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Essential thrombocythemia

MedGen UID:
11797
•Concept ID:
C0040028
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: essential thrombocytemia; Suspected essential thromboythemia
SNOMED CT: Idiopathic thrombocythemia (128844009); Idiopathic hemorrhagic thrombocythemia (128844009); Essential hemorrhagic thrombocythemia (128844009); Essential thrombocythemia (128844009); Essential thrombocythemia (109994006); Idiopathic thrombocythemia (109994006); Essential thrombocytosis (109994006); Primary thrombocythemia (128844009); Essential thrombocythemia (clinical disorder) (109994006)
Modes of inheritance:
Non-Mendelian inheritance
MedGen UID:
109109
•Concept ID:
C0600599
•
Genetic Function
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that depends on genetic determinants in more than one gene.
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Non-Mendelian inheritance (Orphanet)
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Related genes: SH2B3, THPO, MPL, JAK2, CALR
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005029
Orphanet: ORPHA3318

Definition

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN, see this term) characterized by a sustained elevation of platelet number (> 450 x 109/L) with a tendency for thrombosis and hemorrhage. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
Follow this link to review classifications for Essential thrombocythemia in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Essential thrombocythemia: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management.
Tefferi A, Vannucchi AM, Barbui T
Am J Hematol 2024 Apr;99(4):697-718. Epub 2024 Jan 25 doi: 10.1002/ajh.27216. PMID: 38269572
Primary myelofibrosis: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Tefferi A
Am J Hematol 2023 May;98(5):801-821. Epub 2023 Feb 6 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26857. PMID: 36680511
Primary myelofibrosis: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification and management.
Tefferi A
Am J Hematol 2021 Jan;96(1):145-162. Epub 2020 Dec 2 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26050. PMID: 33197049

Curated

NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, 2023

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Essential thrombocythemia: challenges in clinical practice and future prospects.
Godfrey AL, Green AC, Harrison CN
Blood 2023 Apr 20;141(16):1943-1953. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022017625. PMID: 36379024
Myeloproliferative disorders.
Meier B, Burton JH
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2014 Aug;32(3):597-612. Epub 2014 Jun 7 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2014.04.014. PMID: 25060252
Somatic mutations of calreticulin in myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Klampfl T, Gisslinger H, Harutyunyan AS, Nivarthi H, Rumi E, Milosevic JD, Them NC, Berg T, Gisslinger B, Pietra D, Chen D, Vladimer GI, Bagienski K, Milanesi C, Casetti IC, Sant'Antonio E, Ferretti V, Elena C, Schischlik F, Cleary C, Six M, Schalling M, Schönegger A, Bock C, Malcovati L, Pascutto C, Superti-Furga G, Cazzola M, Kralovics R
N Engl J Med 2013 Dec 19;369(25):2379-90. Epub 2013 Dec 10 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311347. PMID: 24325356
Essential thrombocythemia.
Finazzi G
Cancer Treat Res 2008;142:51-68. doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-73744-7_3. PMID: 18283782
Essential thrombocythemia.
Harrison CN, Green AR
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2003 Oct;17(5):1175-90, vii. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8588(03)00082-0. PMID: 14560781

Diagnosis

Understanding triple negative myeloproliferative neoplasms: pathogenesis, clinical features, and management.
Tharakan S, Mascarenhas J, Tremblay D
Leuk Lymphoma 2024 Feb;65(2):158-167. Epub 2024 Jan 24 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2277674. PMID: 38033130
Essential thrombocythemia: challenges in clinical practice and future prospects.
Godfrey AL, Green AC, Harrison CN
Blood 2023 Apr 20;141(16):1943-1953. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022017625. PMID: 36379024
Essential Thrombocythemia.
Tefferi A, Pardanani A
N Engl J Med 2019 Nov 28;381(22):2135-2144. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1816082. PMID: 31774958
Myeloproliferative Disorders.
Meier B, Burton JH
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2017 Dec;31(6):1029-1044. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2017.08.007. PMID: 29078922
Myeloproliferative disorders.
Meier B, Burton JH
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2014 Aug;32(3):597-612. Epub 2014 Jun 7 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2014.04.014. PMID: 25060252

Therapy

Primary myelofibrosis: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Tefferi A
Am J Hematol 2023 May;98(5):801-821. Epub 2023 Feb 6 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26857. PMID: 36680511
Essential Thrombocythemia.
Tefferi A, Pardanani A
N Engl J Med 2019 Nov 28;381(22):2135-2144. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp1816082. PMID: 31774958
Fedratinib: First Approval.
Blair HA
Drugs 2019 Oct;79(15):1719-1725. doi: 10.1007/s40265-019-01205-x. PMID: 31571162
Thrombocytosis.
Schafer AI
N Engl J Med 2004 Mar 18;350(12):1211-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra035363. PMID: 15028825
Essential thrombocythemia.
Harrison CN, Green AR
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2003 Oct;17(5):1175-90, vii. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8588(03)00082-0. PMID: 14560781

Prognosis

Essential thrombocythemia: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management.
Tefferi A, Vannucchi AM, Barbui T
Am J Hematol 2024 Apr;99(4):697-718. Epub 2024 Jan 25 doi: 10.1002/ajh.27216. PMID: 38269572
Understanding triple negative myeloproliferative neoplasms: pathogenesis, clinical features, and management.
Tharakan S, Mascarenhas J, Tremblay D
Leuk Lymphoma 2024 Feb;65(2):158-167. Epub 2024 Jan 24 doi: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2277674. PMID: 38033130
Pediatric Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.
El-Sharkawy F, Margolskee E
Clin Lab Med 2021 Sep;41(3):529-540. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2021.04.010. PMID: 34304780
Polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification and management.
Tefferi A, Barbui T
Am J Hematol 2020 Dec;95(12):1599-1613. Epub 2020 Oct 23 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26008. PMID: 32974939
Myeloproliferative disorders.
Meier B, Burton JH
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2014 Aug;32(3):597-612. Epub 2014 Jun 7 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2014.04.014. PMID: 25060252

Clinical prediction guides

Primary myelofibrosis: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.
Tefferi A
Am J Hematol 2023 May;98(5):801-821. Epub 2023 Feb 6 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26857. PMID: 36680511
Primary myelofibrosis: 2021 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification and management.
Tefferi A
Am J Hematol 2021 Jan;96(1):145-162. Epub 2020 Dec 2 doi: 10.1002/ajh.26050. PMID: 33197049
Epidemiology of myelofibrosis, essential thrombocythemia, and polycythemia vera in the European Union.
Moulard O, Mehta J, Fryzek J, Olivares R, Iqbal U, Mesa RA
Eur J Haematol 2014 Apr;92(4):289-97. Epub 2014 Feb 3 doi: 10.1111/ejh.12256. PMID: 24372927
Revised response criteria for polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: an ELN and IWG-MRT consensus project.
Barosi G, Mesa R, Finazzi G, Harrison C, Kiladjian JJ, Lengfelder E, McMullin MF, Passamonti F, Vannucchi AM, Besses C, Gisslinger H, Samuelsson J, Verstovsek S, Hoffman R, Pardanani A, Cervantes F, Tefferi A, Barbui T
Blood 2013 Jun 6;121(23):4778-81. Epub 2013 Apr 16 doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-01-478891. PMID: 23591792Free PMC Article
Clinical predictors of outcome in MPN.
Passamonti F, Maffioli M, Merli M, Ferrario A, Caramazza D
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2012 Oct;26(5):1101-16. Epub 2012 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2012.07.009. PMID: 23009940

Recent systematic reviews

Platelet Function and Turnover in Essential Thrombocythemia: A Systematic Review.
Kvernberg J, Grove EL, Ommen HB, Hvas AM
Semin Thromb Hemost 2021 Feb;47(1):90-101. Epub 2021 Feb 1 doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1718873. PMID: 33525042
Interferon alpha therapy in essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bewersdorf JP, Giri S, Wang R, Podoltsev N, Williams RT, Tallman MS, Rampal RK, Zeidan AM, Stahl M
Leukemia 2021 Jun;35(6):1643-1660. Epub 2020 Sep 1 doi: 10.1038/s41375-020-01020-4. PMID: 32868875Free PMC Article
Benefits and Risks of Antithrombotic Therapy in Essential Thrombocythemia: A Systematic Review.
Chu DK, Hillis CM, Leong DP, Anand SS, Siegal DM
Ann Intern Med 2017 Aug 1;167(3):170-180. Epub 2017 Jun 27 doi: 10.7326/M17-0284. PMID: 28632284
Risk of venous thromboembolism in pregnant women with essential thrombocythemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Skeith L, Carrier M, Robinson SE, Alimam S, Rodger MA
Blood 2017 Feb 23;129(8):934-939. Epub 2017 Jan 3 doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-728006. PMID: 28049641
Thrombotic risk factors in Chinese Budd-Chiari syndrome patients. An observational study with a systematic review of the literature.
Qi X, Wu F, Ren W, He C, Yin Z, Niu J, Bai M, Yang Z, Wu K, Fan D, Han G
Thromb Haemost 2013 May;109(5):878-84. Epub 2013 Feb 28 doi: 10.1160/TH12-10-0784. PMID: 23447059

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
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    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Curated

    • NCCN, 2023
      NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, 2023

    Reviews

    Related information

    • ClinVar
      Related medical variations
    • GTR
      Related information in GTR
    • GTR(Clinical)
      Clinical tests in GTR
    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

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