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<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/index.html">Main Page</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/acknow.html">Acknowledgments</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/highlights.html">Highlights From the National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap1.html">Chapter 1. Introduction and Methods</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap2-text.html">Chapter 2. Effectiveness of Care</a></li>
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<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap5.html">Chapter 5. Patient Centeredness</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap6.html">Chapter 6. Care Coordination</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap7.html">Chapter 7. Efficiency</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html">Chapter 8. Health Systems Infrastructure&#160;</a></li>
<li><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap9.html">Chapter 9. Access to Health Care</a></li>
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<span><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/2012nhdr.pdf">2012 National Healthcare Disparities Report (NHDR)</a> [ <img src="/resources/file_logos/pdf.gif" alt="PDF file" title="PDF file" class="icon" /> - 8.74&nbsp;MB]</span>
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<h1>2012 National Healthcare Disparities Report</h1>
<h2>Chapter 8, Text Descriptions for Figures</h2> <div id="basic-modal"><!-- start: Basic Modal -->
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<h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig81" name="fig81"></a>Figure 8.1. Electronic medical record use in hospitals, by hospital control and hospital type, 2010</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Hospital Control</th><th scope="col">Patient Demographics</th><th scope="col">Physician Notes</th><th scope="col">Nursing Assessments</th><th scope="col">Problem Lists</th><th scope="col">Medication Lists</th><th scope="col">Discharge Summaries</th><th scope="col">Advance Directives</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Total</td><td align="center">82.5</td><td align="center">25</td><td align="center">53</td><td align="center">39.6</td><td align="center">58.2</td><td align="center">53</td><td align="center">53</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Government, Non-Federal</td><td align="center">74.4</td><td align="center">20.8</td><td align="center">44</td><td align="center">34</td><td align="center">47.3</td><td align="center">43.1</td><td align="center">43</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Nongovernment, Not for Profit</td><td align="center">90</td><td align="center">27.3</td><td align="center">60.3</td><td align="center">43.6</td><td align="center">66.3</td><td align="center">59.8</td><td align="center">61.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Investor Owned, For Profit</td><td align="center">65</td><td align="center">12.6</td><td align="center">33.3</td><td align="center">25.8</td><td align="center">39.2</td><td align="center">37.1</td><td align="center">33.9</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">&quot;Government, Federal&quot;</td><td align="center">92.8</td><td align="center">91.4</td><td align="center">88.5</td><td align="center">88.4</td><td align="center">91.4</td><td align="center">91.4</td><td align="center">78.2</td></tr></table><p>&#160;</p><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Hospital Type</th><th scope="col">Patient Demographics</th><th scope="col">Physician Notes</th><th scope="col">Nursing Assessments</th><th scope="col">Problem Lists</th><th scope="col">Medication Lists</th><th scope="col">Discharge Summaries</th><th scope="col">Advance Directives</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">General Medical &amp; Surgical</td><td align="center">85.5</td><td align="center">24.8</td><td align="center">56.3</td><td align="center">41.1</td><td align="center">60.6</td><td align="center">55.4</td><td align="center">57.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Psychiatric</td><td align="center">64.8</td><td align="center">26.3</td><td align="center">27.9</td><td align="center">28.4</td><td align="center">37.6</td><td align="center">32</td><td align="center">15</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Rehabilitation</td><td align="center">59</td><td align="center">20.4</td><td align="center">30.1</td><td align="center">23.1</td><td align="center">39.7</td><td align="center">38.2</td><td align="center">28</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Children&#39;s General</td><td align="center">90</td><td align="center">45</td><td align="center">62.5</td><td align="center">60</td><td align="center">75</td><td align="center">71.7</td><td align="center">66.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Acute Long-Term Care</td><td align="center">53.7</td><td align="center">21.5</td><td align="center">30</td><td align="center">23.7</td><td align="center">41.2</td><td align="center">35</td><td align="center">30</td></tr></table><p><strong>Source:</strong> American Hospital Association, 2010 Information Technology Supplement.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig81">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig82" name="fig82"></a>Figure 8.2. Electronic health record use in physician offices, by ownership and specialty, 2011</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Ownership / Specialty</th><th scope="col">Overall</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Physician Owned</td><td align="center">50</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">HMO</td><td align="center">100</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Community Health Center</td><td align="center">74</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Academic Health Center</td><td align="center">70</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Primary Care</td><td align="center">58</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Surgical</td><td align="center">48</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Medical</td><td align="center">55</td></tr></table><p><strong>Key:</strong> HMO = health maintenance organization.<br /><strong>Source:</strong> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2011 Electronic Medical Record Mail Survey Supplement.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig82">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig83" name="fig83"></a>Figure 8.3. Electronic health record use in physician offices, by ethnicity of population, metropolitan status, and specialty, 2011</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Ethnicity</th><th scope="col">Demographic Information</th><th scope="col">Clinical Notes</th><th scope="col">Prescription Ordering</th><th scope="col">Clinical Decision Support</th><th scope="col">Clinical Reminders</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">&lt;50% Non-Hispanic White</td><td align="center">68.6</td><td align="center">58.9</td><td align="center">51.6</td><td align="center">25.1</td><td align="center">34.5</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">50-69% Non-Hispanic White</td><td align="center">74.5</td><td align="center">61</td><td align="center">56.9</td><td align="center">27.2</td><td align="center">37.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">70-79% Non-Hispanic White</td><td align="center">74.5</td><td align="center">62.8</td><td align="center">62.2</td><td align="center">28.5</td><td align="center">41.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">80% or More Non-Hispanic White</td><td align="center">77.7</td><td align="center">67.7</td><td align="center">61</td><td align="center">32.4</td><td align="center">41.1</td></tr></table><p>&#160;</p><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Metropolitan Status / Speciality</th><th scope="col">Demographic Information</th><th scope="col">Clinical Notes</th><th scope="col">Prescription Ordering</th><th scope="col">Clinical Decision Support</th><th scope="col">Clinical Reminders</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">MSA</td><td align="center">73.3</td><td align="center">62</td><td align="center">57.5</td><td align="center">28.2</td><td align="center">37.9</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Non-MSA</td><td align="center">77.6</td><td align="center">66.8</td><td align="center">56.3</td><td align="center">28</td><td align="center">41.7</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Primary Care</td><td align="center">76.8</td><td align="center">65.1</td><td align="center">61.4</td><td align="center">36.4</td><td align="center">46.9</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Surgical</td><td align="center">72.8</td><td align="center">57.4</td><td align="center">49.5</td><td align="center">18</td><td align="center">29</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Medical</td><td align="center">70</td><td align="center">62</td><td align="center">55.6</td><td align="center">20.7</td><td align="center">29.3</td></tr></table><p><strong>Source:</strong> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2011 Electronic Medical Record Mail Survey Supplement.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig83">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig84" name="fig84"></a>Figure 8.4. Electronic health record use in federally funded health centers, 2011</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Electronic Health Record (EHR) Use</th><th scope="col">Percent</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">EHR Installed</td><td align="center">79.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Patient History &amp; Demographics</td><td align="center">99.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Clinical Notes</td><td align="center">99.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">CPOE for Lab Test</td><td align="center">97.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">CPOE for Radiology Test</td><td align="center">76.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Electronic Entry of Prescriptions</td><td align="center">98.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Intervention &amp; Screening Reminders</td><td align="center">93.9</td></tr></table><p><strong>Key:</strong> CPOE = computerized provider order entry.<br /><strong>Source:</strong> Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Uniform Data System, 2011.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig84">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig85" name="fig85"></a>Figure 8.5. Rate of physicians and surgeons per 100,000 population, by race and ethnicity, 2006-2010</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Year</th><th scope="col">White</th><th scope="col">Black</th><th scope="col">Asian</th><th scope="col">AI/AN</th><th scope="col">&gt;1 Race</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2006</td><td align="center">287</td><td align="center">113</td><td align="center">1228</td><td align="center">80</td><td align="center">179</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2007</td><td align="center">294</td><td align="center">118</td><td align="center">1205</td><td align="center">96</td><td align="center">174</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2008</td><td align="center">299</td><td align="center">121</td><td align="center">1163</td><td align="center">&#160;</td><td align="center">168</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2009</td><td align="center">291</td><td align="center">114</td><td align="center">1154</td><td align="center">60</td><td align="center">139</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2010</td><td align="center">290</td><td align="center">115</td><td align="center">1155</td><td align="center">83</td><td align="center">208</td></tr></table><p>&#160;</p><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Year</th><th scope="col">Non-Hispanic White</th><th scope="col">Hispanic</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2006</td><td align="center">302</td><td align="center">113</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2007</td><td align="center">312</td><td align="center">101</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2008</td><td align="center">323</td><td align="center">112</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2009</td><td align="center">313</td><td align="center">109</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2010</td><td align="center">317</td><td align="center">105</td></tr></table><p><strong>Key:</strong> AI/AN: American Indian or Alaska Native.<br /><strong>Source:</strong> U.S. Census, American Community Survey.<br /><strong>Note:</strong> Data for AI/ANs om 2008 did not meet criteria for statistical reliability, data quality, or confidentiality.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig85">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig86" name="fig86"></a>Figure 8.6. Trauma center utilization for severe injuries in the United States, by gender and income, 2009</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Gender / Income</th><th scope="col">Trauma Level I &amp; II</th><th scope="col">Trauma Level III</th><th scope="col">Nontrauma</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Male</td><td align="center">64.0</td><td align="center">7.7</td><td align="center">28.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Female</td><td align="center">54</td><td align="center">8</td><td align="center">38</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">1st Quartile (Lowest Income)</td><td align="center">60.9</td><td align="center">8.5</td><td align="center">30.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">2nd Quartile</td><td align="center">58.8</td><td align="center">9.2</td><td align="center">32.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">3rd Quartile</td><td align="center">58.8</td><td align="center">8.3</td><td align="center">32.9</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">4th Quartile (Highest Income)</td><td align="center">63.7</td><td align="center">4.5</td><td align="center">31.8</td></tr></table><p><strong>Source:</strong> Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Utilization Project, Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2009.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig86">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig87" name="fig87"></a>Figure 8.7. Race, ethnicity, and income of patients receiving care in an HSHC, United States, 2011</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Race / Ethnicity / Income</th><th scope="col">Percentage</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">White</td><td align="center">64.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Black</td><td align="center">25.2</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Asian</td><td align="center">3.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Native Hawaiian</td><td align="center">0.3</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Pacific Islander</td><td align="center">0.9</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">AI/AN</td><td align="center">1.5</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">&gt;1 Race</td><td align="center">3.9</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Hispanic</td><td align="center">34.5</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Non-Hispanic</td><td align="center">65.5</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Language Other Than English</td><td align="center">23</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Income 0-100% Poverty Level</td><td align="center">71.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Income 101-150% Poverty Level</td><td align="center">14.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Income 151-200% Poverty Level</td><td align="center">6.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Income &gt;200% Poverty Level</td><td align="center">7.5</td></tr></table><p><strong>Key:</strong> AI/AN: American Indian or Alaska Native.<br /><strong>Source:</strong> Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Uniform Data System, 2011.<br /><strong>Note:</strong> Racial groups shown are non-Hispanic. Data were obtained from 1,128 Section 330g grantee recipients. Income shown only includes known income. Nearly 23% of patient income is unknown.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig87">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig88" name="fig88"></a>Figure 8.8. HSHC patients with hypertension or diabetes whose symptoms are controlled, by race, 2011</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Race</th><th scope="col">Controlled Hypertension</th><th scope="col">Controlled Diabetes</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">White</td><td align="center">65.5</td><td align="center">41.3</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Black</td><td align="center">56.7</td><td align="center">38.5</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Asian</td><td align="center">70.8</td><td align="center">45.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Native Hawaiian</td><td align="center">60.1</td><td align="center">32.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Pacific Islander</td><td align="center">64.8</td><td align="center">25.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">AI/AN</td><td align="center">60.2</td><td align="center">36</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">&gt;1 Race</td><td align="center">64.2</td><td align="center">36.9</td></tr></table><p><strong>Source:</strong> Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Uniform Data System, 2011.<br /><strong>Note:</strong> Racial groups shown are non-Hispanic. Data were obtained from 1,128 Section 330g grantee recipients. Patients with hypertension include those ages 18-85. Hypertension is determined to be controlled if the patient&#39;s last blood pressure reading was less than 140/90 mm Hg. Patients with diabetes include those ages 18-75. Diabetes is determined to be controlled if the patient&#39;s most recent hemoglobin A1c level was 7% or less.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig88">Return to Document</a></p><h4 class="figcaption"><a id="fig89" name="fig89"></a>Figure 8.9. Medicaid and uninsured discharges, by facility characteristics, U.S. short-term acute hospitals, 2010</h4><table border="1" cellspacing="0" padding="4" width="90%"><tr valign="top"><th scope="col">Facility Characteristics</th><th scope="col">Percentage</th></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">&lt;100 Beds</td><td align="center">23.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">100-299 Beds</td><td align="center">24.5</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">300-499 Beds</td><td align="center">29.2</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">500+ Beds</td><td align="center">30.3</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Government</td><td align="center">38.3</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Private, Nonprofit</td><td align="center">24.8</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Private, Investor Owned</td><td align="center">28.3</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Teaching</td><td align="center">30.6</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Nonteaching</td><td align="center">24</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Northeast</td><td align="center">26.3</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Midwest</td><td align="center">23.7</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">South</td><td align="center">29.1</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">West</td><td align="center">28.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Metropolitan</td><td align="center">27.4</td></tr><tr valign="top"><td scope="row">Nonmetroplitan</td><td align="center">25.8</td></tr></table><p><strong>Source:</strong> Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, HCUPnet, 2010. Available at <a href="http://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/">http://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/</a>.</p><p><a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8.html#fig89">Return to Document</a></p> </div>
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<div class="current-as-of">Page last reviewed May 2013</div>
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<span>Internet Citation: 2012 National Healthcare Disparities Report: Chapter 8, Text Descriptions for Figures.
May 2013. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. http://archive.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhdr12/chap8-text.html</span>
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