A Biosurfactant from Candida bombicola: Its Synthesis, Characterization, and its Application as a Food Emulsions

doi:10.3390/foods11040561

. 2022 Feb 16;11(4):561.

doi: 10.3390/foods11040561.

A Biosurfactant from Candida bombicola: Its Synthesis, Characterization, and its Application as a Food Emulsions

Maria Isabel Silveira Pinto¹, Jenyffer Medeiros Campos Guerra², Hugo Morais Meira^{1

3}, Leonie Asfora Sarubbo^{1

3}, Juliana Moura de Luna^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Escola Icam Tech, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil.
² Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, s/n, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
³ Instituto Avançado de Tecnologia e Inovação (IATI), Rua Potyra, n. 31, Prado, Recife 50751-310, Brazil.
⁴ Escola de Saúde e Ciências da Vida, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil.

PMID: 35206039
PMCID: PMC8871145
DOI: 10.3390/foods11040561

A Biosurfactant from Candida bombicola: Its Synthesis, Characterization, and its Application as a Food Emulsions

Maria Isabel Silveira Pinto et al. Foods. 2022.

. 2022 Feb 16;11(4):561.

doi: 10.3390/foods11040561.

Authors

Maria Isabel Silveira Pinto¹, Jenyffer Medeiros Campos Guerra², Hugo Morais Meira^{1

3}, Leonie Asfora Sarubbo^{1

3}, Juliana Moura de Luna^{3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Escola Icam Tech, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil.
² Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, s/n, Recife 50670-901, Brazil.
³ Instituto Avançado de Tecnologia e Inovação (IATI), Rua Potyra, n. 31, Prado, Recife 50751-310, Brazil.
⁴ Escola de Saúde e Ciências da Vida, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Rua do Príncipe, n. 526, Boa Vista, Recife 50050-900, Brazil.

PMID: 35206039
PMCID: PMC8871145
DOI: 10.3390/foods11040561

Abstract

The present study aimed to produce a biosurfactant from Candida yeast cultivated in a low-cost medium made of sugar-cane molasses (5%), frying oil waste (5%), and corn steep liquor (5%). Initially, the production at the flask-scale was investigated and then scaled up in bioreactors to 1.2, 3.0, and 50 L to simulate a real production scale. The products obtained an excellent reduction in surface tensions from 70 to 29 mN·m^-1 in the flask-scale, comparable to 33 mN·m^-1 in the 1.2-L reactor, to 31 mN·m^-1 in the 3-L reactor, and to 30 mN·m^-1 in the 50-L reactor. Regarding the yield, it was observed that the isolation by liquid-to-liquid extraction aided biosurfactant production up to 221.9 g·L^-1 with a critical micellar concentration of 0.5%. The isolated biosurfactant did not exhibit an inhibitory effect on the germination of vegetable seeds and presented no significant acute toxicity in assays with Artemia salina and Allium cepa. Among the different formulations of mayonnaise-like sauces, the most stable formula was observed with the addition of the biosurfactant at a concentration of 0.5% and the greatest results were associated with the guar and carboxymethyl cellulose gums. Thus, the biosurfactant from C. bombicola represents a promising alternative as a food additive in emulsions.

Keywords: bioemulsifiers; food additives; industrial waste products.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of biosurfactant produced from *C. bombicola* growth.

**Figure 2**
Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of biosurfactant produced from *C. bombicola* growth.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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[1] Alvarez V.M., Jurelevicius D., Marques J.M., de Souza P.M., de Araújo L.V., Barros T.G., de Souza R.O., Freire D.M., Seldin L. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TSBSO 3.8, a biosurfactant-producing strain with biotechnological potential for microbial enhanced oil recovery. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces. 2015;136:14–21. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.046. - DOI - PubMed

[2] Alvarez V.M., Jurelevicius D., Marques J.M., de Souza P.M., de Araújo L.V., Barros T.G., de Souza R.O., Freire D.M., Seldin L. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TSBSO 3.8, a biosurfactant-producing strain with biotechnological potential for microbial enhanced oil recovery. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces. 2015;136:14–21. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.046. - DOI - PubMed

[3] Almeida D.G., Soares S.R.C.F., Luna J.M., Rufino R.D., Santos V.A., Banat I.M., Sarubbo L.A. Biosurfactants: Promising Molecules for Petroleum Biotechnology Advances. Front. Microbiol. 2016;7:1718. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01718. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Almeida D.G., Soares S.R.C.F., Luna J.M., Rufino R.D., Santos V.A., Banat I.M., Sarubbo L.A. Biosurfactants: Promising Molecules for Petroleum Biotechnology Advances. Front. Microbiol. 2016;7:1718. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01718. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Das A.J., Lal S., Kumar R., Verma C. Bacterial biosurfactants can be an ecofriendly and advanced technology for remediation of heavy metals and co-contaminated soil. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017;14:1343–1354. doi: 10.1007/s13762-016-1183-0. - DOI

[6] Das A.J., Lal S., Kumar R., Verma C. Bacterial biosurfactants can be an ecofriendly and advanced technology for remediation of heavy metals and co-contaminated soil. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2017;14:1343–1354. doi: 10.1007/s13762-016-1183-0. - DOI

[7] Chaprão M.J., da Silva R.C.F.S., Rufino R.D., Luna J.M., Santos V.A., Sarubbo L.A. Production of a biosurfactant from Bacillus methylotrophicus UCP1616 for use in the bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments. Ecotoxicology. 2018;27:1310–1322. doi: 10.1007/s10646-018-1982-9. - DOI - PubMed

[8] Chaprão M.J., da Silva R.C.F.S., Rufino R.D., Luna J.M., Santos V.A., Sarubbo L.A. Production of a biosurfactant from Bacillus methylotrophicus UCP1616 for use in the bioremediation of oil-contaminated environments. Ecotoxicology. 2018;27:1310–1322. doi: 10.1007/s10646-018-1982-9. - DOI - PubMed

[9] Nikolova C., Gutierrez T. Biosurfactants and Their Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry: Current State of Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2021;9:626639. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.626639. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Nikolova C., Gutierrez T. Biosurfactants and Their Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry: Current State of Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 2021;9:626639. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.626639. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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A Biosurfactant from Candida bombicola: Its Synthesis, Characterization, and its Application as a Food Emulsions

Affiliations

A Biosurfactant from Candida bombicola: Its Synthesis, Characterization, and its Application as a Food Emulsions

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

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References

Grants and funding

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