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Review
. 2024 Sep 5;86(10):6012-6020.
doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002542. eCollection 2024 Oct.

Exploring the need for surgical face masks in operating room: a comprehensive literature review

Mortada Abbass  1   2 , Jana Kotaich  1   3 , Karl Ziade  1   4 , Yara Sleiman  1   5 , Hanine Olleik  1   6 , Inaam Nasrallah  7   8 , M Baker Obeid  3 , Mohamad Moussa  3
Affiliations
Review

Exploring the need for surgical face masks in operating room: a comprehensive literature review

Mortada Abbass et al. Ann Med Surg (Lond). .

Abstract

Surgical face masks (SFM) are pivotal in preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in the operating room (OR). However, there are currently no specific recommendations for their most effective use. SFM effectiveness is influenced by factors such as material, fit, and duration of use, sparking ongoing debates about their benefits and risks in surgery. SFMs act as a protective barrier, but their ability to filter out harmful compounds is questioned. They can also impact communication and create a false sense of security. Nevertheless, SFMs aid in infection prevention and provide psychological comfort. Clear guidelines are needed to ensure their appropriate use in the OR. This paper offers a historical overview of surgical masks, emphasizing their role in infection prevention. It explores SFM effectiveness for both the surgical team and patients during surgery and considers their future in surgical settings. As we navigate the evolving landscape of SFMs, clear and concise guidelines are imperative to ensure their judicious and effective use in the OR. This paper serves as an essential resource for understanding the historical significance, contemporary efficacy, and prospective trajectory of SFMs in surgical practice.

Keywords: medical mouth–nose protection; operating room; personal protective equipment; surgical face masks; surgical site infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest for this work, or with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Surgical mask product description example.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Surgical mask (MNP).
Figure 3
Figure 3
FFP (filtering face piece) mask with valve.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Face shield.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Factors affecting surgical mask efficacy,,,.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Percentage of distribution of various types of masks used by people.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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