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. 2023 Aug 11;13(34):24129-24139.
doi: 10.1039/d3ra03408a. eCollection 2023 Aug 4.

Production and characterization of lipopeptide biosurfactant from a new strain of Pseudomonas antarctica 28E using crude glycerol as a carbon source

Dominika Ciurko  1 , Alif Chebbi  2 , Mateusz Kruszelnicki  3 , Hanna Czapor-Irzabek  4 , Aneta K Urbanek  5 , Izabela Polowczyk  3 , Andrea Franzetti  6 , Tomasz Janek  1
Affiliations

Production and characterization of lipopeptide biosurfactant from a new strain of Pseudomonas antarctica 28E using crude glycerol as a carbon source

Dominika Ciurko et al. RSC Adv. .

Abstract

Pseudomonas is a cosmopolitan genus of bacteria found in soil, water, organic matter, plants and animals and known for the production of glycolipid and lipopeptide biosurfactants. In this study bacteria (laboratory collection number 28E) isolated from soil collected in Spitsbergen were used for biosurfactant production. 16S rRNA sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) revealed that this isolate belongs to the species Pseudomonas antarctica. In the present study, crude glycerol, a raw material obtained from several industrial processes, was evaluated as a potential low-cost carbon source to reduce the costs of lipopeptide production. Among several tested glycerols, a waste product of stearin production, rich in nitrogen, iron and calcium, ensured optimal conditions for bacterial growth. Biosurfactant production was evidenced by a reduction of surface tension (ST) and an increase in the emulsification index (E24%). According to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), the biosurfactant was identified as viscosin. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of lipopeptide was determined to be 20 mg L-1. Interestingly, viscosin production has been reported previously for Pseudomonas viscosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas libanensis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on viscosin production by a P. antarctica 28E. The results indicated the potential of crude glycerol as a low-cost substrate to produce a lipopeptide biosurfactant with promising tensioactive and emulsifying properties.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Growth of P. antarctica 28E on MSM medium supplemented with (A) 2% and (B) 4% crude (G1–G5) and pure glycerol (G6). Error bars represent the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate experiments.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Growth curves (OD600), surface tension (ST, mN m−1), and glycerol consumption (g L−1) by P. antarctica 28E grown in MSM medium supplemented with (A) 2% and (B) 4% of crude glycerol (G5).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra: (A) viscosin, (B) surfactin standard.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. MS/MS spectra of pseudomolecular ion of viscosin at m/z 1148 (M + [Na+]) with the structure fragmentation.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) of purified viscosin.
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