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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

MedGen UID:
1713342
Concept ID:
C5391534
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: MIS-C associated with COVID-19; MISC associated with COVID-19; multi-system inflammatory disease, pediatric, COVID-19 related; multi-system inflammatory syndrome, pediatric, COVID-19 related; multisystem inflammatory disease, pediatric, COVID-19 related; multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children MIS-C associated with COVID-19; multisystem inflammatory syndrome, pediatric, COVID-19 related; pediatric multi-system inflammatory disease, COVID-19 related; pediatric multi-system inflammatory syndrome, COVID-19 related; pediatric multi-system inflammatory syndrome, SARS-CoV-2 related; pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease, COVID-19 related; pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, COVID-19 related; pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, SARS-CoV-2 related; PIMS-TS
SNOMED CT: Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (895448002); MIS-C - multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (895448002); Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (895448002); Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (895448002); PIMS-TS - pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (895448002); PIMS - pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (895448002)

Definition

A rare syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 in children, marked by persistent fever, inflammation (neutrophilia, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), and lymphopenia), poor function in one or more organs, and other specific clinical and laboratory features not attributable to other infections. The characteristics of this syndrome appear to be similar to toxic shock syndrome and Kawasaki disease. The following variable signs and symptoms have been most commonly reported to date: coagulopathy, cardiac dysfunction, diarrhea, abdominal distension, other GI symptoms (with some children having positive stool tests for SARS-CoV-2), and acute kidney injury. Respiratory symptoms are not always a prominent feature in these cases. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Kuo HC
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Sep 11;24(18) doi: 10.3390/ijms241813948. PMID: 37762250Free PMC Article
Santos MO, Gonçalves LC, Silva PAN, Moreira ALE, Ito CRM, Peixoto FAO, Wastowski IJ, Carneiro LC, Avelino MAG
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022 Jul-Aug;98(4):338-349. Epub 2021 Dec 3 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.08.006. PMID: 34863701Free PMC Article
Jagzape T, Goel AK
Indian Pediatr 2021 Feb 15;58(2):191. doi: 10.1007/s13312-021-2146-1. PMID: 33632962Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Day-Lewis M, Son MBF, Lo MS
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024 Oct;8(10):781-792. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00169-X. PMID: 39299749
Rao S, Gross RS, Mohandas S, Stein CR, Case A, Dreyer B, Pajor NM, Bunnell HT, Warburton D, Berg E, Overdevest JB, Gorelik M, Milner J, Saxena S, Jhaveri R, Wood JC, Rhee KE, Letts R, Maughan C, Guthe N, Castro-Baucom L, Stockwell MS
Pediatrics 2024 Mar 1;153(3) doi: 10.1542/peds.2023-062570. PMID: 38321938Free PMC Article
Kuo HC
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Sep 11;24(18) doi: 10.3390/ijms241813948. PMID: 37762250Free PMC Article
Zhang HP, Sun YL, Wang YF, Yazici D, Azkur D, Ogulur I, Azkur AK, Yang ZW, Chen XX, Zhang AZ, Hu JQ, Liu GH, Akdis M, Akdis CA, Gao YD
Allergy 2023 Feb;78(2):369-388. Epub 2022 Dec 5 doi: 10.1111/all.15593. PMID: 36420736Free PMC Article
Nikolopoulou GB, Maltezou HC
Arch Med Res 2022 Jan;53(1):1-8. Epub 2021 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.07.002. PMID: 34311990Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Day-Lewis M, Son MBF, Lo MS
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024 Oct;8(10):781-792. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00169-X. PMID: 39299749
Kuo HC
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Sep 11;24(18) doi: 10.3390/ijms241813948. PMID: 37762250Free PMC Article
Noval Rivas M, Arditi M
Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2023 Aug;49(3):647-659. Epub 2023 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2023.03.002. PMID: 37331738Free PMC Article
Long A, Kleiner A, Looney RJ
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023 Jan;151(1):70-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.11.001. PMID: 36608984
Patel JM
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2022 May;22(5):53-60. Epub 2022 Mar 22 doi: 10.1007/s11882-022-01031-4. PMID: 35314921Free PMC Article

Therapy

Day-Lewis M, Son MBF, Lo MS
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024 Oct;8(10):781-792. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00169-X. PMID: 39299749
Zhang HP, Sun YL, Wang YF, Yazici D, Azkur D, Ogulur I, Azkur AK, Yang ZW, Chen XX, Zhang AZ, Hu JQ, Liu GH, Akdis M, Akdis CA, Gao YD
Allergy 2023 Feb;78(2):369-388. Epub 2022 Dec 5 doi: 10.1111/all.15593. PMID: 36420736Free PMC Article
Patil P, Mundada V
Arch Dis Child 2023 Jan;108(1):24-25. Epub 2022 Aug 10 doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2022-324614. PMID: 35948403
Jain E, Donowitz JR, Aarons E, Marshall BC, Miller MP
Emerg Infect Dis 2022 May;28(5):990-993. Epub 2022 Mar 11 doi: 10.3201/eid2805.212418. PMID: 35275051Free PMC Article
Bhat CS, Shetty R, Ramesh D, Banu A, Ramanan AV
Indian Pediatr 2021 Oct 15;58(10):994-996. doi: 10.1007/s13312-021-2340-1. PMID: 34636334Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Day-Lewis M, Son MBF, Lo MS
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024 Oct;8(10):781-792. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00169-X. PMID: 39299749
Henderson LA, Canna SW, Friedman KG, Gorelik M, Lapidus SK, Bassiri H, Behrens EM, Kernan KF, Schulert GS, Seo P, Son MBF, Tremoulet AH, VanderPluym C, Yeung RSM, Mudano AS, Turner AS, Karp DR, Mehta JJ
Arthritis Rheumatol 2022 Apr;74(4):e1-e20. Epub 2022 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/art.42062. PMID: 35118829Free PMC Article
Santos MO, Gonçalves LC, Silva PAN, Moreira ALE, Ito CRM, Peixoto FAO, Wastowski IJ, Carneiro LC, Avelino MAG
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022 Jul-Aug;98(4):338-349. Epub 2021 Dec 3 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.08.006. PMID: 34863701Free PMC Article
Nikolopoulou GB, Maltezou HC
Arch Med Res 2022 Jan;53(1):1-8. Epub 2021 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.07.002. PMID: 34311990Free PMC Article
Ramaswamy A, Brodsky NN, Sumida TS, Comi M, Asashima H, Hoehn KB, Li N, Liu Y, Shah A, Ravindra NG, Bishai J, Khan A, Lau W, Sellers B, Bansal N, Guerrerio P, Unterman A, Habet V, Rice AJ, Catanzaro J, Chandnani H, Lopez M, Kaminski N, Dela Cruz CS, Tsang JS, Wang Z, Yan X, Kleinstein SH, van Dijk D, Pierce RW, Hafler DA, Lucas CL
Immunity 2021 May 11;54(5):1083-1095.e7. Epub 2021 Apr 13 doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.003. PMID: 33891889Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Day-Lewis M, Son MBF, Lo MS
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024 Oct;8(10):781-792. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00169-X. PMID: 39299749
Rao S, Gross RS, Mohandas S, Stein CR, Case A, Dreyer B, Pajor NM, Bunnell HT, Warburton D, Berg E, Overdevest JB, Gorelik M, Milner J, Saxena S, Jhaveri R, Wood JC, Rhee KE, Letts R, Maughan C, Guthe N, Castro-Baucom L, Stockwell MS
Pediatrics 2024 Mar 1;153(3) doi: 10.1542/peds.2023-062570. PMID: 38321938Free PMC Article
Kuo HC
Int J Mol Sci 2023 Sep 11;24(18) doi: 10.3390/ijms241813948. PMID: 37762250Free PMC Article
Henderson LA, Canna SW, Friedman KG, Gorelik M, Lapidus SK, Bassiri H, Behrens EM, Kernan KF, Schulert GS, Seo P, Son MBF, Tremoulet AH, VanderPluym C, Yeung RSM, Mudano AS, Turner AS, Karp DR, Mehta JJ
Arthritis Rheumatol 2022 Apr;74(4):e1-e20. Epub 2022 Feb 3 doi: 10.1002/art.42062. PMID: 35118829Free PMC Article
Nikolopoulou GB, Maltezou HC
Arch Med Res 2022 Jan;53(1):1-8. Epub 2021 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.07.002. PMID: 34311990Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Shioji N, Sumie M, Englesakis M, Gilfoyle E, Maynes JT, Aoyama K
J Anesth 2024 Jun;38(3):309-320. Epub 2024 Mar 26 doi: 10.1007/s00540-024-03323-7. PMID: 38530453
Piechotta V, Siemens W, Thielemann I, Toews M, Koch J, Vygen-Bonnet S, Kothari K, Grummich K, Braun C, Kapp P, Labonté V, Wichmann O, Meerpohl JJ, Harder T
Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2023 Jun;7(6):379-391. Epub 2023 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(23)00078-0. PMID: 37084750Free PMC Article
Watanabe A, Kani R, Iwagami M, Takagi H, Yasuhara J, Kuno T
JAMA Pediatr 2023 Apr 1;177(4):384-394. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.6243. PMID: 36689319Free PMC Article
Yasuhara J, Masuda K, Watanabe K, Shirasu T, Takagi H, Sumitomo N, Lee S, Kuno T
Pediatr Cardiol 2023 Apr;44(4):892-907. Epub 2022 Nov 22 doi: 10.1007/s00246-022-03052-2. PMID: 36416893Free PMC Article
Santos MO, Gonçalves LC, Silva PAN, Moreira ALE, Ito CRM, Peixoto FAO, Wastowski IJ, Carneiro LC, Avelino MAG
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2022 Jul-Aug;98(4):338-349. Epub 2021 Dec 3 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.08.006. PMID: 34863701Free PMC Article

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