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Lingual thyroid

MedGen UID:
78592
•Concept ID:
C0266284
•
Congenital Abnormality
Synonyms: Lingual Thyroid; Lingual Thyroids; Thyroid, Lingual; Thyroids, Lingual
SNOMED CT: Lingual thyroid (129123002); Lingual thyroid (21279007); Structure of lingual thyroid (129123002); Sublingual thyroid gland (21279007)
 
HPO: HP:0100029

Definition

An aberrant thyroid gland or Ectopic thyroid located at the base of the tongue, just posterior to the foramen cecum as a result of a failure of the thyroid to descend. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Lingual thyroid

Conditions with this feature

PHACE syndrome
MedGen UID:
376231
•Concept ID:
C1847874
•
Disease or Syndrome
PHACE is an acronym for a neurocutaneous syndrome encompassing the following features: posterior fossa brain malformations, hemangiomas of the face (large or complex), arterial anomalies, cardiac anomalies, and eye abnormalities. The association is referred to as PHACES when ventral developmental defects, such as sternal clefting or supraumbilical raphe, are present (summary by Bracken et al., 2011).
See: Condition Record
PHACE syndrome

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Thyroid tissue outside the thyroid gland: Differential diagnosis and associated diagnostic challenges.
Barbieri A, Prasad ML, Gilani SM
Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 Oct;48:151584. Epub 2020 Aug 15 doi: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151584. PMID: 32871503
Normal variations of oral anatomy and common oral soft tissue lesions: evaluation and management.
Madani FM, Kuperstein AS
Med Clin North Am 2014 Nov;98(6):1281-98. Epub 2014 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2014.08.004. PMID: 25443677
The lingual thyroid. Its diagnosis and treatment.
Katz AD, Zager WJ
Arch Surg 1971 Jun;102(6):582-5. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1971.01350060046013. PMID: 5577049

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Does surgical management still play a role in the management of ectopic lingual thyroid: Institutional experience and systematic review of the literature.
Sauer AB, Dowling EM, Bauman MMJ, Moore EJ, Carlson ML, Van Abel KM
Am J Otolaryngol 2022 May-Jun;43(3):103461. Epub 2022 Apr 8 doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103461. PMID: 35427937
A large lingual thyroid extending to the epiglottis.
Eryilmaz A, Basal Y
BMJ Case Rep 2015 Nov 11;2015 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-212201. PMID: 26563340Free PMC Article
Incidental lingual thyroid informs surgery.
Goode A, McKellar C, Carter M, Skelly L, Greene L, Roy G, Haase M, Currie GM
J Nucl Med Technol 2015 Mar;43(1):66-7. Epub 2014 Sep 4 doi: 10.2967/jnmt.114.142075. PMID: 25190734
Radiofrequency ablation of lingual thyroid.
Dasari SD, Bashetty NK, Prayaga NS
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007 Mar;136(3):498-9. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.07.021. PMID: 17321889
Carcinoma of the lingual thyroid.
Potdar GG, Desai PB
Laryngoscope 1971 Mar;81(3):427-9. doi: 10.1288/00005537-197103000-00012. PMID: 4251886

Diagnosis

Lingual thyroid.
Kim YJ, Park JH
QJM 2019 Jul 1;112(7):541-542. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy304. PMID: 30629249
Lingual thyroid.
Bakshi SS
Med Clin (Barc) 2017 Jun 7;148(11):530. Epub 2016 Oct 15 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.07.029. PMID: 27756465
Lingual thyroid.
Chen HW, Lai CC
J Emerg Med 2015 Apr;48(4):e103-4. Epub 2015 Jan 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.10.025. PMID: 25605321
Lingual thyroid.
Gonciulea A, Cooper DS, Salvatori R
Endocrine 2014 Jun;46(2):355-6. Epub 2013 Nov 23 doi: 10.1007/s12020-013-0100-2. PMID: 24272590
Lingual thyroid.
Arekapudi SR, Varma DR
Pediatr Radiol 2007 Sep;37(9):940. Epub 2007 Jul 11 doi: 10.1007/s00247-007-0520-3. PMID: 17622523

Therapy

Lingual thyroid.
Gonciulea A, Cooper DS, Salvatori R
Endocrine 2014 Jun;46(2):355-6. Epub 2013 Nov 23 doi: 10.1007/s12020-013-0100-2. PMID: 24272590
Iodine 131 and lingual thyroid.
Iglesias P, Olmos-García R, Riva B, Díez JJ
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008 Nov;93(11):4198-9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2008-0909. PMID: 18987278
Lingual thyroid.
Nakamura S, Isaji M, Ishimori M, Ojio K
Intern Med 2002 Oct;41(10):905-6. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.41.905. PMID: 12413023
Lingual thyroid.
Akyol MU, Ozcan M
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1996 Nov;115(5):483-4. doi: 10.1177/019459989611500522. PMID: 8903452
Lingual thyroid and lingual thyroglossal tract remnants. A clinical and histopathologic study with review of the literature.
Baughman RA
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1972 Nov;34(5):781-99. doi: 10.1016/0030-4220(72)90296-4. PMID: 4564912

Prognosis

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in lingual thyroid.
Sturniolo G, Violi MA, Galletti B, Baldari S, Campennì A, Vermiglio F, Moleti M
Endocrine 2016 Jan;51(1):189-98. Epub 2015 May 19 doi: 10.1007/s12020-015-0593-y. PMID: 25987346
A large lingual thyroid extending to the epiglottis.
Eryilmaz A, Basal Y
BMJ Case Rep 2015 Nov 11;2015 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-212201. PMID: 26563340Free PMC Article
Normal variations of oral anatomy and common oral soft tissue lesions: evaluation and management.
Madani FM, Kuperstein AS
Med Clin North Am 2014 Nov;98(6):1281-98. Epub 2014 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2014.08.004. PMID: 25443677
Radiofrequency ablation of lingual thyroid.
Dasari SD, Bashetty NK, Prayaga NS
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007 Mar;136(3):498-9. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.07.021. PMID: 17321889
Carcinoma of the lingual thyroid.
Potdar GG, Desai PB
Laryngoscope 1971 Mar;81(3):427-9. doi: 10.1288/00005537-197103000-00012. PMID: 4251886

Clinical prediction guides

Does surgical management still play a role in the management of ectopic lingual thyroid: Institutional experience and systematic review of the literature.
Sauer AB, Dowling EM, Bauman MMJ, Moore EJ, Carlson ML, Van Abel KM
Am J Otolaryngol 2022 May-Jun;43(3):103461. Epub 2022 Apr 8 doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103461. PMID: 35427937
Whole-Exome Sequencing in Congenital Hypothyroidism Due to Thyroid Dysgenesis.
Larrivée-Vanier S, Jean-Louis M, Magne F, Bui H, Rouleau GA, Spiegelman D, Samuels ME, Kibar Z, Van Vliet G, Deladoëy J
Thyroid 2022 May;32(5):486-495. Epub 2022 Apr 25 doi: 10.1089/thy.2021.0597. PMID: 35272499Free PMC Article
Ultrasound Imaging of Cervical Anatomic Variants.
Cordes M, Coerper S, Kuwert T, Schmidkonz C
Curr Med Imaging 2021;17(8):966-972. doi: 10.2174/1573405617666210127162328. PMID: 33504311Free PMC Article
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in lingual thyroid.
Sturniolo G, Violi MA, Galletti B, Baldari S, Campennì A, Vermiglio F, Moleti M
Endocrine 2016 Jan;51(1):189-98. Epub 2015 May 19 doi: 10.1007/s12020-015-0593-y. PMID: 25987346
Lingual thyroid and hyperthyroidism: a new case and review of the literature.
Abdallah-Matta MP, Dubarry PH, Pessey JJ, Caron P
J Endocrinol Invest 2002 Mar;25(3):264-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03344002. PMID: 11936471

Recent systematic reviews

Does surgical management still play a role in the management of ectopic lingual thyroid: Institutional experience and systematic review of the literature.
Sauer AB, Dowling EM, Bauman MMJ, Moore EJ, Carlson ML, Van Abel KM
Am J Otolaryngol 2022 May-Jun;43(3):103461. Epub 2022 Apr 8 doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103461. PMID: 35427937
Is Transoral Robotic Surgery the Best Surgical Treatment for Lingual Thyroid? A Case-Report and Literature Review.
D'Andréa G, Vairel B, Vandersteen C, Chabrillac E, Vergez S, Bonnecaze G
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2022 Jan;131(1):39-51. Epub 2021 Apr 10 doi: 10.1177/00034894211007251. PMID: 33843266
TORS excision of lingual thyroid carcinoma: Technique and systematic review.
Vincent A, Jategaonkar A, Kadakia S, Ducic Y
Am J Otolaryngol 2019 May-Jun;40(3):435-439. Epub 2019 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.02.013. PMID: 30833008
Transoral robotic excision of ectopic lingual thyroid: Case series and literature review.
Prisman E, Patsias A, Genden EM
Head Neck 2015 Aug;37(8):E88-91. Epub 2015 May 26 doi: 10.1002/hed.23757. PMID: 24816912

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