publicdata/ahrq-gov
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions
ahrq-gov/archive.ahrq.gov/research/sep97/ra2.htm
Scott Williams 58222b51ed Initial commit
2025-02-28 14:14:25 -05:00

360 lines
No EOL
27 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Research Activities, September 1997: Health Care Delivery; HIV/AIDS Research; Quality of Care; News and Notes</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<!-- "metadata" -->
<meta name="Title" content="Research Activities, September 1997" />
<meta name="keywords" content="Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, AHRQ, AHCPR, AIDS/HIV, ambulatory care, benchmark, child, cost, elderly, health cost, healthcare cost, hospital, long-term care, managed care, markets, mental health, methodology, minority health, nursing, nursing homes, outcome research, out-of-pocket spending, patient care, primary, primary care, research, rural, spending, study, Translating Research Into Practice, TRIP" />
<meta name="description" content="Online newsletter summarizing published findings from AHRQ-funded studies, new AHRQ publications and products, and funding opportunities." />
<meta name="creator" content="Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)" />
<meta name="language" content="English" />
<!-- end metadata -->
<link href="/includes/archive.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="/includes/ahrqstyleprint_arch.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" />
<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-75759936-1', 'auto');
ga(' set', 'anonymizeIp', true);
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script></head><body><!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W4DST4"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W4DST4');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<noscript>
Your browser doesn't support JavaScript. Please upgrade to a modern browser or enable JavaScript in your existing browser.
</noscript>
<!-- Page Header v2.0 -->
<a name="top" id="top"></a>
<!--Begin Banner CodeS-->
<div id="ahrqbanner">
<div class="hhsportion">
<a href="#h1" class="skipnav">Skip Navigation</a>
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov" title="U.S. Department of Health and Human Services">
<img src="/images/hhs_banner.gif" alt="U.S. Department of Health and Human Services" />
</a>
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov" title="www.hhs.gov" class="hhsright">
<img src="/images/hhs_link.gif" alt="www.hhs.gov" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="ahrqportion">
<a href="/" title="Archive: Agency for Healthcare Research Quality">
<img src="/images/ahrq_banner.gif" alt="Agency for Healthcare Research Quality" />
</a><form name="searchForm" method="get" action="https://search.ahrq.gov/search" id="banner_searchform">
<label for="search" style="z-index:-1;position:relative;margin-right:-65px; font-size:0px;">Search</label>
<input name="q" type="text" value=" Search Archive" size="11" onfocus="this.value='';" class="gotext" label="Search archive" id="search" />
<input type="hidden" name="entqr" value="0" />
<input type="hidden" name="output" value="xml_no_dtd" />
<input type="hidden" name="proxystylesheet" value="ARCHIVE_Front_End" />
<input type="hidden" name="client" value="ARCHIVE_Front_End" />
<input type="hidden" name="site" value="ARCHIVE_AHRQ_GOV" />
<input src="/images/topbn_GoButton.gif" class="gobtn" name="Submit" onclick="javascript:document.searchForm.submit();" type="image" alt="Search" />
</form>
<a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/" class="ahrqright">www.ahrq.gov</a>
</div><div class="ahrqlinks"><a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">AHRQ Home&#8212;Live Site</a> | <a href="/">Archive Home</a> | <a href="/sitemap.htm">Site Map</a> <!-- | &nbsp;<img src="/images/envelope1.jpg" alt="" width="21" height="14" /><a href="https://subscriptions.ahrq.gov/service/multi_subscribe.html?code=USAHRQ">E-mail Updates</a> --></div>
</div>
<div id="PrintBanner">
<img src="/images/printbanner_arch.jpg" alt="Archive print banner" />
</div>
<a name="h1"></a>
<!-- End banner code -->
<!-- End of Page header -->
<!-- Content Body -->
<div id="mainContent">
<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" >
<tr valign="top">
<td width="70%">
<!-- Center Content section -->
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left:10px; margin-right:10px;margin-top:5px" summary="This table gives the layout format of the bread crumb area and the center content area.">
<!--DWLayoutTable-->
<tr>
<td class="crumb_link"><div id="crumbContent">
<p><strong>You Are Here:</strong> <span class="crumb_link"><a href="/" class="crumb_link">AHRQ Archive Home</a> &gt; <a href="/research/resarch.htm" class="crumb_link"><em>Research Activities</em> Archive</a> &gt; <a href="." class="crumb_link">September 1997</a>
</span></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h1><a name="h1" id="h1"></a> Health Care Delivery </h1>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div id="centerContent"><div class="headnote">
<p>This information is for reference purposes only. It was current when produced and may now be outdated. Archive material is no longer maintained, and some links may not work. Persons with disabilities having difficulty accessing this information should contact us at: <a href="https://info.ahrq.gov/">https://info.ahrq.gov</a>. Let us know the nature of the problem, the Web address of what you want, and your contact information. </p>
<p>Please go to <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">www.ahrq.gov</a> for current information.</p></div>
<a name="head1"></a>
<a name="head2"></a><h2>Less than one-fifth of patients with diabetes receive
certain recommended lab tests to monitor diabetes care</h2>
<p>Diabetes is a devastating chronic disease that affects blacks more than whites. Regular lab tests
can monitor diabetes care and identify early when interventions are needed to prevent and limit its
many complications, which range from vascular and vision problems to kidney disease. Yet less
than one in five persons with diabetes receives the minimum number of tests recommended by the
American Diabetes Association (ADA), according to a study of patients with diabetes enrolled in
a large urban health maintenance organization (HMO). </p><p>
The study, supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (HS07386) through the
Minority Research Center Program, shows that more than 40 percent of insulin-using patients
with diabetes and more than 30 percent of noninsulin-using patients with diabetes did not have a
single glycosylated hemoglobin test during the study year. This test measures blood sugar levels
over a 2- to 3-month time period. Elevated blood sugar levels indicate poor diabetes control,
which increases the risk of diabetes-related complications.</p><p>
Many patients also did not receive other recommended tests that, when elevated, indicate
increased risk for developing complications, according to the researchers from Henry Ford Health
System, the University of Michigan Medical School, and the University of Nebraska Medical
Center. They used computerized medical record and billing data to analyze receipt of diabetic
screening tests for 2,312 patients with diabetes enrolled in an HMO during 1991; 57 percent of
patients had between 6 and 16 visits to the doctor during the year. Overall, between 60 and 71
percent of patients had annual cholesterol testing (high cholesterol can complicate vascular
problems), and between 67 percent and 73 percent of patients had annual creatinine tests (to
check for kidney problems) performed as recommended by the ADA. It is unclear whether this
failure to consistently meet guidelines was due to lack of physician knowledge, insufficient time to
interact with the patient, the patients' lack of understanding of the importance of diabetes care, or
some other factor.</p><p>
No differences were detected by race in the overall rate of receipt of recommended tests.
Although black patients had cholesterol and creatinine measures similar to white patients, blacks
had higher glycosylated hemoglobin values. Less diabetic control among blacks may be explained
by differences in diet, exercise, or body weight that are strongly linked to race, but more studies
are needed to confirm this. Nevertheless, blacks who have diabetes remain at increased risk for
premature death and disability, and they and their health care providers should be targeted for
programs to help them improve diabetes control.</p><p>
See "Comparison of laboratory test frequency and test results between African-Americans and
Caucasians with diabetes: Opportunity for improvement," by Kimberlydawn Wisdom, M.D.,
M.S., Jon P. Fryzek, Ph.D., Suzanne L. Havstad, M.A., and others, in the June 1997 <em>Diabetes
Care</em> 20(6), pp. 971-977. </p>
<a name="head3"></a><h2>Researchers examine variation in stroke rehabilitation
practices and impact of patient knowledge on stroke
prevention</h2>
<p>Three million stroke survivors are living with varying degrees of neurological impairment due to
stroke. The disabling effects of stroke can be lessened through timely provision of rehabilitation
services and other followup care. However, the use and intensity of rehabilitation services for
stroke patients vary dramatically nationwide. This practice variation is not due to patient
characteristics but probably results from differences in physician choices, according to a study
supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (contract 290-91-0085).
Individuals at risk for stroke can help prevent stroke by not smoking, controlling blood pressure,
following a low-fat diet, and taking other measures. </p><p>
Individuals who recognize their increased risk for stroke are more likely to engage in stroke
prevention practices than those who do not. Yet over half of patients at increased risk for stroke
are unaware of their stroke risk, concludes a second AHCPR-supported study (Stroke Prevention
Patient Outcomes Research Team [PORT] contract 290-91-0028).</p><p>
<strong>Lee, A.J., Huber, J.H., and Stason, W.B. (1997, June). "Factors contributing to practice
variation in post-stroke rehabilitation." <em>Health Services Research</em> 32(2), pp. 197-221.</strong></p><p>
One-half to two-thirds of the practice variation in post-stroke rehabilitation is unexplained by
patient and market factors; because the practice differences observed in this study were so large,
this finding is particularly troubling, according to A. James Lee, Ph.D., of the Center for Health
Economics Research. The researchers analyzed post-stroke rehabilitation services provided to a
20 percent random sample of Medicare patients admitted for stroke to acute care hospitals in 151
metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) during 1991. Analysis showed that patient factors, such as
number and level of disabilities, ability to tolerate intensive rehabilitation, other complex medical
conditions, and level of home support, rarely explained a third of practice variation and often
explained substantially less than that. Market variables, such as number of physicians in the area
and bed capacity of various types of facilities, tended to be relatively less important but still were
more important than one would like to see, notes Dr. Lee. </p><p>
Patient characteristics should be the driving force behind choice of rehabilitation setting. Inpatient
rehabilitation hospitals (IRHs) provide the most intensive rehabilitation and are appropriate for
patients who are at least moderately disabled and can tolerate at least 3 hours per day of
rehabilitation. Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) generally provide less intensive rehabilitation and
are appropriate for patients who have minimal disabilities but require more medical monitoring or
lack sufficient home support to receive outpatient rehabilitation. Ambulatory rehabilitation is
appropriate for people with minimal to moderate levels of disability and with adequate home
support.</p><p>
Some differences in use of post-stroke rehabilitation services across metropolitan areas were
found to be related to differences in patient characteristics, consistent with recommendations
contained in the AHCPR guideline for post-stroke rehabilitation. To the extent that practice
variations are not attributable to differences in patient needs, clinical practice is inconsistent and
possibly inappropriate, according to the researchers. They conclude that to the extent clinical
guidelines correct misinformation and provide a common understanding of clinical practice for
post-stroke rehabilitation, otherwise unexplainable practice differences should begin to disappear. </p><p>
<strong>Samsa, G.P., Cohen, S.J., Goldstein, L.B., and others. "Knowledge of risk among patients
at increased risk of stroke." (1997, May). <em>Stroke</em> 28(5), pp. 916-921.</strong></p><p>
Over one-half of patients at increased risk of stroke because of conditions such as atrial
fibrillation, hypertension, smoking, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and congestive heart failure
are unaware of their risk, finds this study. These patients are less apt to engage in stroke
prevention practices, such as undergoing carotid endarterectomy (for clogged carotid artery),
attempting to control blood pressure, following a low-cholesterol diet, and taking the
anticoagulant warfarin or aspirin.</p><p>
The Stroke Prevention Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT), led by David Matchar, M.D.,
of Duke University, recruited 621 patients from the Academic Medical Center Consortium (five
academic medical centers), 321 from the Cardiovascular Health Study, and 319 from United
Health Care (five health plans). These patients were identified from inpatient records as having
one or more codes indicating stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs, mini-strokes) or as
asymptomatic but at increased risk for stroke. The patients were interviewed about their health
status, functional status, cerebrovascular symptoms, medical conditions, prevention practices, and
knowledge of stroke risk. </p><p>
The results indicated that only 41 percent of respondents were aware of their increased risk for
stroke and less than one-half of patients with previous minor stroke acknowledged any increase in
stroke risk. About 74 percent of patients who recalled being told of their increased risk of stroke
by a physician acknowledged this risk compared with 28 percent of patients who did not recall
being informed by a physician. Young patients, depressed patients, those in poor current health,
and those with a history of TIA were most likely to be aware of their stroke risk. The researchers
conclude that by communicating information about stroke risk to their patients, health care
providers can encourage adoption of stroke prevention practices. In addition, clinicians should
recognize that patients tend to misunderstand risk, underestimate their risk for stroke, and assume
that adverse events will not happen to them. This underscores the need for increasing public
awareness about stroke prevention, particularly in the at-risk population. </p>
<p class="size2"><a href=".">Return to Contents</a></p>
<a name="head4"></a><h1>HIV/AIDS Research</h1>
<a name="head5"></a><h2>Use of formal home care is concentrated at later stages
of HIV infection</h2>
<p>Persons with AIDS are much more likely to use home care than individuals who are HIV-positive
but have not yet developed AIDS. Limited ability to carry out ordinary daily tasks and higher
levels of fatigue are related to receipt of formal home care, according to a study by John A.
Fleishman, Ph.D., of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. </p><p>
The study was based on data obtained in four interviews over a 12-month period with 1,727
HIV-infected adults cared for by major medical providers in 10 U.S. cities. The interviews
revealed that nearly 30 percent of persons with AIDS received home care from nurses, compared
with 3 percent of HIV-infected individuals without AIDS; 20 percent were cared for by aides or
helpers (3 percent for HIV-infected individuals); and 12 percent of AIDS patients received care
from other professionals, such as social workers or case managers (4 percent for HIV-infected
persons).</p><p>
Overall, 39 percent of people with AIDS received any formal (paid) home care, and 38 percent
received any informal (unpaid) care from family, friends, or more rarely from community
volunteers. Use of formal home care services was negligible among asymptomatic HIV-infected
persons and was only slightly higher among those with symptoms. </p><p>
The likelihood of service use increased with the level of physical impairment, level of fatigue, and
prior hospitalization. Individuals with both AIDS and limitations in their ability to carry out
routine activities of daily living (ADLs), such as dressing or eating, were most likely to use formal
services. Thirty-two percent of this group received nursing care and 28 percent received
paraprofessional care, compared with 2 percent and 12 percent, respectively, among people with
AIDS but no ADL limitations. In addition, higher levels of fatigue significantly increased the
likelihood of receiving care from nurses and other professionals but not from paraprofessionals.
</p><p>
Respondents with public insurance, such as Medicaid, were more likely than those with private
insurance to receive home care from paraprofessionals. A person with AIDS may be capable of
performing ADLs or other activities, but the effort required may be exhausting, prompting the
need for home-delivered meals, aides, or homemakers. However, many private insurers do not
pay for services such as paid helpers at home. Medicaid may be more likely than private insurers
to cover personal care attendants and homemakers. </p><p>
Details are in "Utilization of home care among people with HIV infection," by Dr. Fleishman, in
the June 1997 <em>Health Services Research</em> 32(2), pp. 155-175. Reprints (AHCPR Publication No.
97-R082) are available from the <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/research/publications/order/order-research-activities.html">AHCPR Publication
Clearinghouse</a>. </p>
<p class="size2"><a href=".">Return to Contents</a></p>
<a name="head6"></a><h1>Quality of Care</h1>
<a name="head7"></a><h2>More research is needed to monitor the impact of
health system changes on children's health and health care</h2>
<p>The U.S. health system is undergoing unprecedented changes in its organization, financing, and
delivery of care. There is very little information on the impact of these changes&#8212;in particular the
rapid growth of managed care&#8212;on child health.</p><p>
Unfortunately, child health services research (CHSR) currently lacks the tools necessary to
monitor the impact of health system change on children's health and health care, compare the
effectiveness of alternative treatments, or assess quality of care delivered, according to
Christopher B. Forrest, M.D., Ph.D., of the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Lisa
Simpson, M.B., B.Ch., Deputy Administrator of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research,
and Carolyn Clancy, M.D., Director of AHCPR's Center for Outcomes and Effectiveness
Research and Acting Director of the Center for Primary Care Research. In a recent commentary
on the topic, they point out that ignoring or minimizing attention to CHSR is both shortsighted
and ultimately costly for families and the entire nation. </p><p>
Children merit a separate research focus for several reasons, assert the authors. Since children's
cognitive, emotional, and social development is constantly changing, outcome measures must be
sensitive to the interplay between change in development and change in health. Moreover,
alterations in the rate of development are themselves important outcomes for children and should
be part of studies on children's health-related quality of life. Fewer than 5 percent of children are
affected with one of the conditions usually addressed by outcomes research in adults, for example,
diabetes, heart disease, and arthritis. Yet one in three medically underserved persons in the United
States is younger than 18 years of age.</p><p>
The authors propose six strategies for increasing the quantity and improving the quality of CHSR:
expand the disease orientation of health services research to include a focus on child health
development; establish child-sensitive standards for setting research priorities; increase the size
and capacity of the CHSR workforce; develop appropriate laboratories to study child health care;
improve coordination of research funding across the Federal government, foundations, and the
private sector; and enhance the research function of health care delivery in the private sector.</p><p>
For more information, see "Child health services research: Challenges and opportunities," by Drs.
Forrest, Simpson, and Clancy, in the June 11, 1997, <em>Journal of the American Medical
Association</em> 277(22), pp. 1787-1793. Reprints (AHCPR Publication No. 97-R071) are available from the
<a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/research/publications/order/order-research-activities.html">AHCPR Publications Clearinghouse</a>. </p>
<p class="size2"><a href=".">Return to Contents</a></p>
<a name="head8"></a><h1>AHCPR News and Notes</h1>
<a name="head9"></a><h2>AHCPR's CAHPS&reg; initiative focuses on what
consumers want to know about health plans</h2>
<p><a href="/qual/cahpfact.htm">CAHPS&reg;</a>, which stands for Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Study, is an easy-to-use kit of
survey and reporting tools for use by organizations&#8212;such as employers, purchasing
coalitions,
unions, and Medicaid programs&#8212;that purchase health coverage for their employees,
members, or
beneficiaries. The kit contains a set of questionnaires that ask consumers about their experiences
with their health plans, sample formats for reporting results to the consumers, and a handbook to
help sponsors implement the surveys and produce the reports. Using CAHPS&reg;, sponsors can
provide consumers with reliable information to help them assess and choose among health plans
based on the experiences of plan enrollees.</p><p>
CAHPS&reg; surveys and reports have been tested to ensure that they will accurately and clearly report
the experiences of a wide range of respondents. CAHPS&reg; yields results that are applicable to all
plan types and a wide range of respondents. Surveys are provided in formats for mail and
telephone administration. Questionnaires are included for Medicare beneficiaries, Medicaid
recipients, and for consumers with children. Users of the surveys also can form their own
questionnaires by combining core and supplemental items in a customized questionnaire. For
example, supplemental items are included for persons with chronic conditions. </p><p>
CAHPS&reg; users maintain ownership of their data. Users may engage a survey vendor or conduct the
surveys themselves; free technical assistance is available to facilitate the use of CAHPS&reg; surveys
and reports. </p><p>
CAHPS&reg; is sponsored by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. CAHPS&reg; materials were
developed by a consortium led by Harvard Medical School, RAND, and the Research Triangle
Institute. </p><p>
The CAHPS&reg; Survey and Reporting Kit includes the survey kit, the reporting kit, and an
implementation handbook. It will be available in late fall 1997. The CAHPS&reg; Preview Kit (AHCPR
Publication No. 97-0012) is available now. To find out if CAHPS&reg; is right for your organization,
request the Preview Kit from the <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/research/publications/order/order-research-activities.html">AHCPR
Clearinghouse</a>. </p>
<h3>Is CAHPS&reg; right for you?</h3>
<ul>
<li><em> If you are an employer or the representative of a health plan or other interested
organization,
call 800-358-9295 to order the CAHPS&reg; Preview Kit. It will help you determine whether
CAHPS&reg; is right for your group</em>.</li>
<li><em>If you are an individual consumer and you have health insurance through your
employer or
another group, be sure to tell your benefits manager about CAHPS&reg;</em>. </li>
</ul>
<p class="size2"><a href=".">Return to Contents</a><br />
<a href="ra3.htm">Proceed to Next Section</a></p>
<div class="footnote">
<p> The information on this page is archived and provided for reference purposes only.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- End of Center Content section -->
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<!-- End of Content Body -->
<!-- Footer graphic 1.2-->
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td width="125" background="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg"><img src="/images/bottom_ahrq_1.jpg" width="125" alt="AHRQ" /></td>
<td width="100%" background="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg" ><img src="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg" width="10" height="34" alt="" /></td>
<td width="310" background="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg"><img src="/images/bottom_ahrq_2.gif" alt="Advancing Excellence in Health Care" width="310" height="34" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- Footer links section -->
<div id="banner_Footer2"><p> <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">AHRQ Home</a> | <a href="https://info.ahrq.gov" class="footer_navlink">Questions?</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/contact/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Contact AHRQ</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/sitemap.html" class="footer_navlink">Site Map</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/accessibility/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Accessibility</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/privacy/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Privacy
Policy</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/foia/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Freedom of Information Act</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/disclaimers/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.hhs.gov/open/recordsandreports/plainwritingact/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Plain Writing Act</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov" class="footer_navlink">U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services</a> | <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov" class="footer_navlink">The White House</a> | <a href="http://www.usa.gov" class="footer_navlink">USA.gov: The U.S. Government's Official Web Portal</a></p>
</div>
<div id="banner_Footeraddress"><p>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality <img src="/images/bottom_dot.gif" alt="" /> 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 <img src="/images/bottom_dot.gif" alt="" /> Telephone: (301) 427-1364</p></div>
<!-- End of Footer links section -->
</body>
</html>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink