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Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified

MedGen UID:
1773485
•Concept ID:
C5421350
•
Neoplastic Process

Definition

Acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise specified that does not respond to treatment. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVRefractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Garcia-Manero G
Am J Hematol 2023 Aug;98(8):1307-1325. Epub 2023 Jun 8 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26984. PMID: 37288607
Treatment of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Thol F, Ganser A
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2020 Jun 29;21(8):66. doi: 10.1007/s11864-020-00765-5. PMID: 32601974Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and management of Aspergillus diseases: executive summary of the 2017 ESCMID-ECMM-ERS guideline.
Ullmann AJ, Aguado JM, Arikan-Akdagli S, Denning DW, Groll AH, Lagrou K, Lass-Flörl C, Lewis RE, Munoz P, Verweij PE, Warris A, Ader F, Akova M, Arendrup MC, Barnes RA, Beigelman-Aubry C, Blot S, Bouza E, Brüggemann RJM, Buchheidt D, Cadranel J, Castagnola E, Chakrabarti A, Cuenca-Estrella M, Dimopoulos G, Fortun J, Gangneux JP, Garbino J, Heinz WJ, Herbrecht R, Heussel CP, Kibbler CC, Klimko N, Kullberg BJ, Lange C, Lehrnbecher T, Löffler J, Lortholary O, Maertens J, Marchetti O, Meis JF, Pagano L, Ribaud P, Richardson M, Roilides E, Ruhnke M, Sanguinetti M, Sheppard DC, Sinkó J, Skiada A, Vehreschild MJGT, Viscoli C, Cornely OA
Clin Microbiol Infect 2018 May;24 Suppl 1:e1-e38. Epub 2018 Mar 12 doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.01.002. PMID: 29544767

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Garcia-Manero G
Am J Hematol 2023 Aug;98(8):1307-1325. Epub 2023 Jun 8 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26984. PMID: 37288607
A review of treatment options employed in relapsed/refractory AML.
Mohamed Jiffry MZ, Kloss R, Ahmed-Khan M, Carmona-Pires F, Okam N, Weeraddana P, Dharmaratna D, Dandwani M, Moin K
Hematology 2023 Dec;28(1):2196482. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2196482. PMID: 37036019
Management of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Review for General Practitioners in Oncology.
Stubbins RJ, Francis A, Kuchenbauer F, Sanford D
Curr Oncol 2022 Aug 30;29(9):6245-6259. doi: 10.3390/curroncol29090491. PMID: 36135060Free PMC Article
Emerging Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Tabata R, Chi S, Yuda J, Minami Y
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Feb 16;22(4) doi: 10.3390/ijms22041944. PMID: 33669431Free PMC Article
How I treat myelodysplastic syndromes of childhood.
Locatelli F, Strahm B
Blood 2018 Mar 29;131(13):1406-1414. Epub 2018 Feb 8 doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-765214. PMID: 29438960

Diagnosis

Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Garcia-Manero G
Am J Hematol 2023 Aug;98(8):1307-1325. Epub 2023 Jun 8 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26984. PMID: 37288607
A review of treatment options employed in relapsed/refractory AML.
Mohamed Jiffry MZ, Kloss R, Ahmed-Khan M, Carmona-Pires F, Okam N, Weeraddana P, Dharmaratna D, Dandwani M, Moin K
Hematology 2023 Dec;28(1):2196482. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2196482. PMID: 37036019
Menin Inhibitors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia-What Does the Future Hold?
Swaminathan M, Bourgeois W, Armstrong SA, Wang ES
Cancer J 2022 Jan-Feb 01;28(1):62-66. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000571. PMID: 35072375
A review of FLT3 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia.
Zhao JC, Agarwal S, Ahmad H, Amin K, Bewersdorf JP, Zeidan AM
Blood Rev 2022 Mar;52:100905. Epub 2021 Nov 3 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2021.100905. PMID: 34774343Free PMC Article
Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges.
Shallis RM, Wang R, Davidoff A, Ma X, Zeidan AM
Blood Rev 2019 Jul;36:70-87. Epub 2019 Apr 29 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.005. PMID: 31101526

Therapy

How I treat refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.
Thol F, Döhner H, Ganser A
Blood 2024 Jan 4;143(1):11-20. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023022481. PMID: 37944143
Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Garcia-Manero G
Am J Hematol 2023 Aug;98(8):1307-1325. Epub 2023 Jun 8 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26984. PMID: 37288607
A review of treatment options employed in relapsed/refractory AML.
Mohamed Jiffry MZ, Kloss R, Ahmed-Khan M, Carmona-Pires F, Okam N, Weeraddana P, Dharmaratna D, Dandwani M, Moin K
Hematology 2023 Dec;28(1):2196482. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2196482. PMID: 37036019
Leukemic stem cells and therapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.
Stelmach P, Trumpp A
Haematologica 2023 Feb 1;108(2):353-366. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280800. PMID: 36722405Free PMC Article
Treatment of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Thol F, Ganser A
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2020 Jun 29;21(8):66. doi: 10.1007/s11864-020-00765-5. PMID: 32601974Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Venetoclax Combined With FLAG-IDA Induction and Consolidation in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
DiNardo CD, Lachowiez CA, Takahashi K, Loghavi S, Xiao L, Kadia T, Daver N, Adeoti M, Short NJ, Sasaki K, Wang S, Borthakur G, Issa G, Maiti A, Alvarado Y, Pemmaraju N, Montalban Bravo G, Masarova L, Yilmaz M, Jain N, Andreeff M, Jabbour E, Garcia-Manero G, Kornblau S, Ravandi F, Konopleva MY, Kantarjian HM
J Clin Oncol 2021 Sep 1;39(25):2768-2778. Epub 2021 May 27 doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.03736. PMID: 34043428Free PMC Article
Emerging Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Tabata R, Chi S, Yuda J, Minami Y
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Feb 16;22(4) doi: 10.3390/ijms22041944. PMID: 33669431Free PMC Article
Treatment of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Thol F, Ganser A
Curr Treat Options Oncol 2020 Jun 29;21(8):66. doi: 10.1007/s11864-020-00765-5. PMID: 32601974Free PMC Article
Gilteritinib or Chemotherapy for Relapsed or Refractory FLT3-Mutated AML.
Perl AE, Martinelli G, Cortes JE, Neubauer A, Berman E, Paolini S, Montesinos P, Baer MR, Larson RA, Ustun C, Fabbiano F, Erba HP, Di Stasi A, Stuart R, Olin R, Kasner M, Ciceri F, Chou WC, Podoltsev N, Recher C, Yokoyama H, Hosono N, Yoon SS, Lee JH, Pardee T, Fathi AT, Liu C, Hasabou N, Liu X, Bahceci E, Levis MJ
N Engl J Med 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1728-1740. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1902688. PMID: 31665578
Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges.
Shallis RM, Wang R, Davidoff A, Ma X, Zeidan AM
Blood Rev 2019 Jul;36:70-87. Epub 2019 Apr 29 doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.04.005. PMID: 31101526

Clinical prediction guides

SLC25A51 decouples the mitochondrial NAD(+)/NADH ratio to control proliferation of AML cells.
Lu MJ, Busquets J, Impedovo V, Wilson CN, Chan HR, Chang YT, Matsui W, Tiziani S, Cambronne XA
Cell Metab 2024 Apr 2;36(4):808-821.e6. Epub 2024 Feb 14 doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.013. PMID: 38354740Free PMC Article
Myelodysplastic syndromes: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Garcia-Manero G
Am J Hematol 2023 Aug;98(8):1307-1325. Epub 2023 Jun 8 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26984. PMID: 37288607
The leukaemia stem cell: similarities, differences and clinical prospects in CML and AML.
Vetrie D, Helgason GV, Copland M
Nat Rev Cancer 2020 Mar;20(3):158-173. Epub 2020 Jan 6 doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0230-9. PMID: 31907378
Durable Remissions with Ivosidenib in IDH1-Mutated Relapsed or Refractory AML.
DiNardo CD, Stein EM, de Botton S, Roboz GJ, Altman JK, Mims AS, Swords R, Collins RH, Mannis GN, Pollyea DA, Donnellan W, Fathi AT, Pigneux A, Erba HP, Prince GT, Stein AS, Uy GL, Foran JM, Traer E, Stuart RK, Arellano ML, Slack JL, Sekeres MA, Willekens C, Choe S, Wang H, Zhang V, Yen KE, Kapsalis SM, Yang H, Dai D, Fan B, Goldwasser M, Liu H, Agresta S, Wu B, Attar EC, Tallman MS, Stone RM, Kantarjian HM
N Engl J Med 2018 Jun 21;378(25):2386-2398. Epub 2018 Jun 2 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1716984. PMID: 29860938
How I treat myelodysplastic syndromes of childhood.
Locatelli F, Strahm B
Blood 2018 Mar 29;131(13):1406-1414. Epub 2018 Feb 8 doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-765214. PMID: 29438960

Recent systematic reviews

A systematic review of second-generation FLT3 inhibitors for treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia.
Mohebbi A, Shahriyary F, Farrokhi V, Bandar B, Saki N
Leuk Res 2024 Jun;141:107505. Epub 2024 Apr 17 doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2024.107505. PMID: 38692232
Patient-Level Meta-analysis of Clofarabine in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Jeha S, Goto H, Baruchel A, Boëlle-Le Corfec E, Geffriaud-Ricouard C, Pieters R, Shin HY
Adv Ther 2023 Dec;40(12):5447-5463. Epub 2023 Oct 11 doi: 10.1007/s12325-023-02696-7. PMID: 37819554Free PMC Article
The efficacy and safety of venetoclax and azacytidine combination treatment in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Du Y, Li C, Yan J
Hematology 2023 Dec;28(1):2198098. doi: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2198098. PMID: 37036307
Antifungal prophylaxis in adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia treated with novel targeted therapies: a systematic review and expert consensus recommendation from the European Hematology Association.
Stemler J, de Jonge N, Skoetz N, Sinkó J, Brüggemann RJ, Busca A, Ben-Ami R, Ráčil Z, Piechotta V, Lewis R, Cornely OA
Lancet Haematol 2022 May;9(5):e361-e373. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(22)00073-4. PMID: 35483397
Efficacy of non-intensive therapies approved for relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic literature review.
Russell-Smith TA, Gurskyte L, Muresan B, Mamolo CM, Gezin A, Cappelleri JC, Heeg B
Future Oncol 2022 May;18(16):2029-2039. Epub 2022 Feb 24 doi: 10.2217/fon-2021-1355. PMID: 35196866

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