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COVID-19

MedGen UID:
1699653
Concept ID:
C5203670
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Coronavirus disease 2019
SNOMED CT: Disease caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (840539006); Disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (840539006); COVID-19 (840539006); Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (840539006)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0100096

Definition

An acute infection of the respiratory tract that is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Based on currently available information, SARS-CoV-2 is thought to mainly spread from person to person through respiratory droplets. Typically, there is a two- to 14-day incubation period and infected persons can present with no symptoms or mild to severe fever, dry cough, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. Dysgeusia, anosmia, and gastrointestinal and flu-like symptoms have also been reported. Older adults and persons of any age who have serious underlying medical conditions may be of higher risk for severe illness, including secondary infections, respiratory failure, and multi-organ dysfunction. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Douglas AP, Smibert OC, Bajel A, Halliday CL, Lavee O, McMullan B, Yong MK, van Hal SJ, Chen SC; Australasian Antifungal Guidelines Steering Committee
Intern Med J 2021 Nov;51 Suppl 7:143-176. doi: 10.1111/imj.15591. PMID: 34937136
Carod-Artal FJ
Rev Neurol 2021 Jun 1;72(11):384-396. doi: 10.33588/rn.7211.2021230. PMID: 34042167
Greenhalgh T, Knight M, A'Court C, Buxton M, Husain L
BMJ 2020 Aug 11;370:m3026. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m3026. PMID: 32784198

Curated

UK NICE Guideline NG191, COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing COVID-19, 2024

Guidance for COVID-19 and People With HIV, 2022 (ARCHIVED)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Vosko I, Zirlik A, Bugger H
Viruses 2023 Feb 11;15(2) doi: 10.3390/v15020508. PMID: 36851722Free PMC Article
Najjar-Debbiny R, Gronich N, Weber G, Khoury J, Amar M, Stein N, Goldstein LH, Saliba W
Clin Infect Dis 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e342-e349. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac443. PMID: 35653428Free PMC Article
Dix E, Roy K
Psychiatr Clin North Am 2022 Dec;45(4):625-637. Epub 2022 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2022.07.009. PMID: 36396269Free PMC Article
Delmonte OM, Castagnoli R, Notarangelo LD
Physiology (Bethesda) 2022 Nov 1;37(6):0. Epub 2022 Aug 9 doi: 10.1152/physiol.00016.2022. PMID: 35944006Free PMC Article
Kahambing JG
J Public Health (Oxf) 2022 Aug 25;44(3):e455-e456. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdab290. PMID: 34308484Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Xie NN, Zhang WC, Chen J, Tian FB, Song JX
Curr Med Sci 2023 Dec;43(6):1066-1074. Epub 2023 Oct 14 doi: 10.1007/s11596-023-2797-3. PMID: 37837572
Scholkmann F, May CA
Pathol Res Pract 2023 Jun;246:154497. Epub 2023 May 3 doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154497. PMID: 37192595Free PMC Article
Zheng C, Shao W, Chen X, Zhang B, Wang G, Zhang W
Int J Infect Dis 2022 Jan;114:252-260. Epub 2021 Nov 17 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.009. PMID: 34800687Free PMC Article
Actis Dato GM
J Card Surg 2021 Sep;36(9):3317-3318. Epub 2021 Jun 25 doi: 10.1111/jocs.15774. PMID: 34170578Free PMC Article
Stasi C, Fallani S, Voller F, Silvestri C
Eur J Pharmacol 2020 Dec 15;889:173644. Epub 2020 Oct 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173644. PMID: 33053381Free PMC Article

Therapy

Dahne J, Hawk LW Jr
JAMA 2023 Jun 20;329(23):2013-2014. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.6982. PMID: 37261810
Subbiah V
Nat Med 2023 Jan;29(1):49-58. Epub 2023 Jan 16 doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-02160-z. PMID: 36646803
Roustit M, Demarcq O, Laporte S, Barthélémy P, Chassany O, Cucherat M, Demotes J, Diebolt V, Espérou H, Fouret C, Galaup A, Gambotti L, Gourio C, Guérin A, Labruyère C, Paoletti X, Porcher R, Simon T, Varoqueaux N
Therapie 2023 Jan-Feb;78(1):29-38. Epub 2022 Dec 5 doi: 10.1016/j.therap.2022.12.003. PMID: 36529559Free PMC Article
Popp M, Reis S, Schießer S, Hausinger RI, Stegemann M, Metzendorf MI, Kranke P, Meybohm P, Skoetz N, Weibel S
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jun 21;6(6):CD015017. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015017.pub3. PMID: 35726131Free PMC Article
Jicha GA, Abner EL
Nat Rev Neurol 2021 Feb;17(2):71-72. doi: 10.1038/s41582-020-00445-w. PMID: 33340023Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Woodruff RC, Tong X, Khan SS, Shah NS, Jackson SL, Loustalot F, Vaughan AS
Am J Prev Med 2024 Apr;66(4):582-589. Epub 2023 Nov 14 doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.11.009. PMID: 37972797Free PMC Article
Steffen R, Chen LH, Leggat PA
J Travel Med 2023 Nov 18;30(7) doi: 10.1093/jtm/taad085. PMID: 37341307
Poor HD
Chest 2021 Oct;160(4):1471-1480. Epub 2021 Jun 19 doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.016. PMID: 34153340Free PMC Article
Salzberger B, Buder F, Lampl B, Ehrenstein B, Hitzenbichler F, Holzmann T, Schmidt B, Hanses F
Infection 2021 Apr;49(2):233-239. Epub 2020 Oct 8 doi: 10.1007/s15010-020-01531-3. PMID: 33034020Free PMC Article
Cousins S
Lancet 2020 May 9;395(10235):1474. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31097-7. PMID: 32386582Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Auger KA, Hall M, Arnold SD, Bhumbra S, Bryan MA, Hartley D, Ivancie R, Katragadda H, Kazmier K, Jacob SA, Jerardi KE, Molloy MJ, Parikh K, Schondelmeyer AC, Shah SS, Brady PW
Pediatrics 2023 May 1;151(5) doi: 10.1542/peds.2022-059872. PMID: 37102310Free PMC Article
Alvarez P, Sianis A, Brown J, Ali A, Briasoulis A
Rev Cardiovasc Med 2021 Jun 30;22(2):403-413. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2202046. PMID: 34258907
Shaw KE, Cavalcante JL, Han BK, Gössl M
JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021 Sep;14(9):1856-1861. Epub 2021 Jun 16 doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.06.002. PMID: 34246586Free PMC Article
Paoli D, Pallotti F, Turriziani O, Mazzuti L, Antonelli G, Lenzi A, Lombardo F
Andrology 2021 Jan;9(1):23-26. Epub 2020 Jun 14 doi: 10.1111/andr.12825. PMID: 32453494Free PMC Article
Eng J, Bluemke DA
Radiology 2020 Oct;297(1):E228-E231. Epub 2020 Apr 23 doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020201724. PMID: 32324100Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

BMJ 2022 May 30;377:o1205. doi: 10.1136/bmj.o1205. PMID: 35636775
Chenchula S, Karunakaran P, Sharma S, Chavan M
J Med Virol 2022 Jul;94(7):2969-2976. Epub 2022 Mar 14 doi: 10.1002/jmv.27697. PMID: 35246846Free PMC Article
Ceban F, Ling S, Lui LMW, Lee Y, Gill H, Teopiz KM, Rodrigues NB, Subramaniapillai M, Di Vincenzo JD, Cao B, Lin K, Mansur RB, Ho RC, Rosenblat JD, Miskowiak KW, Vinberg M, Maletic V, McIntyre RS
Brain Behav Immun 2022 Mar;101:93-135. Epub 2021 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.12.020. PMID: 34973396Free PMC Article
Khanijahani A, Iezadi S, Gholipour K, Azami-Aghdash S, Naghibi D
Int J Equity Health 2021 Nov 24;20(1):248. doi: 10.1186/s12939-021-01582-4. PMID: 34819081Free PMC Article
BMJ 2021 Feb 3;372:n236. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n236. PMID: 33536183

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Curated

    • NICE, 2024
      UK NICE Guideline NG191, COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing COVID-19, 2024
    • PAGAA, 2022
      Guidance for COVID-19 and People With HIV, 2022 (ARCHIVED)

    Consumer resources

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