For synchronize, fix sudo to execute on the remote end of the connection

* In 2.0.0.x become was reversed for synchronize. It was happening on
  the local machine instead of the remote machine. This restores the
  ansible-1.9.x behaviour of doing become on the remote machine.
  However, there's aspects of this that are hacky (no hackier than
  ansible-1.9 but not using 2.0 features).  The big problem is that it
  does not understand any become method except sudo.  I'm willing to use
  a partial fix now because we don't want people to get used to the
  reversed semantics in their playbooks.
* synchronize copying to the wrong host when inventory_hostname is
  localhost
* Fix problem with unicode arguments (first seen as a bug on synchronize)

Fixes #14041
Fixes #13825

lib/ansible/module_utils/basic.py

@@ -1788,7 +1788,9 @@ class AnsibleModule(object):
         elif isinstance(args, basestring) and use_unsafe_shell:
             shell = True
         elif isinstance(args, basestring):
-            args = shlex.split(args.encode('utf-8'))
+            if isinstance(args, unicode):
+                args = args.encode('utf-8')
+            args = shlex.split(args)
         else:
             msg = "Argument 'args' to run_command must be list or string"
             self.fail_json(rc=257, cmd=args, msg=msg)