Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: RPL31
Cytogenetic location: 2q11.2 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) : 2:101,002,289-101,019,724 (from NCBI)
Ribosomal proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and transported to the nucleolus, where they combine with ribosomal RNA to form ribosomes. RPL31 is predicted to be a ribosomal protein subunit located near the peptidyl transferase site (Chester et al., 1989).
Chester et al. (1989) cloned RPL31, which they called L31, from RNA extracted from adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinomas.
Nobori et al. (1989) cloned RPL31 from human Molt-4 cell cDNA library. The deduced protein contains 145 amino acids.
Using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen, Maruyama et al. (2014) found that RPL31 was involved in bicalutamide resistance in human LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Knockdown of RPL31 via siRNA reduced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and reduced degradation of p53 (TP53; 191170), with increased protein levels of p53 and p53 targets p21 (CDKN1A; 116899) and MDM2 (164785). Concomitant knockdown of p53 partially reversed the effect of RPL31 siRNA. Gene expression profiling showed that RPL31 was overexpressed in prostate carcinomas compared with benign prostate tissue. Maruyama et al. (2014) concluded that RPL31 may have an extraribosomal effect in regulating cell cycle progression.
Yoshihama et al. (2002) determined that the RPL31 gene has 5 exons. The first exon is noncoding.
By PCR of a human-rodent somatic cell hybrid panel, Uechi et al. (2001) mapped the RPL31 gene to chromosome 2q11.2.
Chester, K. A., Robson, L., Begent, R. H. J., Talbot, I. C., Pringle, J. H., Primrose, L., Macpherson, A. J. S., Boxer, G., Southall, P., Malcolm, A. D. B. Identification of a human ribosomal protein mRNA with increased expression in colorectal tumours. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1009: 297-300, 1989. [PubMed: 2597680] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4781(89)90119-x]
Maruyama, Y., Miyazaki, T., Ikeda, K., Okumura, T., Sato, W., Horie-Inoue, K., Okamoto, K., Takeda, S., Inoue, S. Short hairpin RNA library-based functional screening identified ribosomal protein L31 that modulates prostate cancer cell growth via p53 pathway. PLoS One 9: e108743, 2014. Note: Electronic Article. [PubMed: 25285958] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108743]
Nobori, T., Hexdall, L. E., Carson, D. A. cDNA sequence of human ribosomal protein L31. Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 7105 only, 1989. [PubMed: 2780320] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/17.17.7105]
Uechi, T., Tanaka, T., Kenmochi, N. A complete map of the human ribosomal protein genes: assignment of 80 genes to the cytogenetic map and implications for human disorders. Genomics 72: 223-230, 2001. [PubMed: 11401437] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.2000.6470]
Yoshihama, M., Uechi, T., Asakawa, S., Kawasaki, K., Kato, S., Higa, S., Maeda, N., Minoshima, S., Tanaka, T., Shimizu, N., Kenmochi, N. The human ribosomal protein genes: sequencing and comparative analysis of 73 genes. Genome Res. 12: 379-390, 2002. [PubMed: 11875025] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.214202]