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Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome(MGA1; IGS1)

MedGen UID:
1640347
•Concept ID:
C4551825
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: ENTEROCYTE COBALAMIN MALABSORPTION; ENTEROCYTE INTRINSIC FACTOR RECEPTOR, DEFECT OF; Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome; Megaloblastic anemia due to inborn errors of metabolism; PERNICIOUS ANEMIA, JUVENILE, DUE TO SELECTIVE INTESTINAL MALABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B12, WITH PROTEINURIA
SNOMED CT: Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia due to selective malabsorption of cyanocobalamin (234363001); Imerslund-Grasbeck anemia (234363001); Selective malabsorption of cyanocobalamin (234363001); Imerslund-Najman-Grasbeck syndrome (234363001); Imerslund-Grasbeck disease (234363001); Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome (234363001); Imerslund disease (234363001); Imerslund's syndrome (234363001)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
•Concept ID:
C0441748
•
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
Autosomal recessive inheritance (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0009853
OMIM®: 261100; 602997
OMIM® Phenotypic series: PS261100
Orphanet: ORPHA35858

Definition

Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome (IGS) or selective vitamin B12 (cobalamin) malabsorption with proteinuria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by vitamin B12 deficiency commonly resulting in megaloblastic anemia, which is responsive to parenteral vitamin B12 therapy and appears in childhood. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVImerslund-Grasbeck syndrome

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Identification of novel pathogenic variants of CUBN in patients with isolated proteinuria.
Yang H, He L, Gong H, Wan C, Ding J, Liao P, Wang X
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024 Mar;12(3):e2353. doi: 10.1002/mgg3.2353. PMID: 38488435Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a 25-month-old Italian girl caused by a homozygous mutation in AMN.
De Filippo G, Rendina D, Rocco V, Esposito T, Gianfrancesco F, Strazzullo P
Ital J Pediatr 2013 Sep 17;39:58. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-39-58. PMID: 24044590Free PMC Article
Proteinuria and events beyond the slit.
Nielsen R, Christensen EI
Pediatr Nephrol 2010 May;25(5):813-22. Epub 2010 Jan 5 doi: 10.1007/s00467-009-1381-9. PMID: 20049615
Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome: association with diabetes mellitus.
Madhavan S, Vijayakumar M, Rajajee S, Nammalwar BR
Indian Pediatr 2009 Mar;46(3):251-3. PMID: 19346573
Late onset of Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome without proteinuria in four children of one family from the Lebanon.
Rössler J, Breitenstein S, Havers W
Eur J Pediatr 2003 Nov;162(11):808-9. Epub 2003 Sep 11 doi: 10.1007/s00431-003-1306-8. PMID: 14593474

Diagnosis

Human C-terminal CUBN variants associate with chronic proteinuria and normal renal function.
Bedin M, Boyer O, Servais A, Li Y, Villoing-Gaudé L, Tête MJ, Cambier A, Hogan J, Baudouin V, Krid S, Bensman A, Lammens F, Louillet F, Ranchin B, Vigneau C, Bouteau I, Isnard-Bagnis C, Mache CJ, Schäfer T, Pape L, Gödel M, Huber TB, Benz M, Klaus G, Hansen M, Latta K, Gribouval O, Morinière V, Tournant C, Grohmann M, Kuhn E, Wagner T, Bole-Feysot C, Jabot-Hanin F, Nitschké P, Ahluwalia TS, Köttgen A, Andersen CBF, Bergmann C, Antignac C, Simons M
J Clin Invest 2020 Jan 2;130(1):335-344. doi: 10.1172/JCI129937. PMID: 31613795Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a 25-month-old Italian girl caused by a homozygous mutation in AMN.
De Filippo G, Rendina D, Rocco V, Esposito T, Gianfrancesco F, Strazzullo P
Ital J Pediatr 2013 Sep 17;39:58. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-39-58. PMID: 24044590Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (selective vitamin B(12) malabsorption with proteinuria).
Gräsbeck R
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006 May 19;1:17. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-17. PMID: 16722557Free PMC Article
Late onset of Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome without proteinuria in four children of one family from the Lebanon.
Rössler J, Breitenstein S, Havers W
Eur J Pediatr 2003 Nov;162(11):808-9. Epub 2003 Sep 11 doi: 10.1007/s00431-003-1306-8. PMID: 14593474
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in an African patient.
Stones DK, Ferreira M
J Trop Pediatr 1999 Apr;45(2):106-7. doi: 10.1093/tropej/45.2.106. PMID: 10341506

Therapy

Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome: a comprehensive review of reported cases.
Kingma SDK, Neven J, Bael A, Meuwissen MEC, van den Akker M
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023 Sep 14;18(1):291. doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02889-x. PMID: 37710296Free PMC Article
Cabot rings and other peripheral blood features of Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome.
Bargehr C, Crazzolara R
Br J Haematol 2020 Oct;191(1):11. Epub 2020 Jul 2 doi: 10.1111/bjh.16933. PMID: 32613615Free PMC Article
Human C-terminal CUBN variants associate with chronic proteinuria and normal renal function.
Bedin M, Boyer O, Servais A, Li Y, Villoing-Gaudé L, Tête MJ, Cambier A, Hogan J, Baudouin V, Krid S, Bensman A, Lammens F, Louillet F, Ranchin B, Vigneau C, Bouteau I, Isnard-Bagnis C, Mache CJ, Schäfer T, Pape L, Gödel M, Huber TB, Benz M, Klaus G, Hansen M, Latta K, Gribouval O, Morinière V, Tournant C, Grohmann M, Kuhn E, Wagner T, Bole-Feysot C, Jabot-Hanin F, Nitschké P, Ahluwalia TS, Köttgen A, Andersen CBF, Bergmann C, Antignac C, Simons M
J Clin Invest 2020 Jan 2;130(1):335-344. doi: 10.1172/JCI129937. PMID: 31613795Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a 25-month-old Italian girl caused by a homozygous mutation in AMN.
De Filippo G, Rendina D, Rocco V, Esposito T, Gianfrancesco F, Strazzullo P
Ital J Pediatr 2013 Sep 17;39:58. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-39-58. PMID: 24044590Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome in a Chinese family with distinct skin lesions refractory to vitamin B12.
Lin SH, Sourial NA, Lu KC, Hsueh EJ
J Clin Pathol 1994 Oct;47(10):956-8. doi: 10.1136/jcp.47.10.956. PMID: 7962612Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Identification of novel pathogenic variants of CUBN in patients with isolated proteinuria.
Yang H, He L, Gong H, Wan C, Ding J, Liao P, Wang X
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024 Mar;12(3):e2353. doi: 10.1002/mgg3.2353. PMID: 38488435Free PMC Article
Cabot rings and marked anisopoikilocytosis in Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome.
Goubeaux DL, Li W
Blood 2018 Jan 4;131(1):153. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-10-809178. PMID: 29301775
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a 25-month-old Italian girl caused by a homozygous mutation in AMN.
De Filippo G, Rendina D, Rocco V, Esposito T, Gianfrancesco F, Strazzullo P
Ital J Pediatr 2013 Sep 17;39:58. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-39-58. PMID: 24044590Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (selective vitamin B(12) malabsorption with proteinuria).
Gräsbeck R
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006 May 19;1:17. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-17. PMID: 16722557Free PMC Article
Late onset of Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome without proteinuria in four children of one family from the Lebanon.
Rössler J, Breitenstein S, Havers W
Eur J Pediatr 2003 Nov;162(11):808-9. Epub 2003 Sep 11 doi: 10.1007/s00431-003-1306-8. PMID: 14593474

Clinical prediction guides

Identification of novel pathogenic variants of CUBN in patients with isolated proteinuria.
Yang H, He L, Gong H, Wan C, Ding J, Liao P, Wang X
Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024 Mar;12(3):e2353. doi: 10.1002/mgg3.2353. PMID: 38488435Free PMC Article
Ancient founder mutation is responsible for Imerslund-Gräsbeck Syndrome among diverse ethnicities.
Beech CM, Liyanarachchi S, Shah NP, Sturm AC, Sadiq MF, de la Chapelle A, Tanner SM
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011 Nov 13;6:74. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-74. PMID: 22078000Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (selective vitamin B(12) malabsorption with proteinuria).
Gräsbeck R
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2006 May 19;1:17. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-1-17. PMID: 16722557Free PMC Article
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome coexisting with beta-thalassemia trait.
Sayli TR, Başak AN, Gümrük F, Gürgey A, Altay C
Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1994 Mar-Apr;11(2):223-5. doi: 10.3109/08880019409141661. PMID: 8204449
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in two brothers: renal biopsy and ultrastructural findings.
Liang DC, Hsu HC, Huang FY, Wei KN
Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1991 Oct-Dec;8(4):361-5. doi: 10.3109/08880019109028810. PMID: 1782115

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • ClinVar
      Related medical variations
    • GTR
      Related information in GTR
    • GTR(Clinical)
      Clinical tests in GTR
    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • OMIM
      Related records in OMIM
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
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    • PubMed (OMIM)
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