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Reduced tissue phosphomannomutase activity

MedGen UID:
1864283
Concept ID:
C5937509
Finding
HPO: HP:6000781

Definition

Activity of the enzyme phosphomannomutase (EC 5.4.2.8) in tissues below the lower limit of normal. The activity can be measured in multiple tissues including leukocytes, fibroblasts, and liver. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVReduced tissue phosphomannomutase activity

Conditions with this feature

PMM2-congenital disorder of glycosylation
MedGen UID:
138111
Concept ID:
C0349653
Disease or Syndrome
PMM2-CDG, the most common of a group of disorders of abnormal glycosylation of N-linked oligosaccharides, is divided into three clinical stages: infantile multisystem, late-infantile and childhood ataxia–intellectual disability, and adult stable disability. The clinical manifestations and course are highly variable, ranging from infants who die in the first year of life to mildly affected adults. Clinical findings tend to be similar in sibs. In the infantile multisystem presentation, infants show axial hypotonia, hyporeflexia, esotropia, and developmental delay. Feeding issues, vomiting, faltering growth, and developmental delay are frequently seen. Subcutaneous fat may be excessive over the buttocks and suprapubic region. Two distinct clinical courses are observed: (1) a nonfatal neurologic course with faltering growth, strabismus, developmental delay, cerebellar hypoplasia, and hepatopathy in infancy followed by neuropathy and retinitis pigmentosa in the first or second decade; and (2) a more severe neurologic-multivisceral course with approximately 20% mortality in the first year of life. The late-infantile and childhood ataxia–intellectual disability stage, which begins between ages three and ten years, is characterized by hypotonia, ataxia, severely delayed language and motor development, inability to walk, and IQ of 40 to 70; other findings include seizures, stroke-like episodes or transient unilateral loss of function, coagulopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, joint contractures, and skeletal deformities. In the adult stable disability stage, intellectual ability is stable; peripheral neuropathy is variable, progressive retinitis pigmentosa and myopia are seen, thoracic and spinal deformities with osteoporosis worsen, and premature aging is observed; females may lack secondary sexual development and males may exhibit decreased testicular volume. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and coagulopathy may occur. The risk for deep venous thrombosis is increased.

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Hansen SH, Frank SR, Casanova JE
Glycobiology 1997 Sep;7(6):829-34. doi: 10.1093/glycob/7.6.829. PMID: 9376685

Therapy

Kedzierski L, Curtis JM, Kedzierska K
Parasitology 2009 Jul;136(8):833-40. Epub 2009 Jun 2 doi: 10.1017/S0031182009006301. PMID: 19490731

Prognosis

Matthijs G, Schollen E, Pirard M, Budarf ML, Van Schaftingen E, Cassiman JJ
Genomics 1997 Feb 15;40(1):41-7. doi: 10.1006/geno.1996.4536. PMID: 9070917

Clinical prediction guides

Kedzierski L, Curtis JM, Kedzierska K
Parasitology 2009 Jul;136(8):833-40. Epub 2009 Jun 2 doi: 10.1017/S0031182009006301. PMID: 19490731
Matthijs G, Schollen E, Pirard M, Budarf ML, Van Schaftingen E, Cassiman JJ
Genomics 1997 Feb 15;40(1):41-7. doi: 10.1006/geno.1996.4536. PMID: 9070917

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