U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Legionnaire disease, susceptibility to

MedGen UID:
325276
Concept ID:
C1837872
Finding
Synonym: LEGIONNAIRE DISEASE, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
 
Gene (location): TLR5 (1q41)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012057
OMIM®: 608556

Definition

Legionnaire disease (LD) is a type of pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila, a flagellated gram-negative bacterium found primarily in warm water environments. The disease and the bacterium were discovered following an outbreak traced to a 1976 American Legion convention in Philadelphia. A number of risk factors for acquiring LD have been identified, including age, smoking, chronic lung disease, cancer, and immunosuppression (summary by Hawn et al., 2003). [from OMIM]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Guillemot J, Ginevra C, Allam C, Kay E, Gilbert C, Doublet P, Jarraud S, Chapalain A
Virulence 2022 Dec;13(1):160-173. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.2022861. PMID: 35030980Free PMC Article
Sharaby Y, Nitzan O, Brettar I, Höfle MG, Peretz A, Halpern M
Sci Rep 2019 Apr 16;9(1):6138. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42425-1. PMID: 30992549Free PMC Article
Phin N, Parry-Ford F, Harrison T, Stagg HR, Zhang N, Kumar K, Lortholary O, Zumla A, Abubakar I
Lancet Infect Dis 2014 Oct;14(10):1011-21. Epub 2014 Jun 23 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70713-3. PMID: 24970283

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Portal E, Descours G, Ginevra C, Mentasti M, Afshar B, Chand M, Day J, Echahidi F, Franzin L, Gaia V, Lück C, Meghraoui A, Moran-Gilad J, Ricci ML, Lina G, Uldum S, Winchell J, Howe R, Bernard K, Spiller OB, Chalker VJ, Jarraud S; ESCMID Study Group for Legionella Infections (ESGLI)
J Antimicrob Chemother 2021 Apr 13;76(5):1113-1116. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab027. PMID: 33608737
Braeye T, Hens N
Epidemiol Infect 2020 May 4;148:e151. doi: 10.1017/S0950268820000916. PMID: 32364110Free PMC Article
Htwe TH, Khardori NM
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017 Mar;31(1):29-42. Epub 2016 Dec 12 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2016.10.003. PMID: 27979686
Almirall J, Blanquer J, Bello S
Arch Bronconeumol 2014 Jun;50(6):250-4. Epub 2013 Dec 31 doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.11.016. PMID: 24387877
Berrington WR, Hawn TR
Methods Mol Biol 2013;954:541-51. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-161-5_33. PMID: 23150419

Diagnosis

Gładysz I, Sikora A, Wójtowicz-Bobin M, Szepeluk A, Matuszewska R, Bartosik M, Karczewski JK
Ann Agric Environ Med 2023 Dec 22;30(4):602-605. Epub 2023 Jun 14 doi: 10.26444/aaem/167934. PMID: 38153060
Qin T, Ren H, Chen D, Zhou H, Jiang L, Wu D, Shen J, Pei F
Emerg Infect Dis 2019 Jun;25(6):1218-1219. doi: 10.3201/eid2506.171431. PMID: 31107214Free PMC Article
Dunne WM Jr, Picot N, van Belkum A
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017 Mar;31(1):167-178. Epub 2016 Dec 12 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2016.10.012. PMID: 27979684
Phin N, Parry-Ford F, Harrison T, Stagg HR, Zhang N, Kumar K, Lortholary O, Zumla A, Abubakar I
Lancet Infect Dis 2014 Oct;14(10):1011-21. Epub 2014 Jun 23 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70713-3. PMID: 24970283
Antopol SC, Ellner PD
Appl Environ Microbiol 1979 Aug;38(2):347-8. doi: 10.1128/aem.38.2.347-348.1979. PMID: 518088Free PMC Article

Therapy

Pappa O, Chochlakis D, Sandalakis V, Dioli C, Psaroulaki A, Mavridou A
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Aug 11;17(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165809. PMID: 32796666Free PMC Article
Dubois J, Dubois M, Martel JF
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020 Apr 21;64(5) doi: 10.1128/AAC.01972-19. PMID: 32094130Free PMC Article
Htwe TH, Khardori NM
Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017 Mar;31(1):29-42. Epub 2016 Dec 12 doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2016.10.003. PMID: 27979686
Almirall J, Blanquer J, Bello S
Arch Bronconeumol 2014 Jun;50(6):250-4. Epub 2013 Dec 31 doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.11.016. PMID: 24387877
Stratton CW
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1988 Jun;9(6):264-7. doi: 10.1086/645850. PMID: 3042854

Prognosis

Graells T, Hernández-García M, Pérez-Jové J, Guy L, Padilla E
Environ Res 2018 Oct;166:638-646. Epub 2018 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.045. PMID: 29982152
Almirall J, Blanquer J, Bello S
Arch Bronconeumol 2014 Jun;50(6):250-4. Epub 2013 Dec 31 doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.11.016. PMID: 24387877
Rafat C, Vimont S, Ancel PY, Xu-Dubois YC, Mesnard L, Ouali N, Denis M, Vandewalle A, Rondeau E, Hertig A
Transpl Infect Dis 2011 Aug;13(4):344-52. Epub 2011 Feb 7 doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2011.00602.x. PMID: 21299776
Endrizzi M, Huang S, Scharf JM, Kelter AR, Wirth B, Kunkel LM, Miller W, Dietrich WF
Genomics 1999 Sep 1;60(2):137-51. doi: 10.1006/geno.1999.5910. PMID: 10486205
Le Saux NM, Sekla L, McLeod J, Parker S, Rush D, Jeffery JR, Brunham RC
CMAJ 1989 May 1;140(9):1047-53. PMID: 2650836Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Sreenath K, Chaudhry R, Vinayaraj EV, Thakur B
Future Microbiol 2019 May;14:661-669. Epub 2019 May 31 doi: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0049. PMID: 31148475
Chiaraviglio L, Kirby JE
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015 Dec;59(12):7517-29. Epub 2015 Sep 21 doi: 10.1128/AAC.01248-15. PMID: 26392509Free PMC Article
Almirall J, Blanquer J, Bello S
Arch Bronconeumol 2014 Jun;50(6):250-4. Epub 2013 Dec 31 doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2013.11.016. PMID: 24387877
Bhopal RS, Fallon RJ, Buist EC, Black RJ, Urquhart JD
BMJ 1991 Feb 16;302(6773):378-83. doi: 10.1136/bmj.302.6773.378. PMID: 2004142Free PMC Article
Friedman H, Klein TW, Widen R, Newton C, Blanchard DK, Yamamoto Y
Adv Exp Med Biol 1988;239:327-41. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-5421-6_32. PMID: 3059772

Recent systematic reviews

Pappa O, Chochlakis D, Sandalakis V, Dioli C, Psaroulaki A, Mavridou A
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Aug 11;17(16) doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165809. PMID: 32796666Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...