Health status of prisoners in Canada: Narrative review
- PMID: 27427562
- PMCID: PMC4984599
Health status of prisoners in Canada: Narrative review
Abstract
Objective: To review the literature for quantitative research on the health status of persons in custody in provincial, territorial, and federal correctional facilities in Canada, and summarize recent evidence.
Quality of evidence: A search was performed in research databases and the websites of relevant Canadian governmental and non-governmental organizations for quantitative studies of health conducted between 1993 and 2014. Studies were included that provided quantitative data on health status for youth or adults who had been detained or incarcerated in a jail or prison in Canada.
Main message: The health status of this population is poor compared with the general Canadian population, as indicated by data on social determinants of health, mortality in custody, mental health, substance use, communicable diseases, and sexual and reproductive health. Little is known about mortality after release, chronic diseases, injury, reproductive health, and health care access and quality.
Conclusion: Health status data should be used to improve health care and to intervene to improve health for persons while in custody and after release, with potential benefits for all Canadians.
Objectif: Passer en revue la documentation portant sur les recherches quantitatives concernant l’état de santé des personnes en détention dans les établissements correctionnels provinciaux, territoriaux et fédéraux au Canada et faire la synthèse des données probantes récentes.
Qualité des données: Une recension a été effectuée dans les bases de données de recherche et les sites web des organisations gouvernementales et non gouvernementales canadiennes pour trouver des études quantitatives sur la santé réalisées entre 1993 et 2014. Les études qui comportaient des données quantitatives sur l’état de santé des jeunes ou des adultes détenus ou incarcérés dans une prison ou un établissement correctionnel au Canada ont été retenues.
Message principal: L’état de santé de cette population est médiocre par rapport à celui de la population canadienne en général, comme le font valoir les données sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé, la mortalité en détention, la santé mentale, la toxicomanie, les maladies transmissibles et la santé sexuelle et de la reproduction. On en sait très peu à propos de la mortalité, des maladies chroniques, des blessures, de la santé de la reproduction, de même qu’en ce qui a trait à l’accessibilité et à la qualité des soins de santé après la libération.
Conclusion: On devrait utiliser les données sur l’état de santé pour améliorer les soins de santé et intervenir pour que ces personnes soient en meilleure santé pendant et après leur détention, ce qui pourrait être bénéfique pour tous les Canadiens.
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