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Glipizide response

MedGen UID:
322023
•Concept ID:
C1832730
•
Finding
Synonym: Glipizide poor metabolizer
Drug:
Glipizide
MedGen UID:
4900
•Concept ID:
C0017642
•
Pharmacologic Substance
A short-acting, second-generation sulfonylurea with hypoglycemic activity. Glipizide is rapidly absorbed, has a very quick onset of action and a short half-life. This agent is extensively metabolized in the liver and the metabolites as well as the unchanged form are excreted in the urine. [from NCI]
Glipizide
 
Gene (location): G6PD (Xq28)
 
OMIM®: 601130

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Evaluating gliclazide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Tomlinson B, Li YH, Chan P
Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022 Dec;23(17):1869-1877. Epub 2022 Nov 10 doi: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2141108. PMID: 36300277
Home management of pediatric sulfonylurea ingestions.
Temple C, Hoang R, Kusin S
Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2022 Nov;60(11):1235-1239. Epub 2022 Oct 25 doi: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2125875. PMID: 36282178
Glipizide treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis and impaired glucose tolerance.
Culler FL, McKean LP, Buchanan CN, Caplan DB, Meacham LR
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1994 Apr;18(3):375-8. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199404000-00021. PMID: 8057224

Curated

Gammal et al, Expanded Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for Medication Use in the Context of G6PD Genotype. 2 Sept 2022. Clin Pharmacol Ther.

DailyMed Drug Label, glipizide, 2022

DailyMed Drug Label, GLIPIZIDE, 2019

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Genome-wide association analysis identifies ancestry-specific genetic variation associated with acute response to metformin and glipizide in SUGAR-MGH.
Li JH, Brenner LN, Kaur V, Figueroa K, Schroeder P, Huerta-Chagoya A; MAGIC Investigators; Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group, Udler MS, Leong A, Mercader JM, Florez JC
Diabetologia 2023 Jul;66(7):1260-1272. Epub 2023 May 26 doi: 10.1007/s00125-023-05922-7. PMID: 37233759Free PMC Article
Reflections on the sulphonylurea story: A drug class at risk of extinction or a drug class worth reviving?
Cordiner RLM, Pearson ER
Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Apr;21(4):761-771. Epub 2019 Feb 11 doi: 10.1111/dom.13596. PMID: 30471177
Effect of Tinospora cordifolia aqua-alcoholic extract on pharmacokinetic of Glibenclamide in rat: An herb-drug interaction study.
Sahu R, Ahmed T, Sangana R, Punde R, Subudhi BB
J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018 Mar 20;151:310-316. Epub 2018 Jan 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.01.010. PMID: 29413979
Ezetimibe: a review of its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions.
Kosoglou T, Statkevich P, Johnson-Levonas AO, Paolini JF, Bergman AJ, Alton KB
Clin Pharmacokinet 2005;44(5):467-94. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544050-00002. PMID: 15871634
Potentiation of the hypoglycaemic response to glipizide in diabetic patients by histamine H2-receptor antagonists.
Feely J, Collins WC, Cullen M, el Debani AH, MacWalter RS, Peden NR, Stevenson IH
Br J Clin Pharmacol 1993 Mar;35(3):321-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb05702.x. PMID: 8471413Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes subgroups and response to glucose-lowering therapy: Results from the EDICT and Qatar studies.
Abdul-Ghani T, Puckett C, Migahid O, Abdelgani S, Migahed A, Adams J, Triplitt C, DeFronzo R, Jayyousi A, Abdul-Ghani M
Diabetes Obes Metab 2022 Sep;24(9):1810-1818. Epub 2022 Jun 29 doi: 10.1111/dom.14767. PMID: 35581905
Pharmacophore modeling, homology modeling, and in silico screening reveal mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitory activities for sotalol, glyburide, metipranolol, sulfamethizole, glipizide, and pioglitazone.
Khanfar MA, AbuKhader MM, Alqtaishat S, Taha MO
J Mol Graph Model 2013 May;42:39-49. Epub 2013 Mar 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.02.009. PMID: 23545333
Influence of genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmaco-dynamics of sulfonylurea drugs.
Xu H, Murray M, McLachlan AJ
Curr Drug Metab 2009 Jul;10(6):643-58. doi: 10.2174/138920009789375388. PMID: 19799532
The role of sulphonylureas in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Rendell M
Drugs 2004;64(12):1339-58. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200464120-00006. PMID: 15200348
Pharmacological and molecular characterization of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in the TE671 human medulloblastoma cell line.
Miller TR, Taber RD, Molinari EJ, Whiteaker KL, Monteggia LM, Scott VE, Brioni JD, Sullivan JP, Gopalakrishnan M
Eur J Pharmacol 1999 Apr 9;370(2):179-85. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00128-4. PMID: 10323267

Therapy

Genome-wide association analysis identifies ancestry-specific genetic variation associated with acute response to metformin and glipizide in SUGAR-MGH.
Li JH, Brenner LN, Kaur V, Figueroa K, Schroeder P, Huerta-Chagoya A; MAGIC Investigators; Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group, Udler MS, Leong A, Mercader JM, Florez JC
Diabetologia 2023 Jul;66(7):1260-1272. Epub 2023 May 26 doi: 10.1007/s00125-023-05922-7. PMID: 37233759Free PMC Article
Reflections on the sulphonylurea story: A drug class at risk of extinction or a drug class worth reviving?
Cordiner RLM, Pearson ER
Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Apr;21(4):761-771. Epub 2019 Feb 11 doi: 10.1111/dom.13596. PMID: 30471177
Sitagliptin.
Lyseng-Williamson KA
Drugs 2007;67(4):587-97. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200767040-00007. PMID: 17352516
Potentiation of the hypoglycaemic response to glipizide in diabetic patients by histamine H2-receptor antagonists.
Feely J, Collins WC, Cullen M, el Debani AH, MacWalter RS, Peden NR, Stevenson IH
Br J Clin Pharmacol 1993 Mar;35(3):321-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb05702.x. PMID: 8471413Free PMC Article
Glipizide: an overview.
Shuman CR
Am J Med 1983 Nov 30;75(5B):55-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90254-1. PMID: 6369968

Prognosis

Insulin Secretion Predicts the Response to Antidiabetic Therapy in Patients With New-onset Diabetes.
Abdelgani S, Puckett C, Adams J, Triplitt C, DeFronzo RA, Abdul-Ghani M
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Nov 19;106(12):3497-3504. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab403. PMID: 34343296Free PMC Article
A girl with permanent neonatal diabetes due to KCNJ11 mutation presented with Mauriac syndrome after improper adjustment in sulfonylurea dosage over 6 years.
Chai-Udom R, Sahakitrungruang T, Wacharasindhu S, Supornsilchai V
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2016 Sep 1;29(9):1095-101. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2016-0065. PMID: 27428845
Response to intensive therapy steps and to glipizide dose in combination with insulin in type 2 diabetes. VA feasibility study on glycemic control and complications (VA CSDM).
Abraira C, Henderson WG, Colwell JA, Nuttall FQ, Comstock JP, Emanuele NV, Levin SR, Sawin CT, Silbert CK
Diabetes Care 1998 Apr;21(4):574-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.4.574. PMID: 9571345
Prospective multicenter study of sulfonylurea ingestion in children.
Spiller HA, Villalobos D, Krenzelok EP, Anderson BD, Gorman SE, Rose SR, Fenn J, Anderson DL, Muir SJ, Rodgers GC Jr
J Pediatr 1997 Jul;131(1 Pt 1):141-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(97)70138-0. PMID: 9255206
Influence of sulfonylureas on the secretion, disposal and effect of insulin.
Almér LO, Johansson E, Melander A, Wåhlin-Boll E
Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1982;22(1):27-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00606421. PMID: 7047169

Clinical prediction guides

Effect of Tinospora cordifolia aqua-alcoholic extract on pharmacokinetic of Glibenclamide in rat: An herb-drug interaction study.
Sahu R, Ahmed T, Sangana R, Punde R, Subudhi BB
J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018 Mar 20;151:310-316. Epub 2018 Jan 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.01.010. PMID: 29413979
Pharmacophore modeling, homology modeling, and in silico screening reveal mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitory activities for sotalol, glyburide, metipranolol, sulfamethizole, glipizide, and pioglitazone.
Khanfar MA, AbuKhader MM, Alqtaishat S, Taha MO
J Mol Graph Model 2013 May;42:39-49. Epub 2013 Mar 13 doi: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.02.009. PMID: 23545333
Ezetimibe: a review of its metabolism, pharmacokinetics and drug interactions.
Kosoglou T, Statkevich P, Johnson-Levonas AO, Paolini JF, Bergman AJ, Alton KB
Clin Pharmacokinet 2005;44(5):467-94. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544050-00002. PMID: 15871634
Pharmacokinetics of glyburide.
Pearson JG
Am J Med 1985 Sep 20;79(3B):67-71. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(85)80010-3. PMID: 3931464
Glipizide: an overview.
Shuman CR
Am J Med 1983 Nov 30;75(5B):55-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90254-1. PMID: 6369968

Recent systematic reviews

Clinical pharmacokinetics of glipizide: a systematic review.
Khan H, Zamir A, Imran I, Saeed H, Alqahtani F, Majeed A, Aziz M, Rasool MF
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2025 Jan;21(1):69-79. Epub 2024 Sep 12 doi: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2402478. PMID: 39267225

Supplemental Content

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    Curated

    • CPIC, 2022
      Gammal et al, Expanded Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline for Medication Use in the Context of G6PD Genotype. 2 Sept 2022. Clin Pharmacol Ther.
    • DailyMed Drug Label, 2022
      DailyMed Drug Label, glipizide, 2022
    • DailyMed Drug Label, 2019
      DailyMed Drug Label, GLIPIZIDE, 2019

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

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