publicdata/ahrq-gov
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity Actions
ahrq-gov/archive.ahrq.gov/research/devmodels/devmodtab3.htm
Scott Williams 58222b51ed Initial commit
2025-02-28 14:14:25 -05:00

795 lines
No EOL
37 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Development of Models for Emergency Preparedness: Personal Protective Equipment, Decontamination, Isolation/Quarantine, and Laboratory Capacity: Table 3</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<!-- "metadata" -->
<meta name="description" content="Models to help health care professionals plan for and respond to bioterrorism events or public health emergencies and to provide guidance on personal protective equipment, decontamination, isolation/quarantine, and laboratory capacity." />
<meta name="keywords" content="Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, AHRQ, AHCPR, bioterrorism, community resources, disaster preparedness, emergency, hospital, mass casualty event, public health, surge capacity, urgent care" />
<link href="/includes/archive.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="/includes/ahrqstyleprint_arch.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" />
<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-75759936-1', 'auto');
ga(' set', 'anonymizeIp', true);
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script></head><body><!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W4DST4"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W4DST4');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<noscript>
Your browser doesn't support JavaScript. Please upgrade to a modern browser or enable JavaScript in your existing browser.
</noscript>
<!-- Page Header v2.0 -->
<a name="top" id="top"></a>
<!--Begin Banner CodeS-->
<div id="ahrqbanner">
<div class="hhsportion">
<a href="#h1" class="skipnav">Skip Navigation</a>
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov" title="U.S. Department of Health and Human Services">
<img src="/images/hhs_banner.gif" alt="U.S. Department of Health and Human Services" />
</a>
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov" title="www.hhs.gov" class="hhsright">
<img src="/images/hhs_link.gif" alt="www.hhs.gov" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="ahrqportion">
<a href="/" title="Archive: Agency for Healthcare Research Quality">
<img src="/images/ahrq_banner.gif" alt="Agency for Healthcare Research Quality" />
</a><form name="searchForm" method="get" action="https://search.ahrq.gov/search" id="banner_searchform">
<label for="search" style="z-index:-1;position:relative;margin-right:-65px; font-size:0px;">Search</label>
<input name="q" type="text" value=" Search Archive" size="11" onfocus="this.value='';" class="gotext" label="Search archive" id="search" />
<input type="hidden" name="entqr" value="0" />
<input type="hidden" name="output" value="xml_no_dtd" />
<input type="hidden" name="proxystylesheet" value="ARCHIVE_Front_End" />
<input type="hidden" name="client" value="ARCHIVE_Front_End" />
<input type="hidden" name="site" value="ARCHIVE_AHRQ_GOV" />
<input src="/images/topbn_GoButton.gif" class="gobtn" name="Submit" onclick="javascript:document.searchForm.submit();" type="image" alt="Search" />
</form>
<a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/" class="ahrqright">www.ahrq.gov</a>
</div><div class="ahrqlinks"><a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">AHRQ Home&#8212;Live Site</a> | <a href="/">Archive Home</a> | <a href="/sitemap.htm">Site Map</a> <!-- | &nbsp;<img src="/images/envelope1.jpg" alt="" width="21" height="14" /><a href="https://subscriptions.ahrq.gov/service/multi_subscribe.html?code=USAHRQ">E-mail Updates</a> --></div>
</div>
<div id="PrintBanner">
<img src="/images/printbanner_arch.jpg" alt="Archive print banner" />
</div>
<a name="h1"></a>
<!-- End banner code -->
<!-- End of Page header -->
<!-- Content Body -->
<div id="mainContent">
<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" >
<tr valign="top">
<td width="70%">
<!-- Center Content section -->
<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left:10px; margin-right:10px;margin-top:5px" summary="This table gives the layout format of the bread crumb area and the center content area.">
<!--DWLayoutTable-->
<tr>
<td class="crumb_link"><div id="crumbContent">
<p><strong>You Are Here:</strong> <span class="crumb_link"><a href="/" class="crumb_link">AHRQ Archive Home</a> &gt; <a href="/prep/" class="crumb_link">Public Health Preparedness Archive</a> &gt; <a href="." class="crumb_link">Development of Models for Emergency Preparedness</a></span></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="30px"><span class="title"><a name="h1" id="h1"></a>Development of Models for Emergency Preparedness </span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div id="centerContent"><p><strong>Public Health Emergency Preparedness</strong></p> <div class="headnote">
<p>This resource was part of AHRQ's Public Health Emergency Preparedness program, which was discontinued on June 30, 2011, in a realignment of Federal efforts.</p>
<!-- <p>Now this resource is supported by the <a href="http://emergency.cdc.gov/">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC).</p> -->
<p>This information is for reference purposes only. It was current when produced and may now be outdated. Archive material is no longer maintained, and some links may not work. Persons with disabilities having difficulty accessing this information should contact us at: <a href="https://info.ahrq.gov/">https://info.ahrq.gov</a>. Let us know the nature of the problem, the Web address of what you want, and your contact information. </p>
<p>Please go to <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">www.ahrq.gov</a> for current information.</p></div>
<h3>Table 3. Comparison of Personal Protective Equipment Levels by OSHA, NFPA, ODP,
and NIOSH</h3> <h4>Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) Regulation 1910.120 App B and 1926.65
App B</h4>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<th width="12%" scope="col">
<p><strong>PPE Level</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level A</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level B</strong></p>
</td>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level C</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level D</strong></p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">&nbsp; </td>
<td width="22%" align="center">
<img src="ppefig1.gif" width="156" height="172" alt="Photograph of Level-A PPE suit"></img>
</td>
<td width="22%" align="center">
<img src="ppefig2.gif" width="146" height="171" alt="Photograph of Level-B PPE suit"></img>
</td>
<td width="22%" align="center">
<img src="ppefig3.gif" width="156" height="169" alt="Photograph of Level-C PPE suit"></img>
</td> <td width="22%" align="center">
<img src="ppefig4.gif" width="195" height="169" alt="Photographs of medical personnel in hospital scrubs and EMS uniforms"></img>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Definition/ Indicators</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The hazardous substance
has been identified or is an unknown, and requires the highest level
of protection for skin, eyes, and the respiratory system based on
either the measured (or potential for) high concentration of atmospheric
vapors, gases, or particulates; or the site operations and work functions
involve a high potential for splash, immersion, or exposure to unexpected
vapors, gases, or particulates of materials that are harmful to skin
or capable of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;Substances with a high
degree of hazard to the skin are known or suspected to be present,
and skin contact is possible; or</p>
<p>&#8212;Operations must be conducted
in confined, poorly ventilated areas, and the absence of conditions
requiring Level A have not yet been determined.</p>
<p>&#8212;When an event is uncontrolled
or information is unknown about: the type of airborne agent, the
dissemination method, if dissemination is still occurring or it has
stopped.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The type and atmospheric
concentration of substances have been identified and require a high
level of respiratory protection, but less skin protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;The atmosphere contains
less than 19.5 percent oxygen; or</p>
<p>&#8212;The presence of incompletely
identified vapors or gases is indicated by a direct-reading organic
vapor detection instrument, but vapors and gases are not suspected
of containing high levels of chemicals harmful to skin or capable
of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant
ensemble used with the highest level of reparatory protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;The suspected aerosol
is not longer being generated, but other conditions may present a
splash hazard.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The atmospheric contaminants,
liquid splashes, or other direct contact may adversely affect or
be absorbed through any exposed skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;The types of air contaminants
have been identified, concentrations measured, and an air-purifying
respirator is available that can remove the contaminants; and</p>
<p>&#8212;All criteria for the
use of air-purifying respirators are met.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;Selected when the atmosphere contains no known hazards.</p>
<p>Work functions preclude
splashes, immersion, or the potential for unexpected inhalation of
or contact with hazardous levels of any chemicals.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Ensemble/ Component</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A fully encapsulated, liquid and vapor protective ensemble selected
when the highest level of skin, reparatory and eye protection is
required.</p>
<p>&#8212;Positive pressure, full
face-piece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or positive
pressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA, approved by the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).<2E> Closed-circuit
Rebreather/ open circuit SCBA.</p>
<p>&#8212;Totally-encapsulating
chemical-protective suit.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, chemical-resistant,
steel toe and shank, outer booties.</p>
<p>&#8212;Disposable protective
suit, gloves and boots (depending on suit construction, may be worn
over totally-encapsulating suit).</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Long underwear.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat (under suit),
personal cooling system, chemical resistant tape.*</p>
<p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble used with the highest level
of reparatory protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;Positive pressure, full-face piece self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA), or positive pressure supplied air respirator
with escape SCBA (NIOSH approved).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded chemical-resistant
clothing (overalls and long-sleeved jacket; coveralls; one or two-piece
chemical-splash suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, outer, chemical-resistant
steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boot-covers, outer,
chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat, personal cooling
system, chemical resistant tape.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Face shield.*</p>
<p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble, with the same level of skin
protection as Level B, used when the concentration(s) and type(s)
of airborne substances(s) are known and the criteria for using air-purifying
respirators are met.</p>
<p>&#8212;Full-face or half-mask, air purifying respirators (NIOSH approved).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded
chemical-resistant clothing (overalls; two-piece chemical-splash
suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots (outer), chemical-resistant steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boot-covers, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat, face shield, personal cooling system.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Escape mask.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Face shield.*</p>
<p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A work uniform affording minimal protection: used for nuisance
contamination only.</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots/shoes, chemical-resistant steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, outer, chemical-resistant (disposable).*</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Escape mask.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Face shield.*</p>
<p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA)</h4>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<th width="12%" scope="col">
<p><strong>PPE Level</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level 1</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level 2</strong></p>
</td>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level 3</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level 4</strong></p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Definition/ Indicators</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The hazardous substance
has been identified or is unknown,<2C> and requires the
highest level of protection for skin, eyes, and the respiratory system
based on either the measured (or potential for) high concentration
of atmospheric vapors, gases, or particulates; or the site operations
and work functions involve a high potential for splash, immersion,
or exposure to unexpected vapors, gases, or particulates of materials
that are harmful to skin or capable of being absorbed through the
skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;Substances with a high
degree of hazard to the skin are known or suspected to be present,
and skin contact is possible.</p>
<p>&#8212;Operations must be conducted
in confined, poorly ventilated areas, and the absence of conditions
requiring Level A have not yet been determined.</p>
<p>&#8212;When an event is uncontrolled
or information is unknown about: the type of airborne agent, the
dissemination method, if dissemination is still occurring or it has
stopped.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The type and atmospheric
concentration of substances have been identified and require a high
level of respiratory protection, but less skin protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;The atmosphere contains
less than 19.5 percent oxygen; or</p>
<p>&#8212;The presence of incompletely
identified vapors or gases is indicated by a direct-reading organic
vapor detection instrument, but vapors and gases are not suspected
of containing high levels of chemicals harmful to skin or capable
of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;Necessary to provide
sufficient vapor protection for the intended operation, where direct
contact of liquid droplets is probable, and where victims are not
ambulatory but symptomatic.</p>
<p>&#8212;The agent or threat has
generally been identified and where the actual release has subsided.<2E> Exposure
include possible contact with residual vapor or gas and highly contaminated
surfaces.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The atmospheric contaminants,
liquid splashes, or other direct contact may adversely affect or
be absorbed through any exposed skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;The types of air contaminants
have been identified, concentrations measured, and an air-purifying
respirator is available that can remove the contaminants; and</p>
<p>&#8212;All criteria for the
use of air-purifying respirators are met.</p>
<p>&#8212;Use well after the release
has occurred or in the peripheral zone of the release scene.<2E> Or
when there is no potential for vapor or gas exposure and exposure
to liquids is expected to be incidental through contact with contaminated
surfaces.</p>
<p>&#8212;Necessary to provide
sufficient liquid protection for the intended operation, where direct
contact of liquid droplets is possible, and where victims are impaired
but ambulatory.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;Selected when the atmosphere contains no known hazards.</p>
<p>&#8212;Work functions preclude
splashes, immersion, or the potential for unexpected inhalation of
or contact with hazardous levels of any chemicals.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Ensemble/ Component</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A fully encapsulated, liquid and vapor protective ensemble selected
when the highest level of skin, reparatory and eye protection is
required.</p>
<p>&#8212;Positive pressure, full
face-piece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or positive
pressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA, approved by the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).<2E> Gas
tight.</p>
<p>&#8212;Totally-encapsulating
chemical-protective suit.<2E> Highest levels of permeation
resistance. Highest level of physical hazard resistance.</p>
<p>&#8212;Disposable protective
suit, gloves and boots (depending on suit construction, may be worn
over totally-encapsulating suit).</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, chemical-resistant,
steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Long underwear.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat (under suit).*</p> <p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble used with the highest level
of reparatory protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;Positive pressure, full-facepiece self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA), or positive pressure supplied air respirator
with escape SCBA (NIOSH approved). Not gas tight, but still low
levels of leakage (&lt; 2%).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded chemical-resistant
clothing (overalls and long-sleeved jacket; coveralls; one or two-piece
chemical-splash suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).<2E> Permeation
resistance and shower test to show no penetration of liquid.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant. Lower levels
of physical hazard resistance.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, outer, chemical-resistant
steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boot-covers, outer,
chemical-resistant.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Face shield.*</p> <p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble, with the same level of skin
protection as Level B, used when the concentration(s) and type(s)
of airborne substances(s) are known and the criteria for using air-purifying
respirators are met.</p>
<p>&#8212;Full-face or half-mask, air purifying respirators (NIOSH approved).<2E> Not
gas tight.</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded
chemical-resistant clothing (overalls; two-piece chemical-splash
suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).<2E> Must
be liquid tight, not tested on gases.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls*7.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots (outer), chemical-resistant steel toe and shank.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Boot-covers, outer, chemical-resistant (disposable).*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Escape mask.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Face shield.*</p>
<p class="size2">*Optional/as needed.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A work uniform affording minimal protection: used for nuisance
contamination only.</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots/shoes, chemical-resistant steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, outer, chemical-resistant (disposable).*</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Escape mask.*</p>
<p>&#8212;Face shield.*</p>
<p class="size2">*Optional/non-mandatory.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>Office for Domestic Preparedness (ODP) Selected Equipment
List</h4>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<th width="12%" scope="col">
<p><strong>PPE Level</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level A</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level B</strong></p>
</td>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level C</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level D</strong></p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Definition/ Indicators</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The hazardous substance
has been identified or is unknown, and requires the highest level
of protection for skin, eyes, and the respiratory system based on
either the measured (or potential for) high concentration of atmospheric
vapors, gases, or particulates; or the site operations and work functions
involve a high potential for splash, immersion, or exposure to unexpected
vapors, gases, or particulates of materials that are harmful to skin
or capable of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;Substances with a high
degree of hazard to the skin are known or suspected to be present,
and skin contact is possible.</p>
<p>&#8212;Operations must be conducted
in confined, poorly ventilated areas, and the absence of conditions
requiring Level A have not yet been determined.</p>
<p>&#8212;When an event is uncontrolled
or information is unknown about: the type of airborne agent, the
dissemination method, if dissemination is still occurring or it has
stopped.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The type and atmospheric
concentration of substances have been identified and require a high
level of respiratory protection, but less skin protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;The atmosphere contains
less than 19.5 percent oxygen: or</p>
<p>&#8212;The presence of incompletely
identified vapors or gases is indicated by a direct-reading organic
vapor detection instrument, but vapors and gases are not suspected
of containing high levels of chemicals harmful to skin or capable
of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The atmospheric contaminants,
liquid splashes, or other direct contact may adversely affect or
be absorbed through any exposed skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;The types of air contaminants
have been identified, concentrations measured, and an air-purifying
respirator is available that can remove the contaminants; and</p>
<p>&#8212;All criteria for the
use of air-purifying respirators are met.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;Selected when the atmosphere contains no known hazards.</p>
<p>&#8212;Work functions preclude
splashes, immersion, or the potential for unexpected inhalation of
or contact with hazardous levels of any chemicals.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Ensemble/ Component</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A fully encapsulated, liquid and vapor protective ensemble selected
when the highest level of skin, reparatory and eye protection is
required (level A).</p>
<p>&#8212;Closed circuit rebreather or open circuit Self-Contained Breathing
Apparatus (SCBA) or, when appropriate, Supplied Air Breathing Apparatus
(SABA) (level A).</p>
<p>&#8212;Reusable or limited-use fully encapsulated chemical resistant
suit ensemble (level A).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical Resistant Gloves, including thermal as appropriate to
hazard (level A).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical resistant boots, steel or fiberglass toe and shank (level
A).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical Resistant Outer Booties (level A).</p>
<p>&#8212;Disposable protective
suit, gloves and boots (depending on suit construction, may be worn
over totally-encapsulating suit).</p>
<p>&#8212;Two-Way Local In-suit Communications.</p>
<p>&#8212;Personnel Accountability System to alert for downed personnel
(specific to SCBA use only).</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble used with the highest level
of reparatory protection (level B).</p>
<p>&#8212;Closed circuit rebreather or open circuit SCBA or, when appropriate, SABA (level B).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded chemical-resistant
clothing (overalls and long-sleeved jacket; coveralls; one or two-piece
chemical-splash suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).</p>
<p>&#8212;Liquid Chemical Splash Resistant Hood (permeable or non-permeable)
(level B).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical Resistant Gloves, including thermal
as appropriate to hazard (level B).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical resistant boots, steel or fiberglass toe and shank (level
B).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical Resistant Outer Booties (level B).</p>
<p>&#8212;Spare cylinders for rebreathers, SCBA or SABA, and service/repair
kits.</p>
<p>&#8212;HAZMAT gear bag.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble, with the same level of skin
protection as Level B, used when the concentration(s) and type(s)
of airborne substances(s) are known and the criteria for using air-purifying
respirators are met (level C).</p>
<p>&#8212;Full-Face
Air Purifying Respirators with appropriate cartridges or positive
pressure units (Powered Air Purifying&#8212;PAPR) (level
C).</p>
<p>&#8212;Liquid Chemical Splash Resistant Hood (permeable or non-permeable)
(level C).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded
chemical-resistant clothing (overalls; two-piece chemical-splash
suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls) (level C).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical Resistant Gloves, including thermal
as appropriate to hazard (level C).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical resistant boots, steel or fiberglass
toe and shank (level C).</p>
<p>&#8212;Chemical Resistant Outer Booties (level C).</p>
<p>&#8212;HAZMAT gear bag.</p>
<p>&#8212;Emergency Escape Breathing Apparatus (EEBA) 10 minutes or longer.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A work uniform affording minimal protection: used for nuisance
contamination only (level D).</p>
<p>&#8212;Escape mask for self-rescue.</p>
<p>&#8212;Decontamination Equipment used to clean, remediate,
remove, or mitigate chemical or biological contamination of first
responders.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)</h4>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<th width="12%" scope="col">
<p><strong>PPE Level</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level A</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level B</strong></p>
</td>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level C</strong></p>
</th>
<th width="22%" scope="col">
<p><strong>Level D</strong></p>
</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Definition/ Indicators</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The hazardous substance
has been identified or is unknown, and requires the highest level
of protection for skin, eyes, and the respiratory system based on
either the measured (or potential for) high concentration of atmospheric
vapors, gases, or particulates; or the site operations and work functions
involve a high potential for splash, immersion, or exposure to unexpected
vapors, gases, or particulates of materials that are harmful to skin
or capable of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;Substances with a high
degree of hazard to the skin are known or suspected to be present,
and skin contact is possible.</p>
<p>&#8212;Operations must be conducted
in confined, poorly ventilated areas, and the absence of conditions
requiring Level A have not yet been determined.</p>
<p>&#8212;When an event is uncontrolled
or information is unknown about: the type of airborne agent, the
dissemination method, if dissemination is still occurring or it has
stopped.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The type and atmospheric
concentration of substances have been identified and require a high
level of respiratory protection, but less skin protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;The atmosphere contains
less than 19.5 percent oxygen; or</p>
<p>&#8212;The presence of incompletely
identified vapors or gases is indicated by a direct-reading organic
vapor detection instrument, but vapors and gases are not suspected
of containing high levels of chemicals harmful to skin or capable
of being absorbed through the skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;Full respiratory protection
is required but danger to the skin from vapor is less.<2E> It
differs from Level A that is incorporates a non-encapsulating, splash-protective,
chemical-resistant suit (splash suit) that provides Level A protection
against liquids, but is not airtight.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;The atmospheric contaminants,
liquid splashes, or other direct contact may adversely affect or
be absorbed through any exposed skin.</p>
<p>&#8212;The types of air contaminants
have been identified, concentrations measured, and an air-purifying
respirator is available that can remove the contaminants; and</p>
<p>&#8212;All criteria for the
use of air-purifying respirators are met.</p>
<p>&#8212;Utilizes a splash suit
along with a full-faced positive&#8212;negative pressure respirator (a
filter-type gas mask) rather than a SCBA or air line.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;Selected when the atmosphere contains no known hazards.</p>
<p>&#8212;Work functions preclude
splashes, immersion, or the potential for unexpected inhalation of
or contact with hazardous levels of any chemicals.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="12%" scope="row">
<p><strong>Ensemble/ Component</strong></p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A fully encapsulated, liquid and vapor protective ensemble selected
when the highest level of skin, reparatory and eye protection is
required.</p>
<p>&#8212;Positive pressure, full
face-piece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or positive
pressure supplied air respirator with escape SCBA, approved by the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).<2E> Pressure-demand,
self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure-demand supplied
respirator (air hose) and escape SCBA.</p>
<p>&#8212;Totally-encapsulating
chemical-protective suit.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, chemical-resistant,
steel toe and shank.</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble used with the highest level
of reparatory protection.</p>
<p>&#8212;Positive pressure, full-facepiece self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA), or positive pressure supplied air respirator
with escape SCBA (NIOSH approved).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded chemical-resistant
clothing (overalls and long-sleeved jacket; coveralls; one or two-piece
chemical-splash suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots, outer, chemical-resistant
steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boot-covers, outer,
chemical-resistant (disposable).</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A liquid-splash-resistant ensemble, with the same level of skin
protection as Level B, used when the concentration(s) and type(s)
of airborne substances(s) are known and the criteria for using air-purifying
respirators are met.</p>
<p>&#8212;Full-face or half-mask, air purifying respirators (NIOSH approved).</p>
<p>&#8212;Hooded
chemical-resistant clothing (overalls; two-piece chemical-splash
suit; disposable chemical-resistant overalls).</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, outer, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves, inner, chemical-resistant.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots (outer), chemical-resistant steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boot-covers, outer, chemical-resistant (disposable).</p>
</td>
<td width="22%">
<p>&#8212;A work uniform affording minimal protection: used for nuisance
contamination only.</p>
<p>&#8212;Coveralls.</p>
<p>&#8212;Gloves.</p>
<p>&#8212;Boots/shoes, chemical-resistant steel toe and shank.</p>
<p>&#8212;Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles.</p>
<p>&#8212;Hard hat.</p>
<p>&#8212;Escape mask.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="size2"><a href="devmodel2a.htm#Tab3">Return to Document</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="footnote">
<p> The information on this page is archived and provided for reference purposes only.</p></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- End of Center Content section -->
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<!-- End of Content Body -->
<!-- Footer graphic 1.2-->
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td width="125" background="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg"><img src="/images/bottom_ahrq_1.jpg" width="125" alt="AHRQ" /></td>
<td width="100%" background="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg" ><img src="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg" width="10" height="34" alt="" /></td>
<td width="310" background="/images/bottom_ahrq_bkg.jpg"><img src="/images/bottom_ahrq_2.gif" alt="Advancing Excellence in Health Care" width="310" height="34" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- Footer links section -->
<div id="banner_Footer2"><p> <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">AHRQ Home</a> | <a href="https://info.ahrq.gov" class="footer_navlink">Questions?</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/contact/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Contact AHRQ</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/sitemap.html" class="footer_navlink">Site Map</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/accessibility/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Accessibility</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/privacy/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Privacy
Policy</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/foia/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Freedom of Information Act</a> | <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/disclaimers/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Disclaimers</a> | <a href="http://www.hhs.gov/open/recordsandreports/plainwritingact/index.html" class="footer_navlink">Plain Writing Act</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.hhs.gov" class="footer_navlink">U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services</a> | <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov" class="footer_navlink">The White House</a> | <a href="http://www.usa.gov" class="footer_navlink">USA.gov: The U.S. Government's Official Web Portal</a></p>
</div>
<div id="banner_Footeraddress"><p>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality <img src="/images/bottom_dot.gif" alt="" /> 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 <img src="/images/bottom_dot.gif" alt="" /> Telephone: (301) 427-1364</p></div>
<!-- End of Footer links section -->
</body>
</html>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink