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2:1 atrioventricular block

MedGen UID:
1716161
Concept ID:
C5240044
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: 2:1 AV block
 
HPO: HP:0034305

Definition

A type of second-degree atrioventricular block in which every other P wave is not conducted through the AV node such that only every other P wave is followed by a QRS complex. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGV2:1 atrioventricular block

Conditions with this feature

Long QT syndrome 14
MedGen UID:
864108
Concept ID:
C4015671
Disease or Syndrome
LQT14 is a cardiac arrhythmia disorder characterized by ventricular arrhythmias, often life-threatening, occurring very early in life, frequent episodes of T-wave alternans, markedly prolonged QTc intervals, and intermittent 2:1 atrioventricular block (Crotti et al., 2013). Patients with LQT14, LQT15 (616249), or LQT16 (618782), resulting from mutation in calmodulin genes CALM1, CALM2 (114182), or CALM3 (114183), respectively, typically have a more severe phenotype, with earlier onset, profound QT prolongation, and a high predilection for cardiac arrest and sudden death, than patients with mutations in other genes (Boczek et al., 2016).
Long QT syndrome 15
MedGen UID:
864132
Concept ID:
C4015695
Disease or Syndrome
LQT15 is a cardiac arrhythmia disorder characterized by ventricular arrhythmias, often life-threatening, occurring very early in life, frequent episodes of T-wave alternans, markedly prolonged QTc intervals, and intermittent 2:1 atrioventricular block (Crotti et al., 2013). Patients with LQT14 (616247), LQT15, or LQT16 (618782), resulting from mutation in calmodulin genes CALM1 (114180), CALM2, or CALM3 (114183), respectively, typically have a more severe phenotype, with earlier onset, profound QT prolongation, and a high predilection for cardiac arrest and sudden death, than patients with mutations in other genes (Boczek et al., 2016).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Moore JP, Gallotti RG, Shannon KM, Bos JM, Sadeghi E, Strasburger JF, Wakai RT, Horigome H, Clur SA, Hill AC, Shah MJ, Behere S, Sarquella-Brugada G, Czosek R, Etheridge SP, Fischbach P, Kannankeril PJ, Motonaga K, Landstrom AP, Williams M, Patel A, Dagradi F, Tan RB, Stephenson E, Krishna MR, Miyake CY, Lee ME, Sanatani S, Balaji S, Young ML, Siddiqui S, Schwartz PJ, Shivkumar K, Ackerman MJ
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2020 Nov;6(12):1561-1570. Epub 2020 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2020.06.001. PMID: 33213816Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Chivers S, Ovadia C, Regan W, Zidere V, Vigneswaran T, Sharland G, Rosenthal E, Seed PT, Simpson JM, Williamson C
Heart Rhythm 2023 Apr;20(4):596-606. Epub 2022 Dec 22 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.12.026. PMID: 36566891
Aziz PF, Tanel RE, Zelster IJ, Pass RH, Wieand TS, Vetter VL, Vogel RL, Shah MJ
Heart Rhythm 2010 Jun;7(6):781-5. Epub 2010 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.02.035. PMID: 20197117
Divekar A, Soni R
Pediatrics 2006 Aug;118(2):e526-9. Epub 2006 Jun 30 doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-0129. PMID: 16816007
Chen HS, Gibson D, Wada A, Feld GK
Heart Rhythm 2005 Nov;2(11):1256-60. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.08.005. PMID: 16253918
Man KC, Brinkman K, Bogun F, Knight B, Bahu M, Weiss R, Goyal R, Harvey M, Daoud EG, Strickberger SA, Morady F
J Am Coll Cardiol 1996 Dec;28(7):1770-4. doi: 10.1016/S0735-1097(96)00415-9. PMID: 8962565

Diagnosis

Tooley JE, Marcus GM, Scheinman M
Heart Rhythm 2023 Sep;20(9):1337-1338. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.11.014. PMID: 37648362
Wansa N, Vercauteren S, De Roy L
Acta Cardiol 2023 Aug;78(6):728-732. Epub 2023 May 4 doi: 10.1080/00015385.2023.2206293. PMID: 37139897
Kelleher ST, Prendiville T, Carroll A
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2023 Sep;108(5):545. Epub 2022 Feb 16 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-323281. PMID: 35172986
Higuchi S, Bogossian H, Scheinman MM
Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2020 Sep;31(3):311-314. Epub 2020 Jul 17 doi: 10.1007/s00399-020-00702-x. PMID: 32681194
Nakashima T, Suzuki K, Ido T, Yamaura M, Takahashi S, Aoyama T
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2019 Jul;24(4):e12642. Epub 2019 Mar 19 doi: 10.1111/anec.12642. PMID: 30888696Free PMC Article

Therapy

Najjar SN, Bruno MA, Lam WW
Tex Heart Inst J 2024 Apr 2;51(1) doi: 10.14503/THIJ-23-8268. PMID: 38564374Free PMC Article
Celik IE, Akyel A, Colgecen M, Ozeke O
Am J Emerg Med 2015 Oct;33(10):1541.e3-4. Epub 2015 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.07.055. PMID: 26306438
Aziz PF, Tanel RE, Zelster IJ, Pass RH, Wieand TS, Vetter VL, Vogel RL, Shah MJ
Heart Rhythm 2010 Jun;7(6):781-5. Epub 2010 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.02.035. PMID: 20197117
Cosío FG, Herrada CG, Monereo A, Pastor A, Núñez A
Europace 2006 Dec;8(12):1068-9. Epub 2006 Nov 10 doi: 10.1093/europace/eul114. PMID: 17098783
Divekar A, Soni R
Pediatrics 2006 Aug;118(2):e526-9. Epub 2006 Jun 30 doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-0129. PMID: 16816007

Prognosis

Chivers S, Ovadia C, Regan W, Zidere V, Vigneswaran T, Sharland G, Rosenthal E, Seed PT, Simpson JM, Williamson C
Heart Rhythm 2023 Apr;20(4):596-606. Epub 2022 Dec 22 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.12.026. PMID: 36566891
Kaneko Y, Nakajima T, Tamura S, Kurabayashi M
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Sep;30(9):1696-1698. Epub 2019 Jul 16 doi: 10.1111/jce.14054. PMID: 31257626
Alonso-Martin C, Rodríguez-Font E, Guerra JM, Viñolas X
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2014 Jul;25(7):799-802. Epub 2014 Feb 11 doi: 10.1111/jce.12371. PMID: 24446861
Chen HS, Gibson D, Wada A, Feld GK
Heart Rhythm 2005 Nov;2(11):1256-60. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.08.005. PMID: 16253918
Trippel DL, Parsons MK, Gillette PC
Am Heart J 1995 Nov;130(5):1130-4. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(95)90222-8. PMID: 7484750

Clinical prediction guides

Chivers S, Ovadia C, Regan W, Zidere V, Vigneswaran T, Sharland G, Rosenthal E, Seed PT, Simpson JM, Williamson C
Heart Rhythm 2023 Apr;20(4):596-606. Epub 2022 Dec 22 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.12.026. PMID: 36566891
Kaneko Y, Nakajima T, Tamura S, Kurabayashi M
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019 Sep;30(9):1696-1698. Epub 2019 Jul 16 doi: 10.1111/jce.14054. PMID: 31257626
Alonso-Martin C, Rodríguez-Font E, Guerra JM, Viñolas X
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2014 Jul;25(7):799-802. Epub 2014 Feb 11 doi: 10.1111/jce.12371. PMID: 24446861
Aziz PF, Tanel RE, Zelster IJ, Pass RH, Wieand TS, Vetter VL, Vogel RL, Shah MJ
Heart Rhythm 2010 Jun;7(6):781-5. Epub 2010 Mar 1 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.02.035. PMID: 20197117
Man KC, Brinkman K, Bogun F, Knight B, Bahu M, Weiss R, Goyal R, Harvey M, Daoud EG, Strickberger SA, Morady F
J Am Coll Cardiol 1996 Dec;28(7):1770-4. doi: 10.1016/S0735-1097(96)00415-9. PMID: 8962565

Recent systematic reviews

Chivers S, Ovadia C, Regan W, Zidere V, Vigneswaran T, Sharland G, Rosenthal E, Seed PT, Simpson JM, Williamson C
Heart Rhythm 2023 Apr;20(4):596-606. Epub 2022 Dec 22 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.12.026. PMID: 36566891

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