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dbSNP Short Genetic Variations

Welcome to the Reference SNP (rs) Report

All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Click on the Variant Details tab for details on Genomic Placement, Gene, and Amino Acid changes. HGVS names are in the HGVS tab.

Reference SNP (rs) Report

This page reports data for a single dbSNP Reference SNP variation (RefSNP or rs) from the new redesigned dbSNP build.
Top of the page reports a concise summary for the rs, with more specific details included in the corresponding tabs below.
All alleles are reported in the Forward orientation. Use the Genomic View to inspect the nucleotides flanking the variant, and its neighbors.
For more information see Help documentation.

rs1800462

Current Build 157

Released September 3, 2024

Organism
Homo sapiens
Position
chr6:18143724 (GRCh38.p14) Help

The anchor position for this RefSNP. Includes all nucleotides potentially affected by this change, thus it can differ from HGVS, which is right-shifted. See here for details.

Alleles
C>G
Variation Type
SNV Single Nucleotide Variation
Frequency
G=0.0021522 (3016/1401342, GnomAD_exomes)
G=0.002546 (674/264690, TOPMED)
G=0.002010 (300/149232, GnomAD_genomes) (+ 13 more)
G=0.001381 (166/120178, ExAC)
G=0.00207 (163/78688, PAGE_STUDY)
G=0.00238 (117/49258, ALFA)
G=0.0020 (13/6404, 1000G_30X)
G=0.0022 (11/5008, 1000G)
G=0.0013 (6/4480, Estonian)
G=0.0016 (6/3854, ALSPAC)
G=0.0024 (9/3708, TWINSUK)
G=0.0040 (13/3246, PRJNA289433)
G=0.001 (1/998, GoNL)
G=0.006 (3/534, MGP)
G=0.005 (1/216, Qatari)
G=0.03 (1/40, GENOME_DK)
Clinical Significance
Reported in ClinVar
Gene : Consequence
TPMT : Missense Variant
Publications
47 citations
Genomic View
See rs on genome

ALFA Allele Frequency
The ALFA project provide aggregate allele frequency from dbGaP. More information is available on the project page including descriptions, data access, and terms of use.

Release Version: 20231103111315
Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele Ref HMOZ Alt HMOZ HTRZ HWEP
Total Global 49258 C=0.99762 G=0.00238 0.99525 0.0 0.00475 0
European Sub 37244 C=0.99756 G=0.00244 0.995113 0.0 0.004887 0
African Sub 3560 C=0.9997 G=0.0003 0.999438 0.0 0.000562 0
African Others Sub 122 C=1.000 G=0.000 1.0 0.0 0.0 N/A
African American Sub 3438 C=0.9997 G=0.0003 0.999418 0.0 0.000582 0
Asian Sub 168 C=1.000 G=0.000 1.0 0.0 0.0 N/A
East Asian Sub 112 C=1.000 G=0.000 1.0 0.0 0.0 N/A
Other Asian Sub 56 C=1.00 G=0.00 1.0 0.0 0.0 N/A
Latin American 1 Sub 500 C=0.992 G=0.008 0.984 0.0 0.016 0
Latin American 2 Sub 628 C=0.997 G=0.003 0.993631 0.0 0.006369 0
South Asian Sub 98 C=1.00 G=0.00 1.0 0.0 0.0 N/A
Other Sub 7060 C=0.9973 G=0.0027 0.994618 0.0 0.005382 0


Help

Frequency tab displays a table of the reference and alternate allele frequencies reported by various studies and populations. Table lines, where Population="Global" refer to the entire study population, whereas lines, where Group="Sub", refer to a study-specific population subgroupings (i.e. AFR, CAU, etc.), if available. Frequency for the alternate allele (Alt Allele) is a ratio of samples observed-to-total, where the numerator (observed samples) is the number of chromosomes in the study with the minor allele present (found in "Sample size", where Group="Sub"), and the denominator (total samples) is the total number of all chromosomes in the study for the variant (found in "Sample size", where Group="Study-wide" and Population="Global").

Download
Study Population Group Sample Size Ref Allele Alt Allele
gnomAD v4 - Exomes Global Study-wide 1401342 C=0.9978478 G=0.0021522
gnomAD v4 - Exomes European Sub 1165314 C=0.9976187 G=0.0023813
gnomAD v4 - Exomes South Asian Sub 86256 C=1.00000 G=0.00000
gnomAD v4 - Exomes American Sub 44722 C=0.99624 G=0.00376
gnomAD v4 - Exomes East Asian Sub 39678 C=1.00000 G=0.00000
gnomAD v4 - Exomes African Sub 33476 C=0.99943 G=0.00057
gnomAD v4 - Exomes Ashkenazi Jewish Sub 26130 C=0.99801 G=0.00199
gnomAD v4 - Exomes Middle Eastern sub 5766 C=0.9997 G=0.0003
TopMed Global Study-wide 264690 C=0.997454 G=0.002546
gnomAD v4 - Genomes Global Study-wide 149232 C=0.997990 G=0.002010
gnomAD v4 - Genomes European Sub 78622 C=0.99796 G=0.00204
gnomAD v4 - Genomes African Sub 41552 C=0.99937 G=0.00063
gnomAD v4 - Genomes American Sub 15274 C=0.99293 G=0.00707
gnomAD v4 - Genomes East Asian Sub 5190 C=0.9998 G=0.0002
gnomAD v4 - Genomes South Asian Sub 4830 C=1.0000 G=0.0000
gnomAD v4 - Genomes Ashkenazi Jewish Sub 3470 C=0.9986 G=0.0014
gnomAD v4 - Genomes Middle Eastern sub 294 C=1.000 G=0.000
ExAC Global Study-wide 120178 C=0.998619 G=0.001381
ExAC Europe Sub 72720 C=0.99820 G=0.00180
ExAC Asian Sub 25012 C=1.00000 G=0.00000
ExAC American Sub 11458 C=0.99756 G=0.00244
ExAC African Sub 10088 C=0.99950 G=0.00050
ExAC Other Sub 900 C=0.998 G=0.002
The PAGE Study Global Study-wide 78688 C=0.99793 G=0.00207
The PAGE Study AfricanAmerican Sub 32510 C=0.99948 G=0.00052
The PAGE Study Mexican Sub 10808 C=0.99685 G=0.00315
The PAGE Study Asian Sub 8316 C=0.9999 G=0.0001
The PAGE Study PuertoRican Sub 7916 C=0.9957 G=0.0043
The PAGE Study NativeHawaiian Sub 4534 C=0.9991 G=0.0009
The PAGE Study Cuban Sub 4230 C=0.9950 G=0.0050
The PAGE Study Dominican Sub 3826 C=0.9922 G=0.0078
The PAGE Study CentralAmerican Sub 2450 C=0.9951 G=0.0049
The PAGE Study SouthAmerican Sub 1982 C=0.9975 G=0.0025
The PAGE Study NativeAmerican Sub 1260 C=0.9960 G=0.0040
The PAGE Study SouthAsian Sub 856 C=1.000 G=0.000
Allele Frequency Aggregator Total Global 49258 C=0.99762 G=0.00238
Allele Frequency Aggregator European Sub 37244 C=0.99756 G=0.00244
Allele Frequency Aggregator Other Sub 7060 C=0.9973 G=0.0027
Allele Frequency Aggregator African Sub 3560 C=0.9997 G=0.0003
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 2 Sub 628 C=0.997 G=0.003
Allele Frequency Aggregator Latin American 1 Sub 500 C=0.992 G=0.008
Allele Frequency Aggregator Asian Sub 168 C=1.000 G=0.000
Allele Frequency Aggregator South Asian Sub 98 C=1.00 G=0.00
1000Genomes_30X Global Study-wide 6404 C=0.9980 G=0.0020
1000Genomes_30X African Sub 1786 C=0.9994 G=0.0006
1000Genomes_30X Europe Sub 1266 C=0.9953 G=0.0047
1000Genomes_30X South Asian Sub 1202 C=1.0000 G=0.0000
1000Genomes_30X East Asian Sub 1170 C=1.0000 G=0.0000
1000Genomes_30X American Sub 980 C=0.994 G=0.006
1000Genomes Global Study-wide 5008 C=0.9978 G=0.0022
1000Genomes African Sub 1322 C=0.9992 G=0.0008
1000Genomes East Asian Sub 1008 C=1.0000 G=0.0000
1000Genomes Europe Sub 1006 C=0.9940 G=0.0060
1000Genomes South Asian Sub 978 C=1.000 G=0.000
1000Genomes American Sub 694 C=0.994 G=0.006
Genetic variation in the Estonian population Estonian Study-wide 4480 C=0.9987 G=0.0013
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children PARENT AND CHILD COHORT Study-wide 3854 C=0.9984 G=0.0016
UK 10K study - Twins TWIN COHORT Study-wide 3708 C=0.9976 G=0.0024
MxGDAR/Encodat-PGx Global Study-wide 3246 C=0.9960 G=0.0040
MxGDAR/Encodat-PGx MxGDAR Sub 3246 C=0.9960 G=0.0040
Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 Genome of the Netherlands Study-wide 998 C=0.999 G=0.001
Medical Genome Project healthy controls from Spanish population Spanish controls Study-wide 534 C=0.994 G=0.006
Qatari Global Study-wide 216 C=0.995 G=0.005
The Danish reference pan genome Danish Study-wide 40 C=0.97 G=0.03
Help

Variant Details tab shows known variant placements on genomic sequences: chromosomes (NC_), RefSeqGene, pseudogenes or genomic regions (NG_), and in a separate table: on transcripts (NM_) and protein sequences (NP_). The corresponding transcript and protein locations are listed in adjacent lines, along with molecular consequences from Sequence Ontology. When no protein placement is available, only the transcript is listed. Column "Codon[Amino acid]" shows the actual base change in the format of "Reference > Alternate" allele, including the nucleotide codon change in transcripts, and the amino acid change in proteins, respectively, allowing for known ribosomal slippage sites. To view nucleotides adjacent to the variant use the Genomic View at the bottom of the page - zoom into the sequence until the nucleotides around the variant become visible.

Genomic Placements
Sequence name Change
GRCh38.p14 chr 6 NC_000006.12:g.18143724C>G
GRCh37.p13 chr 6 NC_000006.11:g.18143955C>G
TPMT RefSeqGene (LRG_874) NG_012137.3:g.16420G>C
Gene: TPMT, thiopurine S-methyltransferase (minus strand)
Molecule type Change Amino acid[Codon] SO Term
TPMT transcript variant 2 NM_001346817.1:c.238G>C A [GCA] > P [CCA] Coding Sequence Variant
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform 1 NP_001333746.1:p.Ala80Pro A (Ala) > P (Pro) Missense Variant
TPMT transcript variant 3 NM_001346818.1:c.238G>C A [GCA] > P [CCA] Coding Sequence Variant
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform 2 NP_001333747.1:p.Ala80Pro A (Ala) > P (Pro) Missense Variant
TPMT transcript variant 1 NM_000367.5:c.238G>C A [GCA] > P [CCA] Coding Sequence Variant
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform 1 NP_000358.1:p.Ala80Pro A (Ala) > P (Pro) Missense Variant
TPMT transcript variant X1 XM_047419289.1:c.238G>C A [GCA] > P [CCA] Coding Sequence Variant
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform X1 XP_047275245.1:p.Ala80Pro A (Ala) > P (Pro) Missense Variant
TPMT transcript variant X2 XM_047419290.1:c.238G>C A [GCA] > P [CCA] Coding Sequence Variant
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform X2 XP_047275246.1:p.Ala80Pro A (Ala) > P (Pro) Missense Variant
Help

Clinical Significance tab shows a list of clinical significance entries from ClinVar associated with the variation, per allele. Click on the RCV accession (i.e. RCV000001615.2) or Allele ID (i.e. 12274) to access full ClinVar report.

Allele: G (allele ID: 27760 )
ClinVar Accession Disease Names Clinical Significance
RCV000013558.12 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency Drug-Response
Help

Aliases tab displays HGVS names representing the variant placements and allele changes on genomic, transcript and protein sequences, per allele. HGVS name is an expression for reporting sequence accession and version, sequence type, position, and allele change. The column "Note" can have two values: "diff" means that there is a difference between the reference allele (variation interval) at the placement reported in HGVS name and the reference alleles reported in other HGVS names, and "rev" means that the sequence of this variation interval at the placement reported in HGVS name is in reverse orientation to the sequence(s) of this variation in other HGVS names not labeled as "rev".

Placement C= G
GRCh38.p14 chr 6 NC_000006.12:g.18143724= NC_000006.12:g.18143724C>G
GRCh37.p13 chr 6 NC_000006.11:g.18143955= NC_000006.11:g.18143955C>G
TPMT RefSeqGene (LRG_874) NG_012137.3:g.16420= NG_012137.3:g.16420G>C
TPMT transcript variant 1 NM_000367.5:c.238= NM_000367.5:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript variant 1 NM_000367.4:c.238= NM_000367.4:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript NM_000367.3:c.238= NM_000367.3:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript NM_000367.2:c.238= NM_000367.2:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript variant 2 NM_001346817.1:c.238= NM_001346817.1:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript variant 3 NM_001346818.1:c.238= NM_001346818.1:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript variant X1 XM_047419289.1:c.238= XM_047419289.1:c.238G>C
TPMT transcript variant X2 XM_047419290.1:c.238= XM_047419290.1:c.238G>C
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform 1 NP_000358.1:p.Ala80= NP_000358.1:p.Ala80Pro
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform 1 NP_001333746.1:p.Ala80= NP_001333746.1:p.Ala80Pro
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform 2 NP_001333747.1:p.Ala80= NP_001333747.1:p.Ala80Pro
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform X1 XP_047275245.1:p.Ala80= XP_047275245.1:p.Ala80Pro
thiopurine S-methyltransferase isoform X2 XP_047275246.1:p.Ala80= XP_047275246.1:p.Ala80Pro
Help

Submissions tab displays variations originally submitted to dbSNP, now supporting this RefSNP cluster (rs). We display Submitter handle, Submission identifier, Date and Build number, when the submission appeared for the first time. Direct submissions to dbSNP have Submission ID in the form of an ss-prefixed number (ss#). Other supporting variations are listed in the table without ss#.

65 SubSNP, 16 Frequency, 1 ClinVar submissions
No Submitter Submission ID Date (Build)
1 HGBASE ss2420556 Nov 14, 2000 (89)
2 CGM_KYOTO ss76875475 Dec 06, 2007 (129)
3 BCM-HGSC-SUB ss207734448 Jul 04, 2010 (132)
4 OMICIA ss244238583 Aug 29, 2012 (137)
5 OMIM-CURATED-RECORDS ss275515907 Nov 29, 2010 (133)
6 NHLBI-ESP ss342202130 May 09, 2011 (134)
7 1000GENOMES ss458700776 Sep 17, 2011 (135)
8 1000GENOMES ss490920231 May 04, 2012 (137)
9 EXOME_CHIP ss491378166 May 04, 2012 (137)
10 CLINSEQ_SNP ss491881239 May 04, 2012 (137)
11 ILLUMINA ss780845876 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
12 ILLUMINA ss783529423 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
13 EVA-GONL ss982638345 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
14 1000GENOMES ss1319172910 Aug 21, 2014 (142)
15 EVA_GENOME_DK ss1581553331 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
16 EVA_DECODE ss1592188721 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
17 EVA_UK10K_ALSPAC ss1615060673 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
18 EVA_UK10K_TWINSUK ss1658054706 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
19 EVA_EXAC ss1688172487 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
20 EVA_MGP ss1711113296 Apr 01, 2015 (144)
21 ILLUMINA ss1752617971 Sep 08, 2015 (146)
22 ILLUMINA ss1917799672 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
23 WEILL_CORNELL_DGM ss1925894498 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
24 ILLUMINA ss1946168683 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
25 ILLUMINA ss1958867474 Feb 12, 2016 (147)
26 HUMAN_LONGEVITY ss2282198733 Dec 20, 2016 (150)
27 GNOMAD ss2735561655 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
28 GNOMAD ss2747554118 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
29 GNOMAD ss2836354025 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
30 AFFY ss2985355007 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
31 AFFY ss2985984217 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
32 SWEGEN ss2998599312 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
33 ILLUMINA ss3022579722 Nov 08, 2017 (151)
34 ILLUMINA ss3629456213 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
35 ILLUMINA ss3635046810 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
36 ILLUMINA ss3640754106 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
37 ILLUMINA ss3644901746 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
38 ILLUMINA ss3653088337 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
39 ILLUMINA ss3654123239 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
40 EGCUT_WGS ss3666529135 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
41 EVA_DECODE ss3716687399 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
42 ILLUMINA ss3726314886 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
43 ILLUMINA ss3744546301 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
44 ILLUMINA ss3745346896 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
45 PAGE_CC ss3771266120 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
46 ILLUMINA ss3772840684 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
47 EVA ss3824158501 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
48 EVA ss3825690607 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
49 EVA ss3984448415 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
50 EVA ss3986337297 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
51 TOPMED ss4695327273 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
52 EVA ss6234523216 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
53 EVA ss6297654078 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
54 EVA ss6349657877 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
55 GNOMAD ss6426752156 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
56 GNOMAD ss6707994729 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
57 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss8267581496 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
58 EVA ss8364131430 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
59 HUGCELL_USP ss8465357356 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
60 EVA ss8512473850 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
61 1000G_HIGH_COVERAGE ss8553087414 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
62 SANFORD_IMAGENETICS ss8639870511 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
63 EVA ss8848082790 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
64 EVA ss8882861039 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
65 EVA ss8968372878 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
66 1000Genomes NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
67 1000Genomes_30X NC_000006.12 - 18143724 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
68 The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
69 Genetic variation in the Estonian population NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
70 ExAC NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
71 The Danish reference pan genome NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
72 gnomAD v4 - Exomes NC_000006.12 - 18143724 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
73 gnomAD v4 - Genomes NC_000006.12 - 18143724 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
74 Genome of the Netherlands Release 5 NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
75 Medical Genome Project healthy controls from Spanish population NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
76 The PAGE Study NC_000006.12 - 18143724 Jul 13, 2019 (153)
77 MxGDAR/Encodat-PGx NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
78 Qatari NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Apr 26, 2020 (154)
79 TopMed NC_000006.12 - 18143724 Apr 26, 2021 (155)
80 UK 10K study - Twins NC_000006.11 - 18143955 Oct 12, 2018 (152)
81 ALFA NC_000006.12 - 18143724 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
82 ClinVar RCV000013558.12 Nov 02, 2024 (157)
Help

History tab displays RefSNPs (Associated ID) from previous builds (Build) that now support the current RefSNP, and the dates, when the history was updated for each Associated ID (History Updated).

Added to this RefSNP Cluster:
Submission IDs Observation SPDI Canonical SPDI Source RSIDs
ss207734448, ss491881239, ss1592188721 NC_000006.10:18251933:C:G NC_000006.12:18143723:C:G (self)
30924005, 17225344, 12267383, 8192500, 7718270, 7641785, 229056, 1416, 7936428, 17225344, ss342202130, ss458700776, ss490920231, ss491378166, ss780845876, ss783529423, ss982638345, ss1319172910, ss1581553331, ss1615060673, ss1658054706, ss1688172487, ss1711113296, ss1752617971, ss1917799672, ss1925894498, ss1946168683, ss1958867474, ss2735561655, ss2747554118, ss2836354025, ss2985355007, ss2985984217, ss2998599312, ss3022579722, ss3629456213, ss3635046810, ss3640754106, ss3644901746, ss3653088337, ss3654123239, ss3666529135, ss3744546301, ss3745346896, ss3772840684, ss3824158501, ss3825690607, ss3984448415, ss3986337297, ss6234523216, ss6297654078, ss6349657877, ss8364131430, ss8512473850, ss8639870511, ss8848082790, ss8968372878 NC_000006.11:18143954:C:G NC_000006.12:18143723:C:G (self)
RCV000013558.12, 40613349, 22063103, 234764292, 487589, 532704831, 9093938368, ss244238583, ss275515907, ss2282198733, ss3716687399, ss3726314886, ss3771266120, ss4695327273, ss6426752156, ss6707994729, ss8267581496, ss8465357356, ss8553087414, ss8882861039 NC_000006.12:18143723:C:G NC_000006.12:18143723:C:G (self)
ss2420556, ss76875475 NT_007592.15:18083954:C:G NC_000006.12:18143723:C:G (self)
Help

Publications tab displays PubMed articles citing the variation as a listing of PMID, Title, Author, Year, Journal, ordered by Year, descending.

47 citations for rs1800462
PMID Title Author Year Journal
1960624 Altered mercaptopurine metabolism, toxic effects, and dosage requirement in a thiopurine methyltransferase-deficient child with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Evans WE et al. 1991 The Journal of pediatrics
7862671 A single point mutation leading to loss of catalytic activity in human thiopurine S-methyltransferase. Krynetski EY et al. 1995 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
8644731 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency: two nucleotide transitions define the most prevalent mutant allele associated with loss of catalytic activity in Caucasians. Tai HL et al. 1996 American journal of human genetics
9177237 Enhanced proteolysis of thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) encoded by mutant alleles in humans (TPMT*3A, TPMT*2): mechanisms for the genetic polymorphism of TPMT activity. Tai HL et al. 1997 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
9931345 Thiopurine methyltransferase alleles in British and Ghanaian populations. Ameyaw MM et al. 1999 Human molecular genetics
18547414 Genotyping panel for assessing response to cancer chemotherapy. Dai Z et al. 2008 BMC medical genomics
18685564 Genetic polymorphism of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase is a determinant of mercaptopurine metabolism and toxicity during treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Stocco G et al. 2009 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
20855458 Ecto-5'-nucleotidase and thiopurine cellular circulation: association with cytotoxicity. Li F et al. 2010 Drug metabolism and disposition
21395650 Determinants of mercaptopurine toxicity in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia maintenance therapy. Adam de Beaumais T et al. 2011 British journal of clinical pharmacology
22385887 High prevalence of polymorphism and low activity of thiopurine methyltransferase in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Larussa T et al. 2012 European journal of internal medicine
22871999 Concordance of DMET plus genotyping results with those of orthogonal genotyping methods. Fernandez CA et al. 2012 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
23133420 Pharmacogenomic Diversity among Brazilians: Influence of Ancestry, Self-Reported Color, and Geographical Origin. Suarez-Kurtz G et al. 2012 Frontiers in pharmacology
23335936 Multilocus genotypes of relevance for drug metabolizing enzymes and therapy with thiopurines in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Stocco G et al. 2012 Frontiers in genetics
24232128 Genotype and allele frequencies of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporter genes affecting immunosuppressants in the Spanish white population. Bosó V et al. 2014 Therapeutic drug monitoring
24762746 New genetic biomarkers predicting azathioprine blood concentrations in combination therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid. Uchiyama K et al. 2014 PloS one
24860591 Imputation of TPMT defective alleles for the identification of patients with high-risk phenotypes. Almoguera B et al. 2014 Frontiers in genetics
24944790 Screening for 392 polymorphisms in 141 pharmacogenes. Kim JY et al. 2014 Biomedical reports
25419701 Exploring the distribution of genetic markers of pharmacogenomics relevance in Brazilian and Mexican populations. Bonifaz-Peña V et al. 2014 PloS one
25741362 Use of pharmacogenomics in pediatric renal transplant recipients. Medeiros M et al. 2015 Frontiers in genetics
26878724 NUDT15 polymorphisms alter thiopurine metabolism and hematopoietic toxicity. Moriyama T et al. 2016 Nature genetics
27294413 Human genome meeting 2016 : Houston, TX, USA. 28 February - 2 March 2016. Srivastava AK et al. 2016 Human genomics
27307154 A Simple Method for TPMT and ITPA Genotyping Using Multiplex HRMA for Patients Treated with Thiopurine Drugs. Skrzypczak-Zielinska M et al. 2016 Molecular diagnosis & therapy
27564568 Genomewide Approach Validates Thiopurine Methyltransferase Activity Is a Monogenic Pharmacogenomic Trait. Liu C et al. 2017 Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
27618021 Pharmacogenomics in Pediatric Oncology: Review of Gene-Drug Associations for Clinical Use. Mlakar V et al. 2016 International journal of molecular sciences
27636550 A European Spectrum of Pharmacogenomic Biomarkers: Implications for Clinical Pharmacogenomics. Mizzi C et al. 2016 PloS one
28462921 One amino acid makes a difference-Characterization of a new TPMT allele and the influence of SAM on TPMT stability. Iu YPH et al. 2017 Scientific reports
28476189 Analysis of Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase Deficient Alleles in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients in Mexican Patients. Jiménez-Morales S et al. 2016 Archives of medical research
29193749 Clinical Implementation of Pharmacogenetic Testing in a Hospital of the Spanish National Health System: Strategy and Experience Over 3 Years. Borobia AM et al. 2018 Clinical and translational science
29264794 High frequency of mutant thiopurine S-methyltransferase genotypes in Mexican patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Ramirez-Florencio M et al. 2018 Clinical rheumatology
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31019283 Secondary actionable findings identified by exome sequencing: expected impact on the organisation of care from the study of 700 consecutive tests. Thauvin-Robinet C et al. 2019 European journal of human genetics
31446180 Genotype-based Treatment With Thiopurine Reduces Incidence of Myelosuppression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Chang JY et al. 2020 Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology
31507415 ITPA, TPMT, and NUDT15 Genetic Polymorphisms Predict 6-Mercaptopurine Toxicity in Middle Eastern Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Moradveisi B et al. 2019 Frontiers in pharmacology
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32704308 Thiopurine S-methyltransferase genetic polymorphisms in adult patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in the Latvian population. Zalizko P et al. 2020 Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology
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33519226 Genetic Diversity of Drug-Related Genes in Native Americans of the Brazilian Amazon. Fernandes MR et al. 2021 Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
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34621706 Comprehensive analysis of important pharmacogenes in Koreans using the DMET™ platform. Kim B et al. 2021 Translational and clinical pharmacology
34629890 NUDT15 c.415C>T Polymorphism Predicts 6-MP Induced Early Myelotoxicity in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Undergoing Maintenance Therapy. Pai AA et al. 2021 Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
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Help

The Flanks tab provides retrieving flanking sequences of a SNP on all molecules that have placements.

Genome context:
Select flank length:

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products
Top Help

NCBI Graphical Sequence Viewer display of the genomic region, transcripts and protein products for the reported RefSNP (rs).
Use the zoom option to view the nucleotides around the RefSNP and find other neighboring RefSNPs.
Visit Sequence Viewer for help with navigating inside the display and modifying the selection of displayed data tracks.

Software version is: 2.0.1.post825+45319f0