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<p>This information is for reference purposes only. It was current when produced and may now be outdated. Archive material is no longer maintained, and some links may not work. Persons with disabilities having difficulty accessing this information should contact us at: <a href="https://info.ahrq.gov/">https://info.ahrq.gov</a>. Let us know the nature of the problem, the Web address of what you want, and your contact information.</p>
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<h3>Alternate Formats</h3>
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<ul class="grey_brief_altformat_list"><li><span><a href="2014nhqdr-access.pptx">Microsoft PowerPoint version</a> - 666.45 KB</span></li>
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<h1 class="page__title title" id="page-title">Chartbook on Access to Health Care: Slide Presentation</h1>
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<div class="field field-name-field-subtitle field-type-text field-label-hidden">
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<div class="field-items">
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<h2 class="field-item even">2014 National Healthcare Quality & Disparities Report</h2>
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||
</div>
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</div>
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<div class="field field-name-field-description field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">Text version of a slide presentation.</div></div></div><div class="field field-name-ahrq-generic-body field-type-text-long field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><h3>Slide 1</h3>
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<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl1.jpg" /></p>
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<h4>National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report</h4>
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<p><strong>Chartbook on Access to Health Care</strong></p>
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<h3>Slide 2</h3>
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<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl2.jpg" /></p>
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<h4>National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report</h4>
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<ul>
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<li>Annual report to Congress mandated in the Healthcare Research and Quality Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-129).</li>
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||
<li>Provides a comprehensive overview of:
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Quality of health care received by the general U.S. population.</li>
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||
<li>Disparities in care experienced by different racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Assesses the performance of our health system and identifies areas of strengths and weaknesses along three main axes:
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Access to health care.</li>
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||
<li>Quality of health care.</li>
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||
<li>Priorities of the National Quality Strategy.</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
<p><a href="http://www.ahrq.gov/workingforquality/pias/cchpia.htm">National Quality Strategy Priority in Action: Colorado Coalition for the Homeless</a>.</p>
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||
<h3>Slide 3</h3>
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||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl3.jpg" /></p>
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<h4>National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report</h4>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Based on more than 250 measures of quality and disparities covering a broad array of health care services and settings.</li>
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<li>Data generally available through 2012.</li>
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<li>Produced with the help of an Interagency Work Group led by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and submitted on behalf of the Secretary of Health and Human Services.</li>
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</ul>
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<p> </p>
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||
<h3>Slide 4</h3>
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<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl4.jpg" /></p>
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<h4>Changes for 2014</h4>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>New National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report (QDR):
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Integrates findings on health care quality and health care disparities into a single document to highlight the importance of examining quality and disparities together.</li>
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||
<li>Focuses on summarizing information over the many measures that are tracked.</li>
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||
</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Series of related chartbooks:
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Present information on individual measures of quality and disparities.</li>
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||
<li>Are posted on the Web (<a href="/research/findings/nhqrdr/2014chartbooks/index.html">https://archive.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/2014chartbooks/</a>).</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
<h3>Slide 5</h3>
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||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl5.jpg" /></p>
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||
<h4>Key Findings of the 2014 QDR</h4>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Demonstrates that the Nation has made clear progress in improving the health care delivery system to achieve the three aims of better care, smarter spending, and healthier people, but there is still more work to do, specifically to address disparities in care.
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<ul>
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<li>Access improved.</li>
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<li>Quality improved for most National Quality Strategy priorities.</li>
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<li>Few disparities were eliminated.</li>
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<li>Many challenges in improving quality and reducing disparities remain.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Slide 6</h3>
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||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl6.jpg" /></p>
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<h4>Access to Health Care</h4>
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<ul>
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||
<li>Access to health care means having "the timely use of personal health services to achieve the best health outcomes" (IOM, 1993).</li>
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||
<li>Access to health care consists of four components (Healthy People 2020):
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Health insurance: facilitates entry into the health care system. Uninsured people are less likely to receive medical care and more likely to have poor health status.</li>
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||
<li>Services: having a usual source of care is associated with adults receiving recommended screening and prevention services.</li>
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||
<li>Timeliness: ability to provide health care when the need is recognized.</li>
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||
<li>Infrastructure: capable and qualified workforce; updated health information technology.</li>
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||
</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Slide 7</h3>
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||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl7.jpg" /></p>
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||
<h4>Chartbook on Access to Health Care</h4>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>This chartbook includes:
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Summary of trends across measures of Access to Health Care from the QDR.</li>
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||
<li>Figures illustrating select measures of Access.</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
</li>
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||
<li>Introduction and Methods contains information about methods used in the chartbook.</li>
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||
<li>Appendixes include information about measures and data.</li>
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||
<li>A Data Query tool (<a href="http://nhqrnet.ahrq.gov/inhqrdr/data/query">http://nhqrnet.ahrq.gov/inhqrdr/data/query</a>) provides access to all data tables.</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
<h3>Slide 8</h3>
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||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl8.jpg" /></p>
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<h4>Average annual rates of change of access to care measures through 2012, by age</h4>
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||
<p>Image: Graph showing average annual rates of change of access to care measures by age group: For adults, the median change was zero. For children ages 0-17, the median value was 5%.</p>
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||
<p><strong>Note: </strong>Each point represents one measure. Large red diamonds indicate median values. Access measures include insurance, usual provider, barriers to care, and timeliness of care. For most measures, trend data are available from 2001-2002 to 2012. For each measure with at least four estimates over time, weighted log-linear regression is used to calculate average annual percentage change. Measures are aligned so that positive change indicates improved access to care.</p>
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||
<p><strong>Trends:</strong></p>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li>Through 2012, most access measures improved for children. The median change was 5% per year.</li>
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||
<li>Few access measures improved substantially among adults. The median change was zero.</li>
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||
</ul>
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||
<p> </p>
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||
<h3>Slide 9</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl9.jpg" /></p>
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||
<h4>Access measures for which members of selected groups experienced better, same, or worse access to care compared with reference group, 2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar graph showing access measures for which members of selected groups experienced better, same, or worse access to care compared with reference group:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
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||
<tbody>
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||
<tr>
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||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"> </th>
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||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Poor vs. High Income (n=19)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Black vs. White (n=21)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Hispanic vs. White (n=21)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Asian vs. White (n=18)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>AI/AN vs. White (n=13)</strong></th>
|
||
</tr>
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||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><strong>Better</strong></td>
|
||
<td> </td>
|
||
<td> </td>
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||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">3</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">3</td>
|
||
<td> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
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||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><strong>Same</strong></td>
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||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">0</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">11</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
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||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><strong>Worse</strong></td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">19</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">10</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">14</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key:</strong> AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native; n = number of measures.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Note: </strong>Poor indicates family income less than the Federal poverty level; High Income indicates family income four times the Federal poverty level or greater. Numbers of measures differ across groups because of sample size limitations. The relative difference between a selected group and its reference group is used to assess disparities.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Better</strong> = Population had better access to care than reference group. Differences are statistically significant, are equal to or larger than 10%, and favor the selected group.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Same</strong> = Population and reference group had about the same access to care. Differences are not statistically significant or are smaller than 10%.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Worse</strong> = Population had worse access to care than reference group. Differences are statistically significant, are equal to or larger than 10%, and favor the reference group.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Disparities: </strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In 2012, people in poor households had worse access to care than people in high-income households on all access measures (green).</li>
|
||
<li>Blacks had worse access to care than Whites for about half of access measures.</li>
|
||
<li>Hispanics had worse access to care than Whites for two-thirds of access measures.</li>
|
||
<li>Asians and American Indians and Alaska Natives had worse access to care than Whites for about one-third of access measures.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 10</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl10.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Number and percentage of all access measures for which disparities related to race, ethnicity, and income were improving, not changing, or worsening through 2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar graph showing number and percentage of all access measures for which disparities related to race, ethnicity, and income were improving, not changing, or worsening:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
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||
<tbody>
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||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"> </th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Poor vs. High Income (n=19)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Black vs. White (n=21)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Hispanic vs. White (n=21)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>Asian vs. White (n=18)</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col"><strong>AI/AN vs. White (n=10)</strong></th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><strong>Worsening</strong></td>
|
||
<td style="text-align: center">1</td>
|
||
<td> </td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">2</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">1</td>
|
||
<td> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><strong>No Change</strong></td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">17</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">19</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">13</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">13</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><strong>Improving</strong></td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">1</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">2</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key: </strong>AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native; n = number of measures.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Poor indicates family income less than the Federal poverty level; High Income indicates family income four times the Federal poverty level or greater. Numbers of measures differ across groups because of sample size limitations. For most measures, trend data are available from 2001-2002 to 2012.</p>
|
||
<p>For each measure, average annual percentage changes were calculated for select populations and reference groups. Measures are aligned so that positive rates indicate improvement in access to care. Differences in rates between groups were used to assess trends in disparities.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Worsening </strong>= Disparities are getting larger. Differences in rates between groups are statistically significant and reference group rates exceed population rates by at least 1% per year.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>No Change </strong>= Disparities are not changing. Differences in rates between groups are not statistically significant or differ by less than 1% per year.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Improving</strong> = Disparities are getting smaller. Differences in rates between groups are statistically significant and population rates exceed reference group rates by at least 1% per year.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Disparity Trends: </strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Through 2012, most disparities in access to care related to race, ethnicity, or income showed no significant change (blue), neither getting smaller nor larger.</li>
|
||
<li>In four of the five comparisons shown, the number of disparities that were improving (black) exceeded the number of disparities that were getting worse (green).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 11</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl11.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Health Insurance</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Health insurance facilitates entry into the health care system. Uninsured people are less likely to receive medical care and more likely to have poor health status (Healthy People 2020).</li>
|
||
<li>Public health insurance—includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), State-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plans, Medicare, and military plans.
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>A small number of people were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 12</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl12.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Health Insurance Measures</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Adults ages 18-64 who were uninsured at the time of interview, 2000-2014 (January-June).</li>
|
||
<li>People without health insurance coverage at the time of interview, by age, 2010-2014 (January-June).</li>
|
||
<li>Adults ages 18-64 who were uninsured at the time of interview by race/ethnicity, January 2010-June 2014.</li>
|
||
<li>Adults ages 18-64 without health insurance at the time of interview, by region, January-June 2014.</li>
|
||
<li>Adults ages 18-64 with private health insurance coverage, by age, January 2010-June 2014.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 13</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl13.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Adults ages 18-64 who were uninsured at the time of interview, 2000-2014 (January-June)</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Line graph showing trends in percentage of uninsured adults, from 18.7% in 2000 to a peak of 22.3% in 2010 and declining to 15.6% in the second quarter of 2014. The chart notes first Affordable Care Act effects in 2010 and marketplace enrollment in 2013.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source:</strong> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 2000-2014, Family Core Component.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note:</strong> For this measure, lower rates are better. Data only available for 2014 quarters 1 and 2.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Trends:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>From 2000 to 2010, the percentage of adults ages 18-64 who reported they were without health insurance coverage at the time of interview increased from 18.7% to 22.3%.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2010 to 2013, the percentage without health insurance decreased from 22.3% to 20.4%. During the first half of 2014, the percentage without health insurance decreased to 15.6%.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 14</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl14.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>People without health insurance coverage at the time of interview, by age, 2010-2014 (January-June)</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Line graph showing trends in percentage of uninsured people ages 0-17, 18-29, and 30-64 from 2010 quarter 1 to 2014 quarter 2. For children ages 0-17, the percentage uninsured was 7.4 % in 2010 quarter 1 and 5.6% in 2014 quarter 2. For adults ages 18-29, the percentage was 30.6% in 2010 quarter 1 and 19.8% in 2014 quarter 2. For adults ages 30-64, the percentage was 18.2% in 2010 quarter 1 and 14.1% in 2014 quarter 2.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key: </strong>Q = quarter.<br />
|
||
<strong>Data Source: </strong>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 2010-2014, Family Core Component.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>For this measure, lower rates are better. Data only available for 2014 quarters 1 and 2.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>For adults ages 18-29, the percentage uninsured at the time of interview decreased from 32% in 2010 Q3 to 19.8% in 2014 Q2.</li>
|
||
<li>For adults ages 30-64, the percentage uninsured at the time of interview decreased from 20% in 2010 Q2 to 18.7% in 2013 Q2, then decreased again to 14.1% in the second quarter of 2014.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 15</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl15.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Adults ages 18-64 who were uninsured at the time of interview, by race/ethnicity, January 2010-June 2014</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Line graph showing trends in percentage of uninsured adults from 2010 quarter 1 to 2014 quarter 2, by race/ethnicity. For Whites, the percentage uninsured was 15.6% in 2010 quarter 1 and 11.1% in 2014 quarter 2. For Blacks, the percentage was 27.9% in 2010 quarter 1 and 15.9% in 2014 quarter 2. For Hispanics, the percentage was 42.4% in 2010 quarter 1 and 33.2% in 2014 quarter 2.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key: </strong>Q = quarter.<br />
|
||
<strong>Data Source: </strong>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 2010 -2014, Family Core Component.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>For this measure, lower rates are better. Data only available for 2014 quarters 1 and 2 White and Black are non-Hispanic. Hispanic includes all races.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Hispanic adults ages 18-64 were significantly more likely to be uninsured from January 2010 to June 2014. The percentage peaked in the second quarter of 2010 at 44.9%, then significantly decreased to 33.2% for the second quarter of 2014.</li>
|
||
<li>All racial/ethnic groups displayed a decrease from 2013 Q4 to 2014 Q2:
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>White: 14.0% to 11.1%.</li>
|
||
<li>Black: 24.6% to 15.9%.</li>
|
||
<li>Hispanic: 40.3% to 33.2%.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 16</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl16.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Adults ages 18-64 without health insurance at the time of interview, by region, January-June 2014</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar chart showing percentage of adults ages 18-64 who were uninsured: All States, 17; New England, 7.6; Middle Atlantic, 12.3; East North Central, 12.7; West North Central, 14.4; South Atlantic, 21.2; East South Central, 16.5; West South Central, 25.9; Mountain, 18.6; Pacific, 17.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source:</strong> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 2014, Family Core Component.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>For this measure, lower rates are better. Regions are based on a subdivision of the four census regions (South, West, Northeast, and Midwest) into nine divisions.<sup>i</sup> For this report, the nine census divisions were modified by moving Delaware, the District of Columbia, and Maryland into the Middle Atlantic Division. Estimates for 2014 are based on data collected from January through June. Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>The percentage of uninsured adults ages 18-64 was significantly lower than the national average of 17% in the New England, Middle Atlantic, East North Central, and West North Central regions. The percentage of uninsured adults was significantly higher in the West South Central and South Atlantic regions.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><sup>i.</sup> States in each region follow:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>New England region: CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, and VT.</li>
|
||
<li>Middle Atlantic region: DE, DC, MD, NJ, NY, and PA.</li>
|
||
<li>East North Central region: IL, IN, MI, OH, and WI.</li>
|
||
<li>West North Central region: IA, KS, MN, MO, NE, ND, and SD.</li>
|
||
<li>South Atlantic region: FL, GA, NC, SC, VA, and WV.</li>
|
||
<li>East South Central region: AL, KY, MS, and TN.</li>
|
||
<li>West South Central region: AR, LA, OK, and TX.</li>
|
||
<li>Mountain region: AZ, CO, ID, MT, NV, NM, UT, and WY.</li>
|
||
<li>Pacific region: AK, CA, HI, OR, and WA.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 17</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl17.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Adults ages 18-64 with private health insurance coverage, by age, January 2010-June 2014</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Line graph showing trends in percentage of adults ages 18-29 and 30-64 with private insurance from 2010 quarter 1 to 2014 quarter 2. For adults ages 18-29, the percentage with private insurance was 53.4% in 2010 quarter 1 and 62.2% in 2014 quarter 2. For adults ages 30-64, the percentage was 69.8% in 2010 quarter 1 and 69.6% in 2014 quarter 2.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key: Q </strong>= quarter.<br />
|
||
<strong>Data Source: </strong>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 2010-2014, Family Core Component.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>The percentage of adults ages 18-29 with private health insurance was lowest in 2010 Q3 (52.2%) and highest in 2014 Q2 (62.2%).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 18</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl18.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Services</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>People with a usual source of care have better health outcomes and fewer disparities and costs (Healthy People 2020).</li>
|
||
<li>Having a usual place of care and a usual provider are associated with an increased likelihood of receiving preventive services and recommended screenings compared with having no usual source of care (Blewett, et al., 2008).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 19</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl19.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Services Measures</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>People with a usual place to go for medical care, by age, January-June 2014.</li>
|
||
<li>Age-sex adjusted percentage of people of all ages with a usual place to go for medical care, by race/ethnicity, 2013 and January-June 2014.</li>
|
||
<li>People who were unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines in the last 12 months, by insurance (under age 65) and age, 2002-2012.</li>
|
||
<li>People who were unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines in the last 12 months, by perceived health status and ethnicity, 2003-2012.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 20</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl20.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>People of all ages with a usual place to go for medical care, by age, January-June 2014</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar graph shows percentage of people with a usual place to go for medical care by age group and sex:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">Age Group</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">Total</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">Male</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">Female</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">All Ages</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">87.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">84.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">90.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><18</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">96.5</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">96.2</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">96.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">18-24</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">75.1</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">70.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">79.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">25-44</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">77.8</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">71</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">84.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">45-64</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">89.3</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">86.3</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">92.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">65+</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">96.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">95.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">97.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, January-June 2014, combined Sample Adult and Sample Child Core.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note:</strong> Data only available for 2014 quarters 1 and 2.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>From January to June 2014, adults ages 18-24 were the least likely to have a usual place to go for medical care. Children under age 18 were more likely than adults ages 18-24, 25-44, and 45-64 to have a usual place to go for medical care.</li>
|
||
<li>For all ages combined, as well as age groups 18-24, 25-44, and 45-64, females were more likely than males to have a usual place to go for medical care.</li>
|
||
<li>Among those age 18 and over, the percentage of people with a usual place to go for medical care increased (data not shown).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 21</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl21.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Age-sex adjusted percentage of people of all ages with a usual place to go for medical care, by race/ethnicity, 2013 and January-June 2014</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar graph shows percentage of people with a usual place to go for medical care by race/ethnicity:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">Race / Ethnicity</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">2013</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col">January-June 2014</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">White</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">88.3</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">89.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Black</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">85</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">86.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Hispanic</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">79</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">82.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2013 and January-June 2014, Combined Sample Adult and Sample Child Core Component.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>White and Black are non-Hispanic. Hispanic includes all races. Data only available for 2014 quarters 1 and 2.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>For January to June 2014, after adjustment for age and sex, the percentage of people with a usual place to go for medical care was 82.2% for Hispanics, 89.3% for Whites, and 86.5% for Blacks.</li>
|
||
<li>In both years, Hispanics were less likely to have a usual place to go for medical care compared with Blacks and Whites.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 22</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl22.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>People who were unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines in the last 12 months, by insurance (under age 65) and age, 2002-2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Images:</p>
|
||
<p>Left Chart: Line graph showing percentage of people having difficulty getting medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines. From 2002 to 2012, the overall percentage was between 10% and 11.7%, with the most recent percentage 10.5%. For people with private insurance, the percentage ranged from 7.7% to 10%, with the most recent percentage 8.2%. For people with public insurance, the percentage ranged from 12% to 14.5%, with the most recent percentage 12.7%. For uninsured people, the percentage ranged from 17.2% to 20.6%, with the most recent percentage 18.7%.</p>
|
||
<p>Right Chart:<strong> </strong>Line graph showing percentage of people having difficulty getting medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines. From 2002 to 2012, the percentage for children ages 0-17 was between 3.5% and 6.6%, with the most recent percentage 4.3%. For adults ages 18-44, the percentage ranged from 11.5% to 13.5%, with the most recent percentage 11.9%. For adults ages 45-64, the percentage ranged from 12.7% to 15.2%, with the most recent percentage 14.8%. For adults age 65 and over, the percentage ranged from 8.6% to 10.6%, with the most recent percentage 9.6%.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2002-2012.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note:</strong> For this measure, lower rates are better.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In all years, for people under age 65, uninsured people and people with public insurance were significantly more likely than people with private insurance to be unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines.</li>
|
||
<li>In 2012, the percentage of people who were unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines was significantly higher for people with no health insurance (18.7%) than for people with private insurance (8.4%).</li>
|
||
<li>In all years, adults ages 45-64 were more likely than adults age 65 and over, adults ages 18-44, and children ages 0-17 to be unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 23</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl23.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>People who were unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines in the last 12 months, by perceived health status and ethnicity, 2003-2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Images:</p>
|
||
<p>Left Chart:<strong> </strong>Line graph showing percentage of people having difficulty getting medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines. From 2003 to 2012, for people in excellent, very good, or good health, the percentage ranged from 8.4% to 10%, with the most recent percentage 8.7%. For people in fair or poor health, the percentage ranged from 23.4% to 27.2%, with the most recent percentage 25.8%.</p>
|
||
<p>Right Chart: Line graph showing percentage of people having difficulty getting medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines. From 2003 to 2012, the percentage for Whites was between 10.6% and 12.3%, with the most recent percentage 11.3%. For Blacks, the percentage ranged from 9.2% to 12.2%, with the most recent percentage 11.6%. For Hispanics, the percentage ranged from 7.4% to 9.7%, with the most recent percentage 7.4%.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2003-2012.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>White and Black are non-Hispanic. Hispanic includes all races.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>From 2003 to 2012, people whose perceived health status was fair or poor were significantly more likely to be unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2008 to 2012, Blacks saw an increase (from 9.2% to 11.6%) in the percentage of people who were unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2003 to 2012, Hispanics were less likely than Whites to be unable to get or delayed in getting needed medical care, dental care, or prescription medicines.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 24</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl24.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Timeliness</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Timeliness in health care is the system’s capacity to provide care quickly after a need is recognized. (Healthy People 2020).</li>
|
||
<li>Timely delivery of appropriate care can help reduce mortality and morbidity for chronic conditions, such as kidney disease (Smart & Titus, 2011).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 25</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl25.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Timeliness Measures</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Adults who needed care right away for an illness, injury, or condition in the last 12 months who sometimes or never got care as soon as wanted, by insurance (ages 18-64) and ethnicity, 2002-2012.</li>
|
||
<li>Children who needed care right away for an illness, injury, or condition in the last 12 months who sometimes or never got care as soon as wanted, by preferred language and ethnicity, 2002-2012.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 26</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl26.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Adults who needed care right away for an illness, injury, or condition in the last 12 months who sometimes or never got care as soon as wanted, by insurance (ages 18-64) and ethnicity, 2002-2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Images:</p>
|
||
<p>Left Chart: Line graph showing percentage of people having difficulty getting care as soon as wanted. From 2002 to 2012, the overall percentage was between 13.6% and 15.4%, with the most recent percentage 14.7%. For people with private insurance, the percentage ranged from 11.7% to 13.7%, with the most recent percentage 12.9%. For people with public insurance, the percentage ranged from 18.2% to 22.5%, with the most recent percentage 20.3%. For uninsured people, the percentage ranged from 29.7% to 34.6%, with the most recent percentage 35%.</p>
|
||
<p>Right Chart: Line graph showing percentage of people having difficulty getting care as soon as wanted. From 2002 to 2012, the percentage for Whites was between 11.9% and 13.8%, with the most recent percentage 12.9%. For Blacks, the percentage ranged from 15.7% to 22.7%, with the most recent percentage 17.2%. For Hispanics, the percentage ranged from 17.7% to 25.8%, with the most recent percentage 20.2%.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2002-2012.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>White and Black are non-Hispanic. Hispanic includes all races.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In 2012, the percentage of adults who needed care right away who sometimes or never got care as soon as wanted was 35% for uninsured people, 20.3% for those with public insurance, and 12.9% for those with private insurance.</li>
|
||
<li>In all years, uninsured adults were less likely to receive needed care right away for an illness, injury, or condition in the last 12 months.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2010 to 2012, Hispanics were less likely than Whites to receive care as soon as wanted.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 27</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl27.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Children who needed care right away for an illness, injury, or condition in the last 12 months who sometimes or never got care as soon as wanted, by preferred language and ethnicity, 2002-2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Images:</p>
|
||
<p>Left Chart: Line graph showing percentage of children having difficulty getting care as soon as wanted. From 2002 to 2012, the percentage of children who spoke English and had problems getting care ranged from 3% to 8.5%, with the most recent percentage 3%. For children who spoke a language other than English, the percentage ranged from 5.8% to 15.9%, with the most recent percentage 9.3%.</p>
|
||
<p>Right Chart: Line graph showing percentage of children having difficulty getting care as soon as wanted. From 2002 to 2012, the percentage for non-Hispanic Whites was between 2.1% and 8.1%, with the most recent percentage 2.1%. For Hispanics, the percentage ranged from 5.1% to 13.9%, with the most recent percentage 5.3%.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source:</strong> Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2002-2012.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note:</strong> For 2010 in the language chart, the data did not meet the criteria for statistical reliability, data quality, or confidentiality.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In 2012, the percentage of children who needed care right away who sometimes or never got care as soon as wanted was 9.3% for those who spoke a language other than English and 3.0% for those who spoke English.</li>
|
||
<li>In all years, English-speaking children were less likely than children speaking other languages to have problems receiving care as soon as wanted.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2007 to 2012, Hispanic children were more likely than non-Hispanic White children to sometimes or never get care as soon as wanted.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 28</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl28.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Infrastructure</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Ensuring well-coordinated, high-quality health care requires the establishment of a supportive health system infrastructure (IOM, 2010). Key elements include:
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Well-distributed capable and qualified workforce.</li>
|
||
<li>Organizational capacity to support culturally competent services and ongoing improvement efforts.</li>
|
||
<li>Health care safety net for hospital admissions of vulnerable populations.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 29</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl29.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Infrastructure Measures</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Physicians and surgeons per 100,000 population, by race and ethnicity, 2006-2013.</li>
|
||
<li>Primary care medical residents per 100,000 population, by sex and ethnicity, 2012-2013.</li>
|
||
<li>Characteristics of HRSA-supported health center population versus U.S. population, 2013.</li>
|
||
<li>Medicaid and uninsured discharges in U.S. short-term acute hospitals, by facility characteristics, 2012.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 30</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl30.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Physicians and surgeons per 100,000 population, by race and ethnicity, 2006-2013</h4>
|
||
<p>Images: Line graphs showing physicians and surgeons per 100,000 population, by race and ethnicity:</p>
|
||
<p>Left Chart:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col" valign="top">Year</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col" valign="top">White</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col" valign="top">Black</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col" valign="top">Asian</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" scope="col" valign="top">AI/AN</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2006</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">287</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">113</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1228</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">80</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2007</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">294</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">118</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1205</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">96</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2008</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">299</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">121</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1163</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2009</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">291</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">114</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1154</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">60</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2010</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">290</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">115</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1155</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">83</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2011</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">297</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">126</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1201</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">73</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2012</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">299</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">121</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1123</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">68</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2013</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">298</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">130</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1213</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top"> </td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p>Right Chart:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Year</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>White</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>Black</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>Hispanic</strong></th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2006</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">302</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">113</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">113</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2007</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">312</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">119</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">101</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2008</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">323</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">122</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">112</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2009</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">313</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">116</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">109</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2010</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">317</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">114</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">105</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2011</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">326</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">128</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">101</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2012</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">326</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">121</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">114</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">2013</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">326</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">132</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">116</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key: </strong>AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native.<br />
|
||
<strong>Data Source:</strong> U.S. Census, American Community Survey, 2006-2013.<br />
|
||
<strong>Note: </strong>The 2008 and 2013 data for AI/ANs did not meet the criteria for statistical reliability, data quality, or confidentiality. White and Black are non-Hispanic. Hispanic includes all races.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>From 2006 to 2013, the rate of physicians and surgeons per 100,000 population was higher for Asians than for Whites, Blacks, and American Indians and Alaska Natives.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2006 to 2013, the rate of physicians and surgeons per 100,000 population was higher for non-Hispanic Whites than for non-Hispanic Blacks. Lower rates were observed in Hispanic physicians and surgeons from 2007 to 2013.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 31</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl31.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Primary care medical residents per 100,000 population, by sex and race/ethnicity, 2012-2013</h4>
|
||
<p>Images: Bar charts showing primary care medical residents per 100,000 population, by sex and race/ethnicity:</p>
|
||
<p>Left Chart:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Sex</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Family Medicine</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Internal Medicine</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Obstetrics and Gynecology</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Pediatrics</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">Male</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">7.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">0.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">Female</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">3.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">5.7</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.5</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p>Right Chart:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Race / Ethnicity</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>Family Medicine</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>Internal Medicine</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>Obstetrics and Gynecology</strong></th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top"><strong>Pediatrics</strong></th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">White</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">Black</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.2</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">API</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">12.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">32.8</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">3.7</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">AI/AN</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">7.2</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">4.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" valign="top">Hispanic</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.3</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">0.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">0.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key: </strong>AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native; API = Asian or Pacific Islander.<br />
|
||
<strong>Data Source:</strong> Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Data Resource Book, Academic Year 2012-2013.<a href="http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/tabid/259/Publications/GraduateMedicalEducation DataResourceBook.aspx"> http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/tabid/259/Publications/GraduateMedicalEducation DataResourceBook.aspx</a><br />
|
||
<strong>Note:</strong> White, Black, API, and AI/AN are non-Hispanic. Hispanic includes all races. Rates are based on American Community Survey 1-year population estimates for 2012.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>From 2012 to 2013, the rate of primary care medical residents was higher for females than for males in family medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics. The rate for males was higher than for females in internal medicine.</li>
|
||
<li>From 2012 to 2013, the rate of primary care medical residents was higher for Asians and Pacific Islanders than for all other racial/ethnic groups, with the highest rate in internal medicine. Lower rates were observed for Hispanic primary care residents.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 32</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl32.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Characteristics of HRSA-supported health center population versus U.S. population, 2013</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar graph comparing characteristics of HRSA-supported health center population and U.S. population:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Characteristics</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Health Center Population</th>
|
||
<th differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" scope="col" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">U.S. Population</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Non-Hispanic</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">65.2</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">82.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Hispanic</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">34.8</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">17.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">White</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">66</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">77.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Black</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">23.8</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">12.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Asian</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">3.6</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">5.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">NHOPI</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.3</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">0.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">AI/AN</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">>1 Race</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">3.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">2.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Medicare</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">8.4</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">15.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">Medicaid</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">41.5</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">16.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">No Insurance</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">34.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">15.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">≤FPL</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">71.9</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row" style="vertical-align: top" valign="top">≤200% FPL</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">92.8</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" differentsizes="true" differentwidths="true" style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top" valign="top">34.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Key:</strong> AI/AN = American Indian or Alaska Native; NHOPI = Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; FPL = Federal poverty level.<br />
|
||
<strong>Data Source:</strong> Health Resources and Services Administration, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Uniform Data System, 2013. <a href="http://bphc.hrsa.gov/uds/datasnapshot.aspx?year=2013">http://bphc.hrsa.gov/uds/datasnapshot.aspx?year=2013</a><br />
|
||
<strong>Note:</strong> Racial groups include Hispanics and non-Hispanics. Health center population includes 1,202 program grantees data only.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In 2013, 71.9% of the health center population was at or below the Federal poverty level compared with 15% of the U.S. population. The health center population also had higher percentages of uninsurance (34.9%) and Medicaid enrollment (41.5%) than the U.S. population (15.4% and 16.4%, respectively).</li>
|
||
<li>In 2013, slightly more than one-third (34.8%) of the health center population was Hispanic, which was twice as much as the percentage in the U.S. population (17.1%). The percentage of Blacks at the health centers was nearly one-quarter (23.8%), nearly twice as much as the percentage in the U.S. population (12.2%).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 33</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl33.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>Medicaid and uninsured discharges in U.S. short-term acute hospitals, by facility characteristics, 2012</h4>
|
||
<p>Image: Bar graph showing Medicaid and uninsured discharges in U.S. short-term acute hospitals, by facility characteristics:</p>
|
||
<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="80%">
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Total</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">26.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row"><100 Beds</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">23.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">100-299 Beds</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">25.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">300-499 Beds</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">26.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">500+ Beds</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">28.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Government</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">36.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Private, Nonprofit</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">24.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Private, For Profit</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">28.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Teaching</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">28.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Nonteaching</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">24.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Northeast</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">24.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">Midwest</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">23.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">South</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">28.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td differentids="true" scope="row">West</td>
|
||
<td differentids="true" style="text-align: center">28.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p> </p>
|
||
<p><strong>Data Source: </strong>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, HCUPnet, 2012.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In 2012, 28.5% of Medicaid and uninsured patients were discharged from private, for profit hospitals compared with 36.2% from government hospitals.</li>
|
||
<li>Compared with hospitals with 500 or more beds (28.9%), hospitals with bed sizes under 300 (23.4% for <100 beds and 25.2% for 100-299 beds) had a smaller percentage of Medicaid or uninsured patients.</li>
|
||
<li>The percentage of patients discharged from teaching hospitals who were uninsured or covered by Medicaid was 28.3%, compared with 24.5% of patients in nonteaching hospitals.</li>
|
||
<li>Hospitals in the West discharged a greater percentage of Medicaid and uninsured patients (28.7%), while hospitals in the Midwest discharged the lowest percentage of these patients (23.2%).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3>Slide 34</h3>
|
||
<p><img alt="Text Description is below the image." src="access-sl34.jpg" /></p>
|
||
<h4>References</h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Blewett LA, Johnson PJ, Lee B, et al. When a usual source of care and usual provider matter: adult prevention and screening services. <em>J Gen Intern Med </em>2008 Sep;23(9):1354-60.</li>
|
||
<li>Healthy People 2020. Access to Health Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. <a href="http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/Access-to-Health-Services">http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/Access-to-Health-Services</a>. Accessed October 14, 2014.</li>
|
||
<li>Institute of Medicine, Committee on Monitoring Access to Personal Health Care Services. Access to health care in America. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1993.</li>
|
||
<li>Institute of Medicine, Board of Health Care Services. Future directions for the National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2010.</li>
|
||
<li>Smart NA, Titus TT. Outcomes of early versus late nephrology referral in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. <em>Am J Med</em> 2011 Nov;124(11):1073-80e2.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-last-reviewed field-type-datestamp field-label-hidden">
|
||
<div class="field-items">
|
||
<div class="field-item even">
|
||
Page last reviewed <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2015-04-01T00:00:00-04:00">April 2015</span> <br />Page originally created April 2015 </div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-ahrq-citation" class="block block-ahrq contextual-links-region first odd">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Internet Citation: Chartbook on Access to Health Care: Slide Presentation. Content last reviewed April 2015. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. https://archive.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/2014chartbooks/access/access-slides.html<div class="citation-flag"> </div> </div> <!--</div>--> <div class="footnote"> <p> The information on this page is archived and provided for reference purposes only.</p> </div> <p> </p> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>
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||
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