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<p><strong>You Are Here:</strong> <span class="crumb_link"><a href="/" class="crumb_link">AHRQ Archive Home</a> > <a href="/research/resarch.htm" class="crumb_link"><em>Research Activities</em> Archive</a> > August 1998 </span></p>
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<td><h1><a name="h1" id="h1"></a> <em>Research Activities</em> </h1>
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<p>This information is for reference purposes only. It was current when produced and may now be outdated. Archive material is no longer maintained, and some links may not work. Persons with disabilities having difficulty accessing this information should contact us at: <a href="https://info.ahrq.gov/">https://info.ahrq.gov</a>. Let us know the nature of the problem, the Web address of what you want, and your contact information. </p>
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<p>Please go to <a href="https://www.ahrq.gov/">www.ahrq.gov</a> for current information.</p></div>
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<h2>August 1998, No. 218</h2>
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<hr />
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<h2>Contents</h2>
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<p><a href="about.htm">About <em>Research Activities</em></a></p>
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<h3>Feature Story</h3>
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<p><a href="ra1.htm">Racial differences in nicotine metabolism mean that blacks take in more nicotine per cigarette than whites</a></p>
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<h3>Departments</h3>
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<p><strong><a href="ra1.htm#head3">Clinical Decisionmaking</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head4">Women with chronic disease are less likely than other women to undergo screening for breast and cervical cancer</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head5">More checkpoints are needed to prevent overdosing errors in administering high-dose chemotherapy</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head6">Treating acute asthma attacks in special ER observation units is more effective and costs less than inpatient care</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head7">Carotid endarterectomy is being performed more often on asymptomatic patients to prevent stroke</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head8">Missed detection of depression in the elderly might be reduced by screening with a simple questionnaire</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head9">Pilot program leads to a healthier lifestyle for Mexican-American children at risk for type 2 diabetes</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra1.htm#head10">Outcomes/Effectiveness Research</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head11">Prostatitis is a common problem that is often treated unnecessarily with antibiotics</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head12">High rates of sexual, urinary, and bowel dysfunction follow treatment for early prostate cancer</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra1.htm#head13">Health Care Organization and Delivery</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head14">Employer-sponsored coverage for chiropractic care is now commonplace</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head15">Certain factors increase the likelihood that Medicaid HMO enrollees will visit the ER for nonurgent care</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head16">Model outpatient program helps keep high-risk elderly people out of the hospital at a reasonable cost</a><br />
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<a href="ra1.htm#head17">Most physicians are satisfied with their practices and income</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra2.htm#head1">Quality of Care</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head2">Hospitalization within 10 days of outpatient treatment for pneumonia may indicate less than optimal care</a><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head3">Clinical guidelines must be implemented with other approaches to substantially improve quality of care</a> </p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra2.htm#head4">Primary Care</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head5">Today's primary care physicians are being asked to approach their practices with a community perspective</a><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head6">Probable practice location and patient mix should inform medical students' primary care residency decisions</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra2.htm#head7">Managed Care</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head8">Workshop highlights pros and cons of carve-out contracts for specialty care</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra2.htm#head9">Health Care Costs and Financing</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head10">More than 4.5 million children lack insurance despite Medicaid eligibility</a><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head11">Organizational strategies, not physician incentives, may be the key to HMO outpatient cost savings</a><br />
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<a href="ra2.htm#head12">Some health care providers respond to reduced Medicare payments by changing the volume of procedures they perform</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra3.htm#head1">HIV/AIDS Research</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra3.htm#head2">Women with AIDS can cut their risk of death in half by seeking care from more experienced clinics</a><br />
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<a href="ra3.htm#head3">Largest study to date profiles HIV seropositive compared with high-risk seronegative women</a><br />
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<a href="ra3.htm#head4">Community-based programs for HIV-infected people need flexibility to respond to changes in functional status</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra3.htm#head5">Announcements</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra3.htm#head6">AHCPR funds new studies</a><br />
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<a href="ra3.htm#head7">New publications available from AHCPR</a><br />
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<a href="ra3.htm#head8">AHSR awards honor current and former AHCPR grantees</a></p>
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<p><strong><a href="ra4.htm#head1">Research Briefs</a></strong><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head2">The comparative effects of postoperative analgesic therapies on pulmonary outcome: Cumulative meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head3">Sample design of the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Medical Provider Component</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head4">A healthy health sector is crucial for community economic development</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head5">Skepticism toward medical care and health care use</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head6">A new twist in U.S. health care data standards development: Adoption of electronic health care transactions standards for administrative simplification</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head7">Decision and cost-utility analyses of surgical versus transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus: Should you let a smile be your umbrella?</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head8">Establishing the nurse-family relationship in the intensive care unit</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head9">Predicting the cost of illness: A comparison of alternative models applied to stroke</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head10">Use of medical informatics to implement and develop clinical practice guidelines</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head11">A Monte Carlo simulation of advanced HIV disease: Application to prevention of CMV infection</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head12">An international comparison of physicians' judgments of outcome rates of cardiac procedures and attitudes toward risk, uncertainty, justifiability, and regret</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head13">The demand for post-acute and chronic care in nursing homes</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head14">Nursing homes—Structure and selected characteristics, 1987 and 1996</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head15">Developing community partnerships to enhance care for rural families with low birth weight children</a><br />
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<a href="ra4.htm#head16">Predicting mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery: What do artificial neural network learn?</a></p>
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<p class="size2"><em>AHCPR Publication No. 98-0050<br />
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Current as of August 1998</em></p>
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<p class="size2"><strong>Internet Citation:</strong></p>
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<p class="size2"><em>Research Activities</em> newsletter. August 1998, No. 218. AHCPR Publication No. 98-0050. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Rockville, MD. https://www.ahrq.gov/research/aug98/</p>
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<p> The information on this page is archived and provided for reference purposes only.</p></div>
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