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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
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Playbooks
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=========
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Playbooks: Ansible for Deployment, Configuration Management, and Orchestration
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==============================================================================
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.. seealso::
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@ -11,72 +11,71 @@ Playbooks
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Learn about how to select hosts
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Playbooks are a completely different way to use ansible and are particularly awesome.
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They are the basis for a really simple configuration management and deployment system, unlike any that already exist, and one that is very well suited to deploying complex multi-machine applications. While you might run the main ansible program for ad-hoc tasks, playbooks are more likely to be kept in source control and used to push out your configuration or assure the configurations of your remote systems are in spec.
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Playbooks are a completely different way to use ansible and are particularly awesome. They are the basis for a really simple configuration management and deployment system, unlike any that already exist, and one that is very well suited to deploying complex multi-machine applications. While you might run the main ansible program for ad-hoc tasks, playbooks are more likely to be kept in source control and used to push out your configuration or assure the configurations of your remote systems are in spec.
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Playbook Example
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````````````````
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Playbooks are expressed in YAML format and have a minimum of syntax. Each playbook is composed
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of one or more patterns in a list. By composing a playbook of multiple patterns, it is possible
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of one or more 'plays' in a list. By composing a playbook of multiple 'plays', it is possible
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to orchestrate multi-machine deployments, running certain steps on all machines in
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the webservers group, then certain steps on the database server group, then more commands
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back on the webservers group, etc::
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---
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- hosts: all
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vars:
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http_port: 80
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max_clients: 200
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user: root
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tasks:
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- include: base.yml somevar=3 othervar=4
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- name: write the apache config file
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action: template src=/srv/httpd.j2 dest=/etc/httpd.conf
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notify:
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- restart apache
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- name: ensure apache is running
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action: service name=httpd state=started
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handlers:
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- include: handlers.yml
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---
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- hosts: webservers
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vars:
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http_port: 80
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max_clients: 200
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user: root
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tasks:
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- include: base.yml somevar=3 othervar=4
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- name: write the apache config file
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action: template src=/srv/httpd.j2 dest=/etc/httpd.conf
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notify:
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- restart apache
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- name: ensure apache is running
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action: service name=httpd state=started
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handlers:
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- include: handlers.yml
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Hosts line
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``````````
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The hosts line is alist of one or more groups or host patterns, seperated by colons.
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webservers:dbservers:*.foo.example.com
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The hosts line is alist of one or more groups or host patterns, seperated by colons, as
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described in the 'patterns' documentation.
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Vars section
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````````````
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A list of variables that can be used in the 'action' lines of the template, or in
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included templates. Variables are deferenced like this::
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A list of variables that can be used in the templates, action lines, or included files.
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Variables are deferenced using ``jinja2`` syntax like this::
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{{ varname }}
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These variables will be pushed down to the managed systems for use in templating operations.
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These variables will be pushed down to the managed systems for use in templating operations, where
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the way to dereference them in templates is exactly the same.
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Further, if there are discovered variables about the system (say, if facter or ohai were
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installed) these variables bubble up back into the playbook, and can be used on each
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system just like explicitly set variables. Facter variables are prefixed with 'facter'
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and Ohai variables are prefixed with 'ohai'.
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system just like explicitly set variables. Facter variables are prefixed with 'facter_'
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and Ohai variables are prefixed with 'ohai_'.
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Tasks list
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``````````
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Tasks are executed in order, one at a time, against all machines matched by the host
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pattern, before moving on to the next task. Failed tasks are taken out of the rotation.
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Each play contains a list of tasks. Tasks are executed in order, one at a time, against
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all machines matched by the play's host pattern, before moving on to the next task.
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Hosts with failed tasks are taken out of the rotation for the entire playbook. If things fail,
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correct the problem and rerun. Modules other than command are idempotent, meaning if you
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run them again, they will make the changes they are told to make to bring the system to
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the desired state.
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Task name and comment
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`````````
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Task name and action
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`````````````````````
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Each task has a name (required) and optional comment. This is for informational purposes only
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Task action
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```````````
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Every task must have a name, which is included in the output from running the playbook.
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The action line is the name of an ansible module followed by parameters. Usually these
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are expressed in key=value form, except for the command module, which looks just like a Linux/Unix
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