 2011 Stroke research and treatment
22158446 Association of the GGCX (CAA)16/17 repeat polymorphism with higher warfarin dose requirements in African Americans. Cavallari LH et al. 2012 Pharmacogenetics and genomics
22178823 [Distribution of variant alleles association with warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the Han population in China]. Liu Y et al. 2011 Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences
22186998 Pharmacogenetic warfarin dose refinements remain significantly influenced by genetic factors after one week of therapy. Horne BD et al. 2012 Thrombosis and haemostasis
22274142 Prediction of warfarin dose reductions in Puerto Rican patients, based on combinatorial CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes. Valentin II et al. 2012 The Annals of pharmacotherapy
22329724 Predicting warfarin dosage in European-Americans and African-Americans using DNA samples linked to an electronic health record. Ramirez AH et al. 2012 Pharmacogenomics
22349464 A new warfarin dosing algorithm including VKORC1 3730 G > A polymorphism: comparison with results obtained by other published algorithms. Cini M et al. 2012 European journal of clinical pharmacology
22486182 Influence of genetics and non-genetic factors on acenocoumarol maintenance dose requirement in Moroccan patients. Smires FZ et al. 2012 Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics
22528326 Impact of CYP2C9*3, VKORC1-1639, CYP4F2rs2108622 genetic polymorphism and clinical factors on warfarin maintenance dose in Han-Chinese patients. Liang R et al. 2012 Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis
22563365 Pharmacogenomic Research in South Africa: Lessons Learned and Future Opportunities in the Rainbow Nation. Warnich L et al. 2011 Current pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
22571356 Polymorphisms in VKORC1 have more impact than CYP2C9 polymorphisms on early warfarin International Normalized Ratio control and bleeding rates. Lund K et al. 2012 British journal of haematology
22592842 Oral anticoagulation and VKORC1 polymorphism in patients with a mechanical heart prosthesis: a 6-year follow-up. Giansante C et al. 2012 Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis
22629463 Therapeutic dosing of acenocoumarol: proposal of a population specific pharmacogenetic dosing algorithm and its validation in north Indians. Rathore SS et al. 2012 PloS one
22630332 Pharmacogene regulatory elements: from discovery to applications. Smith RP et al. 2012 Genome medicine
22676192 Retrospective evidence for clinical validity of expanded genetic model in warfarin dose optimization in a South Indian population. Pavani A et al. 2012 Pharmacogenomics
22676711 Pharmacogenomics of warfarin in populations of African descent. Suarez-Kurtz G et al. 2013 British journal of clinical pharmacology
22754184 Pharmacogenetic aspects of coumarinic oral anticoagulant therapies. Rathore SS et al. 2011 Indian journal of clinical biochemistry
22854539 Warfarin pharmacogenetics: development of a dosing algorithm for Omani patients. Pathare A et al. 2012 Journal of human genetics
22911785 An acenocoumarol dosing algorithm using clinical and pharmacogenetic data in Spanish patients with thromboembolic disease. Borobia AM et al. 2012 PloS one
22938532 Sequencing and analysis of a South Asian-Indian personal genome. Gupta R et al. 2012 BMC genomics
22952875 Influence of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 on patient response to warfarin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jorgensen AL et al. 2012 PloS one
22990331 CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms influence warfarin dose variability in patients on long-term anticoagulation. Santos PC et al. 2013 European journal of clinical pharmacology
22992668 Pharmacogenomics knowledge for personalized medicine. Whirl-Carrillo M et al. 2012 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
23016735 Personalized approach of medication by indirect anticoagulants tailored to the patient-Russian context: what are the prospects? Belozerceva LA et al. 2012 The EPMA journal
23061746 Impact of genetic factors (CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2) on warfarin dose requirement in the Turkish population. Özer M et al. 2013 Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
23104259 Influence of warfarin dose-associated genotypes on the risk of hemorrhagic complications in Chinese patients on warfarin. Ma C et al. 2012 International journal of hematology
23124848 Brief Report: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in VKORC1 are risk factors for systemic lupus erythematosus in Asians. Kaiser R et al. 2013 Arthritis and rheumatism
23133420 Pharmacogenomic Diversity among Brazilians: Influence of Ancestry, Self-Reported Color, and Geographical Origin. Suarez-Kurtz G et al. 2012 Frontiers in pharmacology
23159639 The impact of the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms on acenocoumarol dose requirements in a Romanian population. Buzoianu AD et al. 2013 Blood cells, molecules & diseases
23226061 The role of genetics in pre-eclampsia and potential pharmacogenomic interventions. Williams PJ et al. 2012 Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
23237631 Efficiency and effectiveness of the use of an acenocoumarol pharmacogenetic dosing algorithm versus usual care in patients with venous thromboembolic disease initiating oral anticoagulation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Carcas AJ et al. 2012 Trials
23279643 The VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes are associated with over-anticoagulation during initiation of warfarin therapy in children. Biss TT et al. 2013 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
23285254 Positive selection in the chromosome 16 VKORC1 genomic region has contributed to the variability of anticoagulant response in humans. Patillon B et al. 2012 PloS one
23299853 Randomised trial of a clinical dosing algorithm to start anticoagulation with phenprocoumon. Caduff Good A et al. 2013 Swiss medical weekly
23300409 Chapter 7: Pharmacogenomics. Karczewski KJ et al. 2012 PLoS computational biology
23423913 Mechanical heart valve recipients: anticoagulation in patients with genetic variations of phenprocoumon metabolism. Brehm K et al. 2013 European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery
23473641 Effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphisms on mean daily maintenance dose of acenocoumarol in South Indian patients. Krishna Kumar D et al. 2013 Thrombosis research
23481074 Cytochrome P450 (CYP2C9*2,*3) & vitamin-K epoxide reductase complex (VKORC1 -1639G<A) gene polymorphisms & their effect on acenocoumarol dose in patients with mechanical heart valve replacement. Kaur A et al. 2013 The Indian journal of medical research
23602689 Influence of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene polymorphisms on warfarin dosage, over anticoagulation and other adverse outcomes in Indian population. Gaikwad T et al. 2013 European journal of pharmacology
23651023 Impact of CYP2C9 polymorphisms on the vulnerability to pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions during acenocoumarol treatment. Gschwind L et al. 2013 Pharmacogenomics
23691226 Novel associations of VKORC1 variants with higher acenocoumarol requirements. Anton AI et al. 2013 PloS one
23732872 Association of VKORC1-1639G>A polymorphism with susceptibility to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine: a Korean study. Chin DK et al. 2013 Acta neurochirurgica
23774941 An acenocoumarol dose algorithm based on a South-Eastern European population. Pop TR et al. 2013 European journal of clinical pharmacology
23797323 Pharmacogenomics of anti-platelet and anti-coagulation therapy. Fisch AS et al. 2013 Current cardiology reports
23835662 Pharmacogenomics, ancestry and clinical decision making for global populations. Ramos E et al. 2014 The pharmacogenomics journal
23949431 Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase genetic polymorphisms A503V and rs2868177 do not significantly affect warfarin stable dosage in Han-Chinese patients with mechanical heart valve replacement. Tan SL et al. 2013 European journal of clinical pharmacology
23972066 Role of the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) -1639G>A gene polymorphism in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Weger M et al. 2013 Current eye research
23990957 Warfarin anticoagulant therapy: a Southern Italy pharmacogenetics-based dosing model. Mazzaccara C et al. 2013 PloS one
24018621 Ethnicity-specific pharmacogenetics: the case of warfarin in African Americans. Hernandez W et al. 2014 The pharmacogenomics journal
24019055 Effect of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2 and GGCX genetic variants on warfarin maintenance dose and explicating a new pharmacogenetic algorithm in South Indian population. Krishna Kumar D et al. 2014 European journal of clinical pharmacology
24029542 Warfarin pharmacogenetics: a controlled dose-response study in healthy subjects. Kadian-Dodov DL et al. 2013 Vascular medicine (London, England)
24108193 Impact of genetic and clinical factors on dose requirements and quality of anticoagulation therapy in Polish patients receiving acenocoumarol: dosing calculation algorithm. Wolkanin-Bartnik J et al. 2013 Pharmacogenetics and genomics
24224579 A new algorithm for weekly phenprocoumon dose variation in a southern Brazilian population: role for CYP2C9, CYP3A4/5 and VKORC1 genes polymorphisms. Botton MR et al. 2014 Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
24330000 Characterizing variability in warfarin dose requirements in children using modelling and simulation. Hamberg AK et al. 2014 British journal of clinical pharmacology
24474498 VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes are predictors of warfarin-related outcomes in children. Shaw K et al. 2014 Pediatric blood & cancer
24601977 The impact of age and CYP2C9 and VKORC1 variants on stable warfarin dose in the paediatric population. Vear SI et al. 2014 British journal of haematology
24787444 An ontology-based, mobile-optimized system for pharmacogenomic decision support at the point-of-care. Miñarro-Giménez JA et al. 2014 PloS one
24956252 Effect of VKORC1, CYP2C9 and CYP4F2 genetic variants in early outcomes during acenocoumarol treatment. Cerezo-Manchado JJ et al. 2014 Pharmacogenomics
24966969 High resolution melting method to detect single nucleotide polymorphism of VKORC1 and CYP2C9. Chen C et al. 2014 International journal of clinical and experimental pathology
25001883 Pharmacogenetics of warfarin in a paediatric population: time in therapeutic range, initial and stable dosing and adverse effects. Hawcutt DB et al. 2014 The pharmacogenomics journal
25042728 Genetic determinants of acenocoumarol and warfarin maintenance dose requirements in Slavic population: a potential role of CYP4F2 and GGCX polymorphisms. Wypasek E et al. 2014 Thrombosis research
25069408 Multiplex pyrosequencing method to determine CYP2C9*3, VKORC1*2, and CYP4F2*3 polymorphisms simultaneously: its application to a Korean population and comparisons with other ethnic groups. Kim KA et al. 2014 Molecular biology reports
25069476 Clinical and pharmacogenomic implications of genetic variation in a Southern Ethiopian population. Tekola-Ayele F et al. 2015 The pharmacogenomics journal
25084205 Methodological issues in the development of a pharmacogenomic algorithm for warfarin dosing: comparison of two regression approaches. Pavani A et al. 2014 Pharmacogenomics
25148255 Determinants of the over-anticoagulation response during warfarin initiation therapy in Asian patients based on population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analyses. Ohara M et al. 2014 PloS one
25244877 Pharmacogenetic association study of warfarin safety endpoints in Puerto Ricans. Valentín II et al. 2014 Puerto Rico health sciences journal
25312789 Polymorphisms of CYP2C9, VKORC1, MDR1, APOE and UGT1A1 genes and the therapeutic warfarin dose in Brazilian patients with thrombosis: a prospective cohort study. de Oliveira Almeida VC et al. 2014 Molecular diagnosis & therapy
25419701 Exploring the distribution of genetic markers of pharmacogenomics relevance in Brazilian and Mexican populations. Bonifaz-Peña V et al. 2014 PloS one
25519826 An acenocoumarol dosing algorithm exploiting clinical and genetic factors in South Indian (Dravidian) population. Krishna Kumar D et al. 2015 European journal of clinical pharmacology
25594941 Warfarin dosage response related pharmacogenetics in Chinese population. Li S et al. 2015 PloS one
25714468 A systematic approach to the reporting of medically relevant findings from whole genome sequencing. McLaughlin HM et al. 2014 BMC medical genetics
25769357 Genetics and the clinical response to warfarin and edoxaban: findings from the randomised, double-blind ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial. Mega JL et al. 2015 Lancet (London, England)
25897256 Personalized antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy: applications and significance of pharmacogenomics. Beitelshees AL et al. 2015 Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
26024874 Race influences warfarin dose changes associated with genetic factors. Limdi NA et al. 2015 Blood
26219158 The Influence of VKORC1 Polymorphisms on Warfarin Doses in Thai Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis. Sermsathanasawadi N et al. 2015 Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet
26238769 Impact of regular physical activity on weekly warfarin dose requirement. Rouleau-Mailloux É et al. 2016 Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis
26249541 Effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms in c-Myc on stable warfarin doses in patients with cardiac valve replacements. Lee KE et al. 2015 Pharmacogenomics
26433837 The influence of VKORC1 gene polymorphism on warfarin maintenance dosage in pediatric patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Zhang J et al. 2015 Thrombosis research
26444257 Genetic diversity of variants involved in drug response and metabolism in Sri Lankan populations: implications for clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics. Chan SL et al. 2016 Pharmacogenetics and genomics
26445138 VKORC1 gene polymorphisms and adverse events in Croatian patients on warfarin therapy. Mandic D et al. 2015 International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
26600534 VKORC1 rs2359612 and rs9923231 polymorphisms correlate with high risks of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Li Y et al. 2015 Genetics and molecular research
26739746 A multi-factorial analysis of response to warfarin in a UK prospective cohort. Bourgeois S et al. 2016 Genome medicine
26745506 A Novel Admixture-Based Pharmacogenetic Approach to Refine Warfarin Dosing in Caribbean Hispanics. Duconge J et al. 2016 PloS one
26847243 Novel regulatory variant detected on the VKORC1 haplotype that is associated with warfarin dose. Cavalli M et al. 2016 Pharmacogenomics
26858644 Cross-Comparison of Exome Analysis, Next-Generation Sequencing of Amplicons, and the iPLEX(®) ADME PGx Panel for Pharmacogenomic Profiling. Chua EW et al. 2016 Frontiers in pharmacology
26940072 Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in the VKORC1 and CYP2C9 Genes with Warfarin Dosage in a Group of Kuwaiti Individuals. Alrashid MH et al. 2016 Molecular diagnosis & therapy
26941429 Advancing Pharmacogenomics Education in the Core PharmD Curriculum through Student Personal Genomic Testing. Adams SM et al. 2016 American journal of pharmaceutical education
26977927 A New Pharmacogenetic Algorithm to Predict the Most Appropriate Dosage of Acenocoumarol for Stable Anticoagulation in a Mixed Spanish Population. Tong HY et al. 2016 PloS one
27090252 A whole genome analyses of genetic variants in two Kelantan Malay individuals. Wan Juhari WK et al. 2014 The HUGO journal
27262824 Effect of VKORC1, CYP2C9, CFP4F2, and GGCX Gene Polymorphisms on Warfarin Dose in Japanese Pediatric Patients. Wakamiya T et al. 2016 Molecular diagnosis & therapy
27453700 Prediction of Warfarin Dose in Pediatric Patients: An Evaluation of the Predictive Performance of Several Models. Marek E et al. 2016 The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics
27617219 Impact of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2 genetic polymorphisms on maintenance warfarin dosage in Han-Chinese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Zhang J et al. 2016 Meta gene
27703968 G-1639A but Not C1173T VKORC1 Gene Polymorphism Is Related to Ischemic Stroke and Its Various Risk Factors in Ukrainian Population. Dubovyk YI et al. 2016 BioMed research international
28029011 Clinical Pharmacogenetic Testing and Application: Laboratory Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines. Kim S et al. 2017 Annals of laboratory medicine
28049362 Warfarin Dose Model for the Prediction of Stable Maintenance Dose in Indian Patients. Gaikwad T et al. 2018 Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis
28079798 Clinical and genetic factors associated with warfarin maintenance dose in northern Chinese patients with mechanical heart valve replacement. Liu R et al. 2017 Medicine
28135054 Integrated analysis of genetic variation and gene expression reveals novel variant for increased warfarin dose requirement in African Americans. Hernandez W et al. 2017 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
28222321 The VKORC1 polymorphism rs9923231 is associated with aneurysms of the ascending aorta in an Austrian population. Andreas M et al. 2017 Thrombosis research
28281786 Susceptiveness of Vitamin K epOxide Reductase Complex Subunit 1 Gene Polymorphism in Essential Hypertension. Turgut Cosan D et al. 2017 Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers
28384046 Cross-Validation of High-Resolution Melting Analysis-Based Genotyping Platform. Langaee T et al. 2017 Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers
28401802 The Impact of Gene Polymorphisms on Anticoagulation Control With Warfarin. Jiang HH et al. 2018 Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis
28620303 Effect of Genetic Variability in the CYP4F2, CYP4F11, and CYP4F12 Genes on Liver mRNA Levels and Warfarin Response. Zhang JE et al. 2017 Frontiers in pharmacology
28817838 Pharmacogenetic determinants of outcomes on triplet hepatic artery infusion and intravenous cetuximab for liver metastases from colorectal cancer (European trial OPTILIV, NCT00852228). Lévi F et al. 2017 British journal of cancer
28867752 Genotyping of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms predicts south Indian patients with deep vein thrombosis as fast metabolizers of warfarin/acenocoumarin. Arunkumar G et al. 2017 Drug discoveries & therapeutics
29190926 Polymorphism of the ABO gene associate with thrombosis risk in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Long Z et al. 2017 Oncotarget
29201112 Association of Warfarin Therapy with APOE and VKORC1 Genes Polymorphism in Iranian Population. Rafiee S et al. 2017 Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research
29218998 VKORC1-1639A allele influences warfarin maintenance dosage among Blacks receiving warfarin anticoagulation: a retrospective cohort study. Mili FD et al. 2018 Future cardiology
29234073 Identification of two novel genes SLC15A2 and SLCO1B3 associated with maintenance dose variability of warfarin in a Chinese population. Cai LL et al. 2017 Scientific reports
29469681 Lack of Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and the 3673G / A and 9041G / A Gene Variants of Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Complex Subunit 1 (VKORC1). Ozbayer C et al. 2016 International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition
29713005 Genetic structure of pharmacogenetic biomarkers in Brazil inferred from a systematic review and population-based cohorts: a RIBEF/EPIGEN-Brazil initiative. Rodrigues-Soares F et al. 2018 The pharmacogenomics journal
29776219 A simulation of warfarin maintenance dose requirement using a pharmacogenetic algorithm in an ethnically diverse cohort. Gladding P et al. 2010 Personalized medicine
29776386 Impact of VKORC1, CYP4F2 and NQO1 gene variants on warfarin dose requirement in Han Chinese patients with catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Li J et al. 2018 BMC cardiovascular disorders
30099920 Genetic Polymorphism of VKORC1-1639 in Children With Intracranial Hemorrhage Due to Vitamin K Deficiency. Berber U et al. 2018 Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis
30452466 Characterization of ADME genes variation in Roma and 20 populations worldwide. Škarić-Jurić T et al. 2018 PloS one
30486437 Impact of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 Polymorphisms on Warfarin Sensitivity and Responsiveness in Jordanian Cardiovascular Patients during the Initiation Therapy. Al-Eitan LN et al. 2018 Genes
30595241 Value of VKORC1 (-1639G>A) rs9923231 genotyping in predicting warfarin dose: A replication study in South Indian population. Harikrishnan S et al. 2018 Indian heart journal
30712247 Interpretation of the effect of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2 variants on warfarin dosing adjustment in Turkey. Kocael A et al. 2019 Molecular biology reports
30758238 Development and Cross-Validation of High-Resolution Melting Analysis-Based Cardiovascular Pharmacogenetics Genotyping Panel. Langaee T et al. 2019 Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers
30866412 VKORC1 and CYP2C9 Polymorphisms: A Case Report in a Dutch Family with Pulmonary Fibrosis. Wijnen P et al. 2019 International journal of molecular sciences
30933373 Warfarin dose requirement in patients having severe thrombosis or thrombophilia. Helin TA et al. 2019 British journal of clinical pharmacology
31019283 Secondary actionable findings identified by exome sequencing: expected impact on the organisation of care from the study of 700 consecutive tests. Thauvin-Robinet C et al. 2019 European journal of human genetics
31105858 Impact of gene polymorphism on the initiation and maintenance phases of warfarin therapy in Chinese patients undergoing heart valve replacement. Liu J et al. 2019 American journal of translational research
31114289 VKORC1 variants as significant predictors of warfarin dose in Emiratis. Al-Mahayri ZN et al. 2019 Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
31228854 Label-free discrimination of single nucleotide changes in DNA by reflectometric interference Fourier transform spectroscopy. Makiyan F et al. 2019 Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
31395958 Algorithm for predicting low maintenance doses of warfarin using age and polymorphisms in genes CYP2C9 and VKORC1 in Brazilian subjects. de Oliveira Magalhães Mourão A et al. 2020 The pharmacogenomics journal
31720756 Non-genetic factors and polymorphisms in genes CYP2C9 and VKORC1: predictive algorithms for TTR in Brazilian patients on warfarin. Praxedes MFS et al. 2020 European journal of clinical pharmacology
31854268 Impact of CYP2C9, VKORC1, ApoE and ABCB1 polymorphisms on stable warfarin dose requirements in elderly Chinese patients. Li W et al. 2020 Pharmacogenomics
31869433 Genetic Factors Influencing Warfarin Dose in Black-African Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asiimwe IG et al. 2020 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
31973625 Prioritizing rs7294 as a mirSNP contributing to warfarin dosing variability. Koshy L et al. 2020 Pharmacogenomics
32228310 Functionally Significant Coumarin-Related Variant Alleles and Time to Therapeutic Range in Chilean Cardiovascular Patients. Rojo M et al. 2020 Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis
32326111 Role of Genetic Variations in the Hepatic Handling of Drugs. Marin JJG et al. 2020 International journal of molecular sciences
32327994 A Pharmacogenetically Guided Acenocoumarol Dosing Algorithm for Chilean Patients: A Discovery Cohort Study. Roco A et al. 2020 Frontiers in pharmacology
32380173 Recommendations for Clinical Warfarin Genotyping Allele Selection: A Report of the Association for Molecular Pathology and the College of American Pathologists. Pratt VM et al. 2020 The Journal of molecular diagnostics
32559398 Effects of EPHX1 rs2260863 polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose in very elderly, frail Han-Chinese population. Lin X et al. 2020 Pharmacogenomics
32669629 The effect of the VKORC1 promoter variant on warfarin responsiveness in the Saudi WArfarin Pharmacogenetic (SWAP) cohort. Al Ammari M et al. 2020 Scientific reports
33061049 Genetic polymorphisms and dosing of vitamin K antagonist in Indian patients after heart valve surgery. Choudhary SK et al. 2019 Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
33234259 Genetic Variation in VKORC1 and Risk for Osteoporosis. He J et al. 2021 Archives of medical research
33262486 Abstracts from the 53rd European Society of Human Genetics (ESHG) Conference: e-Posters. 2020 European journal of human genetics
33278335 Implications of Polymorphisms in the BCKDK and GATA-4 Gene Regions on Stable Warfarin Dose in African Americans. Bargal SA et al. 2021 Clinical and translational science
33430289 Combination of Genome-Wide Polymorphisms and Copy Number Variations of Pharmacogenes in Koreans. Han N et al. 2021 Journal of personalized medicine
33519226 Genetic Diversity of Drug-Related Genes in Native Americans of the Brazilian Amazon. Fernandes MR et al. 2021 Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
33682710 Variation in VKORC1 Is Associated with Vascular Dementia. Mur J et al. 2021 Journal of Alzheimer's disease
33763108 Whole Genome Interpretation for a Family of Five. Corpas M et al. 2021 Frontiers in genetics
33811620 Influence of CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2 polymorphisms on the pharmacodynamic parameters of warfarin: a cross-sectional study. Sridharan K et al. 2021 Pharmacological reports
34250965 Performance Evaluation of Warfarin Dose Prediction Algorithms and Effects of Clinical Factors on Warfarin Dose in Chinese Patients. Gao W et al. 2021 Therapeutic drug monitoring
34357562 Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics: An Update on Clinical Studies of Antithrombotic Drugs in Brazilian Patients. Hirata TDC et al. 2021 Molecular diagnosis & therapy
34382722 Profiling of warfarin pharmacokinetics-associated genetic variants: Black Africans portray unique genetic markers important for an African specific warfarin pharmacogenetics-dosing algorithm. Ndadza A et al. 2021 Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
34559488 Retrospective pharmacogenetic analysis of a pediatric patient under anticoagulant treatment: Clinical case. Cavieres M et al. 2021 Biomedica
34606635 Effect of NPC1L1 polymorphism on warfarin stable dose in Chinese patients under heart valve replacement surgery. Ma S et al. 2022 Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
34621706 Comprehensive analysis of important pharmacogenes in Koreans using the DMET™ platform. Kim B et al. 2021 Translational and clinical pharmacology
34958284 Warfarin Pharmacogenomics for Precision Medicine in Real-Life Clinical Practice in Southern Africa: Harnessing 73 Variants in 29 Pharmacogenes. Muyambo S et al. 2022 Omics
35091749 Pharmacogenetics of Between-Individual Variability in Plasma Clearance of Bedaquiline and Clofazimine in South Africa. Haas DW et al. 2022 The Journal of infectious diseases
35608144 Pharmacogenetic variants influence vitamin K anticoagulant dosing in patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves. Koshy L et al. 2022 Pharmacogenomics
35629166 Association of Genetic Polymorphisms with Complications of Implanted LVAD Devices in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: A Kazakhstani Study. Zhalbinova MR et al. 2022 Journal of personalized medicine
35743738 Pharmacogenomic Profile of Amazonian Amerindians. Rodrigues JCG et al. 2022 Journal of personalized medicine
35757332 Determination of Pleiotropic Effect of Warfarin in VKORC1 and CYP2C9 Genotypes in Patients With Heart Valve Replacement. Shafique H et al. 2022 Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
35866816 Impact of VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP1A2, UGT1A1, and GGCX polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose: Exploring a new algorithm in South Chinese patients accept mechanical heart valve replacement. Li J et al. 2022 Medicine
36164570 Prevalence of exposure to pharmacogenetic drugs by the Saudis treated at the health care centers of the Ministry of National Guard. Alshabeeb MA et al. 2022 Saudi pharmaceutical journal
36210801 A genome-wide association study of plasma concentrations of warfarin enantiomers and metabolites in sub-Saharan black-African patients. Asiimwe IG et al. 2022 Frontiers in pharmacology
36335097 Analysis of clinically relevant variants from ancestrally diverse Asian genomes. Chan SH et al. 2022 Nature communications
Help

The Flanks tab provides retrieving flanking sequences of a SNP on all molecules that have placements.

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Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
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NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.

Software version is: 2.0.1.post825+45319f0